1
|
Barhoumi M, Liu J, Hübner W, Lefkidis G. Using single and double laser pulses on the molecular Ni 4@C 48H 36 system to design integrated nanospintronic units. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:16070-16090. [PMID: 38780108 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp00523f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The accomplishment of long-distance spin transfer scenarios between several magnetic centers is a big challenge for building and supporting spin-logic units for developing future all-optical magnetic unit operations. Using high-level quantum chemistry theory CCSD and EOM-CCSD, we systematically study the ultrafast laser-induced spin-dynamics process on a carbon-based material, to which four magnetic centers are attached. We show that the CCSD method with the 6-31G basis set calculation is sensitive to the C-Ni bond length. The spin density distribution, which is computed using EOM-CCSD with LanL2DZ+ECP calculations, Mulliken population analysis, including spin-orbit-coupling (SOC) and a magnetic field, fulfills the requirements for achieving spin dynamics processes. Different local spin-flip and spin-transfer processes are accomplished within the subpicosecond regime. The impact of the propagation direction of the laser pulse by switching their polar and the azimuthal angles in spherical coordinates on the spin dynamics processes is analyzed. Double laser pulses with time delay δt ≥ 200 × FWHM yield in a realistic magnetic field gradient selectively a lateral resolution, which corresponds to distances smaller than the CMOS scale (2 nm in 2024) while our system size is comparable to the CMOS scale. Here Λ and V processes with two quasi-degenerate intermediate levels are used. We propose a model of an integrated spin-logic processor created from an array of individual spin-logic blocks, which are realized by four magnetic centers Ni. The findings of this study demonstrate the enormous potential of using laser-induced spin dynamics as the fundamental mechanism for future molecular magnetic technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Barhoumi
- Deutsche Telekom Chair of Communication Networks, Institute of Communication Technology, Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Quantum Communication Networks (QCNets) Research Group, Institute of Communication Technology, Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Physics, Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität Kaiserslautern (RPTU) Kaiserslautern-Landau, P.O. Box 3049, 67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
| | - Jing Liu
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Hübner
- Department of Physics, Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität Kaiserslautern (RPTU) Kaiserslautern-Landau, P.O. Box 3049, 67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
| | - Georgios Lefkidis
- Department of Physics, Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität Kaiserslautern (RPTU) Kaiserslautern-Landau, P.O. Box 3049, 67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710072 Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xu S, Zhang Y, Zang C, Liu J, Jin W, Lefkidis G, Hübner W, Li C. Unlocking Ultrafast Spin Transfer in Single-Magnetic-Center-Decorated Triangulene Systems. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:3929-3937. [PMID: 38568181 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c00469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Triangulene, as a typical open-shell graphene fragment, has attracted widespread attention for nanospintronics, promising to serve as building blocks in spin-logic units. Here, using ab initio calculations, we systematically study the laser-induced ultrafast spin-dynamic processes on triangulene nanoflakes, decorated with a transition-metal atom. The results reveal a competition between the induced magnetic center and the carbon edge of the triangulene, resulting in the coexistence of dual spin-density-distribution patterns on such single-magnetic-center systems, thus opening up possibilities of complex spin-dynamic scenarios beyond the spin flip. Interestingly, no matter what direction the spin points to, it is possible to achieve reversible spin-transfer processes using the same laser pulse. Increasing the pool of elementary processes to contain not only spin-direction-dependent but also spin-direction-independent scenarios allows for more versatile spin-logic operations, including classical handling of information and quantum computing. In the present work, we suggest downscaling nanospintronic devices by integrating triangulene-based nanostructures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Xu
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
- Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Yiming Zhang
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
- School of Science, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Congfei Zang
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
- Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Wei Jin
- School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Georgios Lefkidis
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
- Department of Physics, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, P.O. Box 3049, 67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Hübner
- Department of Physics, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, P.O. Box 3049, 67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Chun Li
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
- Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518057, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen Z, Luo JW, Wang LW. Light-induced ultrafast spin transport in multilayer metallic films originates from sp- d spin exchange coupling. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadi1618. [PMID: 38100591 PMCID: PMC10848703 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi1618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Ultrafast interaction between the femtosecond laser pulse and the magnetic metal provides an efficient way to manipulate the magnetic states of matter. Numerous experimental advancements have been made on multilayer metallic films in the last two decades. However, the underlying physics remains unclear. Here, relying on an efficient ab initio spin dynamics simulation algorithm, we revealed the physics that can unify the progress in different experiments. We found that light-induced ultrafast spin transport in multilayer metallic films originates from the sp-d spin-exchange interaction, which can induce an ultrafast, large, and pure spin current from ferromagnetic metal to nonmagnetic metal without charge carrier transport. The resulting trends of spin demagnetization and spin flow are consistent with most experiments. It can explain a variety of ultrafast light-spin manipulation experiments with different systems and different pump-probe technologies, covering a wide range of work in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhanghui Chen
- Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 912, Beijing 100083, China
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Mail Stop 50F, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.1 Yanqihu East Rd, Huairou District, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Jun-Wei Luo
- Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 912, Beijing 100083, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.1 Yanqihu East Rd, Huairou District, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Lin-Wang Wang
- Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 912, Beijing 100083, China
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Mail Stop 50F, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Barhoumi M, Liu J, Lefkidis G, Hübner W. Laser-induced ultrafast spin-transfer processes in non-linear zigzag carbon chain systems. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:24563-24580. [PMID: 37661835 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02483k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
We combine the high-level quantum chemistry theory CCSD and EOM-CCSD together with local and global Λ processes to investigate the details of the laser-induced ultrafast spin manipulation scenarios in non-linear zigzag carbon chain systems Ni2@C32H32 and Ni2@C36H36. The spin density distribution, which is calculated on each many-body state using a Mulliken population analysis, fulfills the requirements to accomplish the spin dynamics processes. Various spin-flip and spin-transfer scenarios are accomplished. All the spin-dynamics processes can be achieved within subpicosecond times. Under the influence of a magnetic field, we find that the spin-transfer scenarios are preserved, while the local spin-flip scenario on a Ni atom can be significantly inhibited depending on the strength of the magnetic field. The impact of the propagation direction of the laser pulse on the spin dynamics processes by varying their polar and azimuthal angles in spherical coordinates is investigated. Additionally, we find that double laser pulses successfully induce the spin-transfer processes. Our outcomes underline the significant potential of carbon chain systems as building blocks for developing future all-optical integrated logic processing units.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Barhoumi
- Department of Physics, Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität Kaiserslautern (RPTU) Kaiserslautern-Landau, P.O. Box 3049, 67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
| | - Jing Liu
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Georgios Lefkidis
- Department of Physics, Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität Kaiserslautern (RPTU) Kaiserslautern-Landau, P.O. Box 3049, 67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
| | - Wolfgang Hübner
- Department of Physics, Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität Kaiserslautern (RPTU) Kaiserslautern-Landau, P.O. Box 3049, 67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang Y, Xu S, Liu J, Jin W, Lefkidis G, Hübner W, Li C. Optically Driven Both Classical and Quantum Unary, Binary, and Ternary Logic Gates on Co-Decorated Graphene Nanoflakes. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:8107-8113. [PMID: 37657090 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c01917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Nanospintronics holds great potential for providing high-speed, low-power, and high-density logic and memory elements in future computational devices. Here, using ab initio many-body theory, we suggest a nanoscale framework for building quantum computation elements, based on individual magnetic atoms deposited on graphene nanoflakes. We show the great possibilities of this proposal by exemplarily presenting four quantum gates, namely, the unary Pauli-X, Pauli-Y, Pauli-Z, and Hadamard gates, as well as the universal classical ternary Toffoli gate, which preserves information entropy and is therefore fully reversible and minimally energy consuming. All our gates operate within the subpicosecond time scale and reach fidelities well above 90%. We demonstrate the ability to control the spin direction and localization, as well as to create superposition states and to control the quantum phase of states, which are indispensable ingredients of quantum computers. Additionally, being optically driven, their predicted operating speed by far beats that of modern quantum computers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Zhang
- School of Science, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
- School of Mechanics, Civil Engineering and Architecture, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Shuai Xu
- School of Mechanics, Civil Engineering and Architecture, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
- Research and Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Wei Jin
- School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Georgios Lefkidis
- School of Mechanics, Civil Engineering and Architecture, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
- Department of Physics, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, P.O. Box 3049, Kaiserslautern 67663, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Hübner
- Department of Physics, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, P.O. Box 3049, Kaiserslautern 67663, Germany
| | - Chun Li
- School of Mechanics, Civil Engineering and Architecture, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
- Research and Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518057, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Barhoumi M, Liu J, Lefkidis G, Hübner W. Ultrafast control of laser-induced spin-dynamics scenarios on two-dimensional Ni3@C63H54 magnetic system. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:084304. [PMID: 37638625 DOI: 10.1063/5.0158160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The concept of building logically functional networks employing spintronics or magnetic heterostructures is becoming more and more popular today. Incorporating logical segments into a circuit needs physical bonds between the magnetic molecules or clusters involved. In this framework, we systematically study ultrafast laser-induced spin-manipulation scenarios on a closed system of three carbon chains to which three Ni atoms are attached. After the inclusion of spin-orbit coupling and an external magnetic field, different ultrafast spin dynamics scenarios involving spin-flip and long-distance spin-transfer processes are achieved by various appropriately well-tailored time-resolved laser pulses within subpicosecond timescales. We additionally study the various effects of an external magnetic field on spin-flip and spin-transfer processes. Moreover, we obtain spin-dynamics processes induced by a double laser pulse, rather than a single one. We suggest enhancing the spatial addressability of spin-flip and spin-transfer processes. The findings presented in this article will improve our knowledge of the magnetic properties of carbon-based magnetic molecular structures. They also support the relevant experimental realization of spin dynamics and their potential applications in future molecular spintronics devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Barhoumi
- Department of Physics, Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität Kaiserslautern (RPTU) Kaiserslautern-Landau, P.O. Box 3049, 67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Jing Liu
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Georgios Lefkidis
- Department of Physics, Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität Kaiserslautern (RPTU) Kaiserslautern-Landau, P.O. Box 3049, 67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Hübner
- Department of Physics, Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität Kaiserslautern (RPTU) Kaiserslautern-Landau, P.O. Box 3049, 67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mummaneni BC, Liu J, Lefkidis G, Hübner W. Laser-Controlled Implementation of Controlled-NOT, Hadamard, SWAP, and Pauli Gates as Well as Generation of Bell States in a 3d-4f Molecular Magnet. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:2479-2485. [PMID: 35266722 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c00172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Using high-level ab initio many-body theory, we theoretically propose that the Dy and the Ni atoms in the [Dy2Ni2(L)4(NO3)2(DMF)2] real molecular magnet as well as in its core, that is, the [Dy2Ni2O6] system, act as two-level qubit systems. Despite their spatial proximity we can individually control each qubit in this highly correlated real magnetic system through specially designed laser-pulse combinations. This allows us to prepare any desired two-qubit state and to build several classical and quantum logic gates, such as the two-qubit (binary) CNOT gate with three distinct laser pulses. Other quantum logic gates include the single-qubit (unary) quantum X, Y, and Z Pauli gates; the Hadamard gate (which necessitates the coherent quantum superposition of two many-body electronic states); and the SWAP gate (which plays an important role in Shor's algorithm for integer factorization). Finally, by sequentially using the achieved CNOT and Hadamard gates we are able to obtain the maximally entangled Bell states, for example, (12)(|00⟩ + |11⟩).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Physics, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, PO Box 3049, 67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Georgios Lefkidis
- Department of Physics, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, PO Box 3049, 67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany
- School of Mechanics, Civil Engineering and Architecture, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Wolfgang Hübner
- Department of Physics, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, PO Box 3049, 67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Xu S, Zhang Y, Huang R, Liu J, Jin W, Lefkidis G, Hübner W, Li C. Strain manipulation of the local spin flip on Ni@B 80 endohedral fullerene. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:25712-25719. [PMID: 34755737 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp03206b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Using first principles, we theoretically investigate the strain manipulation of the ultrafast spin-flip processes on the Ni@B80 endohedral fullerene by using highly correlated quantum chemical calculations. It is shown that the ultrafast local spin flip on Ni@B80 can be achieved via Λ processes with high fidelities in both the equilibrium and distorted structures. Moreover, the applied strain on Ni@B80 can significantly lead to the redistribution of spin density, and therefore dominate the spin-flip processes. It is interesting that the strain effects on the spin-flip processes of Ni@B80 are not identical. Specifically, when a strain is applied along the direction across the Ni atom, the influence is exactly opposite to the case when the strain direction goes without crossing the Ni atom. This orientation-dependent strain effect is also demonstrated by analyzing the modulated energy gaps between the singly occupied molecular orbital (SOMO) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of the system. The present results shed some light on the mechanical control of the magneto-optic dynamics behavior of the endohedral fullerenes, and further provide the idea that strain engineering and spin engineering can be combined for the design of nanoscale magnetic storage units and spintronic devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Xu
- School of Mechanics, Civil Engineering and Architecture, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Yiming Zhang
- School of Mechanics, Civil Engineering and Architecture, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Rui Huang
- Envision Group, SOHO Zhongshan Plaza, Shanghai 200051, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, PO Box 3049, 67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Wei Jin
- School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Georgios Lefkidis
- School of Mechanics, Civil Engineering and Architecture, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China. .,Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, PO Box 3049, 67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Hübner
- Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, PO Box 3049, 67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Chun Li
- School of Mechanics, Civil Engineering and Architecture, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lin SY, Tran NTT, Lin MF. Diversified Phenomena in Metal- and Transition-Metal-Adsorbed Graphene Nanoribbons. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:630. [PMID: 33802563 PMCID: PMC8000403 DOI: 10.3390/nano11030630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Adatom-adsorbed graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) have gained much attention owing to the tunable electronic and magnetic properties. The metal (Bi, Al)/transition metal (Ti, Fe, Co, Ni) atoms could provide various outermost orbitals for the multi-orbital hybridizations with the out-of-plane π bondings on the carbon honeycomb lattice, which dominate the fundamental properties of chemisorption systems. In this study, the significant similarities and differences among Bi-/Al-/Ti-/Fe-/Co-/Ni-adsorbed GNRs are thoroughly investigated by using the first-principles calculations. The main characterizations include the adsorption sites, bond lengths, stability, band structures, charge density distributions, spin- and orbital-projected density of states, and magnetic configurations. Furthermore, there exists a transformation from finite gap semiconducting to metallic behaviors, accompanied by the nonmagnetism, antiferromagnetism, or ferromagnetism. They arise from the cooperative or competitive relations among the significant chemical bonds, finite-size quantum confinement, edge structure, and spin-dependent many-body effects. The proposed theoretical framework could be further improved and generalized to explore other emergent 1D and 2D materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Yang Lin
- Department of Physics, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi 621301, Taiwan;
| | - Ngoc Thanh Thuy Tran
- Hierarchical Green-Energy Materials (Hi-GEM) Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Fa Lin
- Hierarchical Green-Energy Materials (Hi-GEM) Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan;
- Quantum Topological Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|