1
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Asmussen JD, Sishodia K, Bastian B, Abid AR, Ben Ltaief L, Pedersen HB, De S, Medina C, Pal N, Richter R, Fennel T, Krishnan S, Mudrich M. Electron energy loss and angular asymmetry induced by elastic scattering in superfluid helium nanodroplets. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:14025-14031. [PMID: 37559557 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr03295g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Helium nanodroplets are ideal model systems to unravel the complex interaction of condensed matter with ionizing radiation. Here we study the effect of purely elastic electron scattering on angular and energy distributions of photoelectrons emitted from He nanodroplets of variable size (10-109 atoms per droplets). For large droplets, photoelectrons develop a pronounced anisotropy along the incident light beam due to a shadowing effect within the droplets. In contrast, the detected photoelectron spectra are only weakly perturbed. This opens up possibilities for photoelectron spectroscopy of dopants embedded in droplets provided they are smaller than the penetration depth of the light and the trapping range of emitted electrons in liquid helium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob D Asmussen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Denmark.
| | - Keshav Sishodia
- Quantum Center of Excellence for Diamond and Emergent Materials and Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, India
| | - Björn Bastian
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Denmark.
| | - Abdul R Abid
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Denmark.
| | | | | | - Subhendu De
- Quantum Center of Excellence for Diamond and Emergent Materials and Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, India
| | | | | | | | | | - Sivarama Krishnan
- Quantum Center of Excellence for Diamond and Emergent Materials and Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, India
| | - Marcel Mudrich
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Denmark.
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2
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Tong J, Pan S, Jiang W, Han L, Xu Y, Zuo Z, Lu P, Gong X, Wu J. Identifying photoelectron releasing order in strong-field dissociative ionization of H 2. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:25467-25476. [PMID: 37710432 DOI: 10.1364/oe.495066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Driven by intense laser fields, the outgoing photoelectrons in molecules possess a quiver motion, resulting in the rise of the effective ionization potential. The coupling of the field-dressed ionization potential with abundant molecular dynamics complicates the laser-molecule interactions. Here, we demonstrate an approach to resolve photoelectron releasing order in the dissociative and non-dissociative channels of multiphoton ionization driven by an orthogonally polarized two-color femtosecond laser pulse. The photoelectron kinetic energy releases and the regular nodes in the photoelectron angular distributions due to the participation of different continuum partial waves allow us to deduce the field-dressed ionization potential of various channels. It returns the ponderomotive energy experienced by the outgoing electron and reveals the corresponding photoionization instants within the laser pulse. Our results provide a route to explore the complex strong-field ionization dynamics of molecules using two-dimensional photoelectron momentum spectroscopy.
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3
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Zhou L, Hu X, Peng Y, Qiang J, Lu P, Lin K, Pan S, Gong X, Jiang W, Jiang Z, Lu C, Ni H, Jin C, Lu R, Wu Y, Wang J, Wu J. Enhancing Strong-Field Dissociation of H_{2}^{+} in Helium Nanodroplets. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:033201. [PMID: 36763404 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.033201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the above-threshold multiphoton ionization of H_{2} embedded in superfluid He nanodroplets driven by ultraviolet femtosecond laser pulses. We find that the surrounding He atoms enhance the dissociation of in-droplet H_{2}^{+} from lower vibrational states as compared to that of isolated gas-phase molecules. As a result, the discrete peaks in the photoelectron energy spectrum correlated with the HHe^{+} from the dissociative in-droplet molecule shift to higher energies. Based on the electron-nuclear correlation, the photoelectrons with higher energies are correlated to the nuclei of the low-vibrationally excited molecular ion as the nuclei share less photon energy. Our time-dependent nuclear wave packet quantum simulation using a simplified He-H_{2}^{+} system confirms the joint contribution of the driving laser field and the neighboring He atoms to the dissociation dynamics of the solute molecular ion. The results strengthen our understanding of the role of the environment on light-induced ultrafast dynamics of molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianrong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xiaoqing Hu
- Key Laboratory of Computational Physics, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Yigeng Peng
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Junjie Qiang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Peifen Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Kang Lin
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - Shengzhe Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xiaochun Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Wenyu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Zhejun Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Chenxu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Hongcheng Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Cheng Jin
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Ruifeng Lu
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Yong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Computational Physics, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, China
- HEDPS, Center of Applied Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 10084, China
| | - Jianguo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Computational Physics, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Jian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Shanxi 030006, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Optics, Chongqing Institute of East China Normal University, Chongqing 401121, China
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4
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Treiber L, Kanya R, Kitzler-Zeiler M, Koch M. Dynamics of Above-Threshold Ionization and Laser-Assisted Electron Scattering inside Helium Nanodroplets. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:8380-8387. [PMID: 36384271 PMCID: PMC9677425 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c05410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Laser-assisted electron scattering (LAES) is a fundamental
three
body interaction process that enables energy transfer between electrons
and photons in the presence of matter. Here, we focus on the multiscattering
regime of electrons generated by above-threshold ionization (ATI)
of In atoms inside a high-density nanostructure, helium nanodroplets
(HeN) of ∼40 Å radius. The stochastic nature
of the multiscattering regime results in photoelectron spectra independent
of laser polarization. Numerical simulations via tunnel-type ionization
followed by applying the Kroll–Watson approximation for LAES
are in agreement with experimental spectra and yield a mechanistic
description of electron generation and the LAES energy modulation
processes. We find a negligible influence of the electron start position
inside the helium droplet on the simulated electron energy spectrum.
Further, our simulations shine light on the interplay of electron
time of birth, number of LAES gain/loss events, and final kinetic
energy; early ionization leads to the largest number of scattering
events and thereby the highest electron kinetic energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonhard Treiber
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, 8010Graz, Austria
| | - Reika Kanya
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 minami-Osawa, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo192-0397, Japan
- JST PRESTO, 1-1 minami-Osawa, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo192-0397, Japan
| | - Markus Kitzler-Zeiler
- Photonics Institute, Technische Universität Wien, Gusshausstrasse 27-29, 1040Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Koch
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, 8010Graz, Austria
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5
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Asmussen JD, Michiels R, Bangert U, Sisourat N, Binz M, Bruder L, Danailov M, Di Fraia M, Feifel R, Giannessi L, Plekan O, Prince KC, Squibb RJ, Uhl D, Wituschek A, Zangrando M, Callegari C, Stienkemeier F, Mudrich M. Time-Resolved Ultrafast Interatomic Coulombic Decay in Superexcited Sodium-Doped Helium Nanodroplets. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:4470-4478. [PMID: 35561339 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c00645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The autoionization dynamics of superexcited superfluid He nanodroplets doped with Na atoms is studied by extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) time-resolved electron spectroscopy. Following excitation into the higher-lying droplet absorption band, the droplet relaxes into the lowest metastable atomic 1s2s 1,3S states from which interatomic Coulombic decay (ICD) takes place either between two excited He atoms or between an excited He atom and a Na atom attached to the droplet surface. Four main ICD channels are identified, and their decay times are determined by varying the delay between the XUV pulse and a UV pulse that ionizes the initial excited state and thereby quenches ICD. The decay times for the different channels all fall in the range of ∼1 ps, indicating that the ICD dynamics are mainly determined by the droplet environment. A periodic modulation of the transient ICD signals is tentatively attributed to the oscillation of the bubble forming around the localized He excitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob D Asmussen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Rupert Michiels
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Ulrich Bangert
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Nicolas Sisourat
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Matière et Rayonnement, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Marcel Binz
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Lukas Bruder
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | | | | | - Raimund Feifel
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, 41133 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Luca Giannessi
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., 34149 Basovizza TS, Italy
| | - Oksana Plekan
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., 34149 Basovizza TS, Italy
| | - Kevin C Prince
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., 34149 Basovizza TS, Italy
| | - Richard J Squibb
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, 41133 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Daniel Uhl
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Andreas Wituschek
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Marco Zangrando
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., 34149 Basovizza TS, Italy
| | - Carlo Callegari
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., 34149 Basovizza TS, Italy
| | - Frank Stienkemeier
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Marcel Mudrich
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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6
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Krebs BS, Tulsky V, Kazak L, Zabel M, Bauer D, Tiggesbäumker J. Phase-of-the-Phase Electron Momentum Spectroscopy on Single Metal Atoms in Helium Nanodroplets. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:1526-1532. [PMID: 35133167 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c00110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium atoms fully embedded in helium nanodroplets are exposed to two-color laser pulses, which trigger multiphoton above-threshold ionization (ATI). This allows exemplary study of the contribution of a dense, neutral, and finite medium on single electron propagation. The angular-resolved photoelectron spectra show striking differences with respect to results obtained on free atoms. Scattering of the individual Mg photoelectrons, when traversing the neutral helium environment, causes the angular distribution to become almost isotropic. Furthermore, the appearance of higher-energy electrons is observed, indicating the impact of the droplet on the concerted emission process. Phase-of-the-phase spectroscopy, however, reveals a marked loss in the 2ω-ω phase dependence of the electron signal. Taking into account sideband formation on a quantitative level, a Monte Carlo simulation which includes laser-assisted electron scattering can reproduce the experimental spectra and give insights into the strong-field-induced electron emission from disordered systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bennet S Krebs
- Institute of Physics, University of Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
- Department "Life, Light and Matter", University of Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Vasily Tulsky
- Institute of Physics, University of Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Lev Kazak
- Institute of Physics, University of Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Michael Zabel
- Institute of Physics, University of Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
- Department "Life, Light and Matter", University of Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Dieter Bauer
- Institute of Physics, University of Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Josef Tiggesbäumker
- Institute of Physics, University of Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
- Department "Life, Light and Matter", University of Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
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