Electrical Switching of the Nonreciprocal Directional Microwave Response in a Triplon Bose-Einstein Condensate

Mechano-Nanoarchitectonics: Design and Function

Mechanical stimuli have rather ambiguous and less-specific features among various physical stimuli, but most materials exhibit a certain level of responses upon mechanical inputs. Unexplored sciences remain in mechanical responding systems as one of the frontiers of materials science. Nanoarchitectonics approaches for mechanically responding materials are discussed as mechano-nanoarchitectonics in this review article. Recent approaches on molecular and materials systems with mechanical response capabilities are first exemplified with two viewpoints: i) mechanical control of supramolecular assemblies and materials and ii) mechanical control and evaluation of atom/molecular level structures. In the following sections, special attentions on interfacial environments for mechano-nanoarchitectonics are emphasized. The section entitled iii) Mechanical Control of Molecular System at Dynamic Interface describes coupling of macroscopic mechanical forces and molecular-level phenomena. Delicate mechanical forces can be applied to functional molecules embedded at the air-water interface where operation of molecular machines and tuning of molecular receptors upon macroscopic mechanical actions are discussed. Finally, the important role of the interfacial media are further extended to the control of living cells as described in the section entitled iv) Mechanical Control of Biosystems. Pioneering approaches on cell fate regulations at liquid-liquid interfaces are discussed in addition to well-known mechanobiology.

In Situ Electric-Field Control of THz Nonreciprocal Directional Dichroism in the Multiferroic Ba_{2}CoGe_{2}O_{7}

Nonreciprocal directional dichroism, also called the optical-diode effect, is an appealing functional property inherent to the large class of noncentrosymmetric magnets. However, the in situ electric control of this phenomenon is challenging as it requires a set of conditions to be fulfilled: Special symmetries of the magnetic ground state, spin excitations with comparable magnetic- and electric-dipole activity, and switchable electric polarization. We demonstrate the isothermal electric switch between domains of Ba_{2}CoGe_{2}O_{7} possessing opposite magnetoelectric susceptibilities. Combining THz spectroscopy and multiboson spin-wave analysis, we show that unbalancing the population of antiferromagnetic domains generates the nonreciprocal light absorption of spin excitations.

Critical behavior of Tan's contact for bosonic systems with a fixed chemical potential

The temperature dependence of Tan's contact parameterCand its derivatives for spin gapped quantum magnets are investigated. We use the paradigm of Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) to describe the low temperature properties of quasiparticles in the system known as triplons. Since the number of particles and the condensate fraction are not fixed we use theμVTensemble to calculate the thermodynamic quantities. The interactions are treated at the Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov approximation level. We obtained the temperature dependence ofCand its derivative with respect to temperature and applied magnetic field both above and belowT_cof the phase transition from the normal phase to BEC. We have shown thatCis regular, while its derivatives are discontinuous atT_cin accordance with Ehrenfest's classification of phase transitions. Moreover, we have found a sign change in ∂C/∂Tclose to the critical temperature. As to the quantum critical point,Cand its derivatives are regular as a function of the control parameterr, which induces the quantum phase transition. At very low temperatures, one may evaluateCsimply from the expressionC=m2μ2/a¯4, where the only parameter effective mass of quasiparticles should be estimated. We propose a method for measuring of Tan's contact for spin gapped dimerized magnets.