1
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Zhang YX. Zeno Regime of Collective Emission: Non-Markovianity beyond Retardation. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:193603. [PMID: 38000421 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.193603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
To build up a collective emission, the atoms in an ensemble must coordinate their behavior by exchanging virtual photons. We study this non-Markovian process in a subwavelength atom chain coupled to a one-dimensional (1D) waveguide and find that retardation is not the only cause of non-Markovianity. The other factor is the memory of the photonic environment, for which a single excited atom needs a finite time, the Zeno regime, to transition from quadratic decay to exponential decay. In the waveguide setup, this crossover has a time scale longer than the retardation, thus impacting the development of collective behavior. By comparing a full quantum treatment with an approach incorporating only the retardation effect, we find that the field memory effect, characterized by the population of atomic excitation, is much more pronounced in collective emissions than that in the decay of a single atom. Our results maybe useful for the dissipation engineering of quantum information processings based on compact atom arrays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xiang Zhang
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; and Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, China
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2
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Humphries BS, Green D, Borgh MO, Jones GA. Phonon Signatures in Photon Correlations. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:143601. [PMID: 37862651 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.143601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
We show that the second-order, two-time correlation functions for phonons and photons emitted from a vibronic molecule in a thermal bath result in bunching and antibunching (a purely quantum effect), respectively. Signatures relating to phonon exchange with the environment are revealed in photon-photon correlations. We demonstrate that cross-correlation functions have a strong dependence on the order of detection giving insight into how phonon dynamics influences the emission of light. This work offers new opportunities to investigate quantum effects in condensed-phase molecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben S Humphries
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Dale Green
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Magnus O Borgh
- Physics, Faculty of Science, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Garth A Jones
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
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3
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Santos AC, Bachelard R. Generation of Maximally Entangled Long-Lived States with Giant Atoms in a Waveguide. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:053601. [PMID: 36800463 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.053601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this Letter, we show how to efficiently generate entanglement between two artificial giant atoms with photon-mediated interactions in a waveguide. Taking advantage of the adjustable decay processes of giant atoms into the waveguide and of the interference processes, spontaneous sudden birth of entanglement can be strongly enhanced with giant atoms. Highly entangled states can also be generated in the steady-state regime when the system is driven by a resonant classical field. We show that the statistics of the light emitted by the system can be used as a witness of the presence of entanglement in the system, since giant photon bunching is observed close to the regime of maximal entanglement. Given the degree of quantum correlations incoherently generated in this system, our results open a broad avenue for the generation of quantum correlations and manipulation of photon statistics in systems of giant atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan C Santos
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235-SP-310, 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova University Center, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - R Bachelard
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235-SP-310, 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut de Physique de Nice, 06560 Valbonne, France
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4
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Rastogi A, Saglamyurek E, Hrushevskyi T, LeBlanc LJ. Superradiance-Mediated Photon Storage for Broadband Quantum Memory. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:120502. [PMID: 36179159 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.120502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Superradiance, characterized by the collective, coherent emission of light from an excited ensemble of emitters, generates photonic signals on timescales faster than the natural lifetime of an individual atom. The rapid exchange of coherence between atomic emitters and photonic fields in the superradiant regime enables a fast, broadband quantum memory. We demonstrate this superradiance memory mechanism in an ensemble of cold rubidium atoms and verify that this protocol is suitable for pulses on timescales shorter than the atoms' natural lifetime. Our simulations show that the superradiance memory protocol yields the highest bandwidth storage among protocols in the same system. These high-bandwidth quantum memories provide unique opportunities for fast processing of optical and microwave photonic signals, with applications in large-scale quantum communication and quantum computing technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anindya Rastogi
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Erhan Saglamyurek
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Taras Hrushevskyi
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Lindsay J LeBlanc
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
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5
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Li M, Zhang YL, Wu SH, Dong CH, Zou XB, Guo GC, Zou CL. Single-Mode Photon Blockade Enhanced by Bi-Tone Drive. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:043601. [PMID: 35939014 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.043601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A scheme for observing photon blockade in a single bosonic mode with weak nonlinearity is proposed and numerically verified. Using a simple bi-tone drive, sub- and super-Poissonian light can be generated with high fidelity. With a periodically poled lithium niobate microcavity, a sub-Poissonian photon source with kHz count rate can be realized. Our proposed scheme is robust against parameter variations of the cavity and extendable to any bosonic system with anharmonic energy levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center For Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Lei Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center For Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Hao Wu
- Department of Physics, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, USA
| | - Chun-Hua Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center For Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu-Bo Zou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center For Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Can Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center For Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Ling Zou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center For Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
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6
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Zhang YX, Mølmer K. Free-Fermion Multiply Excited Eigenstates and Their Experimental Signatures in 1D Arrays of Two-Level Atoms. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:093602. [PMID: 35302803 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.093602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
One-dimensional (1D) subwavelength atom arrays display multiply excited subradiant eigenstates which are reminiscent of free fermions. So far, these states have been associated with subradiant states with decay rates ∝N^{-3}, with N the number of atoms, which fundamentally prevents detection of their fermionic features by optical means. In this Letter, we show that free-fermion states generally appear whenever the band of singly excited states has a quadratic dispersion relation at the band edge and, hence, may also be obtained with radiant and even superradiant states. 1D arrays have free-fermion multiply excited eigenstates that are typically either subradiant or (super)radiant, and we show that a simple transformation acts between the two families. Based on this correspondence, we propose different means for their preparation and analyze their experimental signature in optical detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xiang Zhang
- The Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 17, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Klaus Mølmer
- Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies, Aarhus University and Center for Complex Quantum Systems (CCQ), Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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7
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Xia X, Zhang X, Xu J, Li H, Fu Z, Yang Y. Improvement of nonreciprocal unconventional photon blockade by two asymmetrical arranged atoms embedded in a cavity. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:7907-7917. [PMID: 35299543 DOI: 10.1364/oe.450585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We improve the nonreciprocal unconventional photon blockade (UCPB) in an asymmetrical single-mode cavity with two asymmetrical arranged two-level atoms (TLAs) where cavity and atom spatial symmetry breakings are involved in. In order to get direction-dependent UCPB in asymmetrical system, we deduce two restrictions of frequency and intensity through the steady solution of the cavity QED system analytically. The former restriction is exactly the same as that of a single-atom case, and the latter restriction combined with both spatial asymmetries. Controllable UCPB in this model shows an improving nonreciprocal UCPB with wider operating regime which is promoted by two asymmetrical arranged atoms. The most innovation of this work is that the contributions of two spatial symmetry breakings are figured out clearly and they play different roles in nonreciprocal UCPB. The cavity spatial symmetry breaking and weak nonlinearity are essential to quantum nonreciprocity, while the atoms spatial symmetry is not and it only can promote such nonreciprocal UCPB. Our findings show a prospective access to manipulate quantum nonreciprocity by a couple of atoms.
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8
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Moreno-Cardoner M, Goncalves D, Chang DE. Quantum Nonlinear Optics Based on Two-Dimensional Rydberg Atom Arrays. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:263602. [PMID: 35029476 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.263602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We propose the combination of subwavelength, two-dimensional atomic arrays and Rydberg interactions as a powerful platform to realize strong, coherent interactions between individual photons with high fidelity. The atomic spatial ordering guarantees efficient atom-light interactions without the possibility of scattering light into unwanted directions, allowing the array to act as a perfect mirror for individual photons. In turn, Rydberg interactions enable single photons to alter the optical response of the array within a potentially large blockade radius R_{b}, which can effectively punch a large "hole" for subsequent photons. We show that such a system enables a coherent photon-photon gate or switch, with a significantly better error scaling (∼R_{b}^{-4}) than in a disordered ensemble. We also investigate the optical properties of the system in the limit of strong input intensities and show that this many-body quantum driven dissipative system can be modeled well by a semiclassical model based on holes punched in a classical mirror.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Moreno-Cardoner
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 21a, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Departament de Física Quàntica i Astrofísica and Institut de Ciències del Cosmos, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - D Goncalves
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
| | - D E Chang
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
- ICREA-Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, 08015 Barcelona, Spain
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9
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Yoo SM. Optical cooperative effects of multiemitters in a one-dimensional (1D) dense array. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:35314-35326. [PMID: 34808968 DOI: 10.1364/oe.440558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We theoretically explore cooperative effects of equally spaced multiemitters in a 1D dense array driven by a low-intensity probe field propagating through a 1D waveguide by modeling the emitters as point-like coupled electric dipoles. We calculate the collective optical spectra of a number of 1D emitter arrays with any radiation-retention coefficient η using both exact classical-electrodynamics and mean-field-theory formalisms. We illustrate cooperative effects of lossless 1D emitter arrays with η = 1 at the emitter spacings, which are displayed by steep edges accompanied by a deep minimum and Fano resonances in the plots of transmissivities as a function of the detuning of the incident light from the emitter resonance. Numerical simulation of the full width of such optical bandgaps reveals that cooperativity between emitters is greater in a small array of size N ≤ 8 than in a larger one of size N > 8. For a lossy 1D emitter array in which the radiation retention coefficient is equal to or less than 0.1 the transmissivity obtained by exact-electrodynamics scheme exhibits no bandgap structures, being in good agreement with the mean-field-theory result. We propose that a 1D multiemitter array may work as a nanoscale filter blocking transmission of light with a frequency in the range of optical bandgaps.
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10
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Santos AC. Quantum advantage of two-level batteries in the self-discharging process. Phys Rev E 2021; 103:042118. [PMID: 34005945 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.103.042118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Devices that use quantum advantages for storing energy in the degree of freedom of quantum systems have drawn attention due to their properties of working as quantum batteries (QBs). However, one can identify a number of problems that need to be adequately solved before the start of a real manufacturing process of these devices. In particular, it is important to pay attention to the ability of quantum batteries in storing energy when no consumption center is connected to them. In this paper, by considering quantum batteries disconnected from external charging fields and consumption center, we study the dissipative effects that lead to charge leakage to the surrounding environment. We identify this phenomena as a self-discharging of QBs, in analogy to the inherent decay of the stored charge of conventional classical batteries in a open-circuit configuration. The performance of QBs compared to the classical counterpart is highlighted for single- and multicell quantum batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan C Santos
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235 - SP-310, 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
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11
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Cipris A, Moreira NA, do Espirito Santo TS, Weiss P, Villas-Boas CJ, Kaiser R, Guerin W, Bachelard R. Subradiance with Saturated Atoms: Population Enhancement of the Long-Lived States. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:103604. [PMID: 33784122 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.103604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Dipole-dipole interactions are at the origin of long-lived collective atomic states, often called subradiant, which are explored for their potential use in novel photonic devices or in quantum protocols. Here, we study subradiance beyond the single-excitation regime and experimentally demonstrate a 200-fold increase in the population of these modes, as the saturation parameter of the driving field is increased. We attribute this enhancement to a mechanism similar to optical pumping through the well-coupled superradiant states. The lifetimes are unaffected by the pump strength, as the system is ultimately driven toward the single-excitation sector. Our study is a new step in the exploration of the many-body dynamics of large open systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cipris
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut de Physique de Nice, 06560 Valbonne, France
| | - N A Moreira
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, 13566-590 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - T S do Espirito Santo
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, 13566-590 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - P Weiss
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut de Physique de Nice, 06560 Valbonne, France
| | - C J Villas-Boas
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235-SP-310, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - R Kaiser
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut de Physique de Nice, 06560 Valbonne, France
| | - W Guerin
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut de Physique de Nice, 06560 Valbonne, France
| | - R Bachelard
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235-SP-310, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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12
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Iversen OA, Pohl T. Strongly Correlated States of Light and Repulsive Photons in Chiral Chains of Three-Level Quantum Emitters. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:083605. [PMID: 33709742 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.083605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We study the correlated transport of photons through a chain of three-level emitters that are coupled chirally to a photonic mode of a waveguide. It is found that this system can transfer a weak classical input into a strongly correlated state of light in a unitary manner. Our analysis reveals two-photon scattering eigenstates, that are akin to Fano resonances or shape resonances in particle collisions and facilitate the emergence of antibunched light with long-range correlations upon crossing a critical length of the chain. By operating close to conditions of electromagnetically induced transparency of the three-level medium, a high degree of antibunching and photon transmission can be maintained in the presence of moderate losses. These features suggest a promising mechanism for single-photon generation and may open the door to exploring correlated quantum many-body states of light with repulsively interacting photons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ole A Iversen
- Center for Complex Quantum Systems, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 120, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Thomas Pohl
- Center for Complex Quantum Systems, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 120, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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13
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Williamson LA, Borgh MO, Ruostekoski J. Superatom Picture of Collective Nonclassical Light Emission and Dipole Blockade in Atom Arrays. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:073602. [PMID: 32857544 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.073602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We show that two-time, second-order correlations of scattered photons from planar arrays and chains of atoms display nonclassical features that can be described by a superatom picture of the canonical single-atom g_{2}(τ) resonance fluorescence result. For the superatom, the single-atom linewidth is replaced by the linewidth of the underlying collective low light-intensity eigenmode. Strong light-induced dipole-dipole interactions lead to a correlated response, suppressed joint photon detection events, and dipole blockade that inhibits multiple excitations of the collective atomic state. For targeted subradiant modes, the nonclassical nature of emitted light can be dramatically enhanced even compared with that of a single atom.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Williamson
- Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
| | - M O Borgh
- Faculty of Science, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - J Ruostekoski
- Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
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