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Eshun A, Yi X, Wilson A, Jeppson S, Yoo JH, Kiannejad S, Rushford M, Bond T, Laurence T. Fluorescence lifetime measurements using photon pair correlations generated via spontaneous parametric down conversion (SPDC). OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:26935-26947. [PMID: 37710542 DOI: 10.1364/oe.494744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
We have used photon pair correlations generated via spontaneous parametric downconversion (SPDC) to measure the fluorescence lifetime of the organic dye rhodamine 6 G, demonstrating that fluorescence lifetime measurements can be achieved using a continuous wave (CW) laser, without pulsed or modulated lasers. Our entangled photon method, quantum fluorescence lifetime (Q-FL) measurements, uses one photon to excite fluorescence and the resulting fluorescence photon is timed and referenced to the arrival time of the other entangled photon. Thus, we can exploit the short timescale of photon pair correlations to conduct experiments that are typically carried out with pulsed lasers and we show that the inherent timing of the photons is fast enough to resolve the nanosecond scale fluorescence lifetime of the sample. This measurement paves the way towards using the time correlations of entangled photons for fluorescence imaging; capitalizing on the presence of fast, sub-100 ps correlations that have not been demonstrated classically.
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Szoke S, He M, Hickam BP, Cushing SK. Designing high-power, octave spanning entangled photon sources for quantum spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:244201. [PMID: 34241348 DOI: 10.1063/5.0053688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Entangled photon spectroscopy is a nascent field that has important implications for measurement and imaging across chemical, biology, and materials fields. Entangled photon spectroscopy potentially offers improved spatial and temporal-frequency resolutions, increased cross sections for multiphoton and nonlinear measurements, and new abilities in inducing or measuring quantum correlations. A critical step in enabling entangled photon spectroscopies is the creation of high-flux entangled sources that can use conventional detectors as well as provide redundancy for the losses in realistic samples. Here, we report a periodically poled, chirped, lithium tantalate platform that generates entangled photon pairs with ∼10-7 efficiency. For a near watt level diode laser, this results in a near μW-level flux. The single photon per mode limit that is necessary to maintain non-classical photon behavior is still satisfied by distributing this power over up to an octave-spanning bandwidth. The spectral-temporal photon correlations are observed via a Michelson-type interferometer that measures the broadband Hong-Ou-Mandel two-photon interference. A coherence time of 245 fs for a 10 nm bandwidth in the collinear case and a coherence time of 62 fs for a 125 nm bandwidth in the non-collinear case are measured using a CW pump laser and, essentially, collecting the full photon cone. We outline in detail the numerical methods used for designing and tailoring the entangled photons source, such as changing center wavelength or bandwidth, with the ultimate aim of increasing the availability of high-flux UV-Vis entangled photon sources in the optical spectroscopy community.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Szoke
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - M He
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - B P Hickam
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - S K Cushing
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
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Lachman L, Filip R. Quantum Non-Gaussian Photon Coincidences. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:213604. [PMID: 34114867 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.213604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Photon coincidences represent an important resource for quantum technologies. They expose nonlinear quantum processes in matter and are essential for sources of entanglement. We derive broadly applicable criteria for quantum non-Gaussian two-photon coincidences that certify a new quality of photon sources. The criteria reject states emerging from Gaussian parametric processes, which often limit applications in quantum technologies. We also analyze the robustness of the quantum non-Gaussian coincidences and compare it to the heralded quantum non-Gaussianity of single photons based on them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukáš Lachman
- Department of Optics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 1192/12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Radim Filip
- Department of Optics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 1192/12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Abstract
Einstein was wrong with his 1927 Solvay Conference claim that quantum mechanics is incomplete and incapable of describing diffraction of single particles. However, the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox of entangled pairs of particles remains lurking with its 'spooky action at a distance'. In molecules quantum entanglement can be viewed as basis of both chemical bonding and excitonic states. The latter are important in many biophysical contexts and involve coupling between subsystems in which virtual excitations lead to eigenstates of the total Hamiltonian, but not for the separate subsystems. The author questions whether atomic or photonic systems may be probed to prove that particles or photons may stay entangled over large distances and display the immediate communication with each other that so concerned Einstein. A dissociating hydrogen molecule is taken as a model of a zero-spin entangled system whose angular momenta are in principle possible to probe for this purpose. In practice, however, spins randomize as a result of interactions with surrounding fields and matter. Similarly, no experiment seems yet to provide unambiguous evidence of remaining entanglement between single photons at large separations in absence of mutual interaction, or about immediate (superluminal) communication. This forces us to reflect again on what Einstein really had in mind with the paradox, viz. a probabilistic interpretation of a wave function for an ensemble of identically prepared states, rather than as a statement about single particles. Such a prepared state of many particles would lack properties of quantum entanglement that make it so special, including the uncertainty upon which safe quantum communication is assumed to rest. An example is Zewail's experiment showing visible resonance in the dissociation of a coherently vibrating ensemble of NaI molecules apparently violating the uncertainty principle. Einstein was wrong about diffracting single photons where space-like anti-bunching observations have proven recently their non-local character and how observation in one point can remotely affect the outcome in other points. By contrast, long range photon entanglement with immediate, superluminal response is still an elusive, possibly partly misunderstood issue. The author proposes that photons may entangle over large distances only if some interaction exists via fields that cannot propagate faster than the speed of light. An experiment to settle this 'interaction hypothesis' is suggested.
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Shen Y, Xu L, Zhang H, Yang P. Doppler shift and ambiguity velocity caused by relative motion in quantum-enhanced measurement. OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 23:18445-18457. [PMID: 26191903 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.018445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We study the effect of relative motion on a frequency-entangled-based ranging scheme. Two major puzzles arise, i.e., Doppler shift and ambiguity velocity. During condition of rapid relative motion, Doppler shift invalidates the measurement result of this scheme; while during condition of slow relative motion, the ambiguity velocity turns into a major limitation. If relative speed between targets and measurement platform exceeds the ambiguity velocity, an accumulated profile obtained by the coincidence measurement will be distorted, which causes a lower ranging accuracy. Theoretical analysis shows a time-varying delay can be introduced to solve the two major puzzles.
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Hsu FK, Lai CW. Absolute instrument spectral response measurements using angle-resolved parametric fluorescence. OPTICS EXPRESS 2013; 21:18538-18552. [PMID: 23938726 DOI: 10.1364/oe.21.018538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The broadband parametric fluorescence from a nonlinear crystal can be used as a compact primary source instead of a blackbody for absolute measurements of instrument spectral efficiency. We describe such a setup for measuring the instrument spectral response function in the wavelength range from 450 to 1000 nm. We perform angle-resolved imaging spectroscopy of conical parametric fluorescence in a beta-barium borate crystal pumped by a 405-nm diode laser. The experimental angle-resolved spectra and the generation efficiency of parametric down-conversion agree with a plane-wave theoretical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Kuo Hsu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
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Jakeman E, Jefferson J. Antibunching and Sub-poissonian Statistics in Photoelectron-triggered Optical Dead-time Experiments. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/713821989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Jakeman
- a Royal Signals and Radar Establishment, Malvern, Worcestershire WR14 3PS, England
| | - J.H. Jefferson
- a Royal Signals and Radar Establishment, Malvern, Worcestershire WR14 3PS, England
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Boitier F, Godard A, Ryasnyanskiy A, Dubreuil N, Delaye P, Fabre C, Rosencher E. Second order coherence of broadband down-converted light on ultrashort time scale determined by two photon absorption in semiconductor. OPTICS EXPRESS 2010; 18:20401-20408. [PMID: 20940932 DOI: 10.1364/oe.18.020401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We study the photon correlation properties of broadband parametric down-converted light. The measurement of the photon correlation is carried out thanks to a modified Hanbury Brown-Twiss interferometer based on two photon absorption in GaAs detector. Since this method is not affected by the phase matching conditions of the detecting apparatus (so called "final state post-selection"), the detection bandwidth can be extremely large. This is illustrated by studying, with the same apparatus, the degree of second order coherence of parametric light in both degenerate and non-degenerate cases. We show that our experiment is able to determine the coherent as well as the incoherent contributions to the degree of second order coherence of parametric light with a time resolution in the fs range scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Boitier
- DMPH, Onera-the French Aerospace Laboratory, Palaiseau, France
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9
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Süzer O, Goodson TG. Does pump beam intensity affect the efficiency of spontaneous parametric down conversion? OPTICS EXPRESS 2008; 16:20166-20175. [PMID: 19065155 DOI: 10.1364/oe.16.020166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We show that, with proper modification of the pump field description from plane-wave to spherical-like, which serves to incorporate geometric effects that were discarded in the plane-wave model, the efficiency of the spontaneous parametric down conversion process exhibits dependence on pump intensity, contrary to previous theoretical predictions. Experimental investigations of this behavior are carried out under focused pumping conditions, where pump divergence is kept constant, and pairs of photons are collected behind an aperture that is large compared to the overall down-conversion profile. The resulting photon yield is found to exhibit a strong dependence on pump intensity, and an enhancement of the down-conversion efficiency is observed. The modified pump field description is also modeled numerically and calculations are presented, which are found to display good accordance with experimental observations. The enhanced yield of spontaneous parametrically down-converted photons will prove beneficial for many practical applications of entangled photon pairs where a high flux is desired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozgün Süzer
- Applied Physics Program, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1055, USA
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Fan J, Migdall A, Wang LJ. Efficient generation of correlated photon pairs in a microstructure fiber. OPTICS LETTERS 2005; 30:3368-70. [PMID: 16389834 DOI: 10.1364/ol.30.003368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
We report efficient generation of correlated photon pairs through degenerate four-wave mixing in a microstructure fiber. With 735.7 nm pump pulses producing correlated signal (688.5 nm) and idler (789.8 nm) photons in a 1.8 m microstructure fiber, we detect photon pairs at a rate of 37.6 kHz with a coincidence/ accidental contrast of 10:1 with deltalambda = 0.7 nm. This is the highest rate to our knowledge reported to date in a fiber-based photon source. The light source is highly nonclassical as defined by the Zou-Wang-Mandel inequality, which is violated by 1100 times the uncertainty.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Fan
- Optical Technology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Mail Stop 8441, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-8441, USA.
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Fan J, Dogariu A, Wang LJ. Generation of correlated photon pairs in a microstructure fiber. OPTICS LETTERS 2005; 30:1530-2. [PMID: 16007797 DOI: 10.1364/ol.30.001530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
We propose and experimentally demonstrate a new method of generating correlated photons in a microstructure fiber by means of a reversed degenerate four-wave-mixing process. Here one photon is annihilated from each of the bichromatic pump pulses to generate a pair of photons at the mean frequency. For a microstructure fiber as short as 1.5 m the measured coincidence counting rate is approximately eight times that of the accidental coincidences with a peak pump power of 0.25 W.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Fan
- NEC Laboratories America, Inc., 4 Independence Way, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, USA
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Wang LJ, Hong CK, Friberg SR. Generation of correlated photons via four-wave mixing in optical fibres. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1088/1464-4266/3/5/311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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13
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Simon C, Zukowski M, Weinfurter H, Zeilinger A. Feasible "Kochen-Specker" experiment with single particles. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2000; 85:1783-1786. [PMID: 10970613 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.85.1783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We present a simple experimental scheme which can be used to demonstrate an all-or-nothing-type contradiction between noncontextual hidden variables and quantum mechanics. The scheme, which is inspired by recent ideas by Cabello and Garcia-Alcaine, shows that even for a single particle, path and spin information cannot be predetermined in a noncontextual way.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Simon
- Institut fur Experimentalphysik, Universitat Wien, Boltzmanngasse 5, A-1090 Wien, Austria
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Joobeur A, Saleh BE, Larchuk TS, Teich MC. Coherence properties of entangled light beams generated by parametric down-conversion: Theory and experiment. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1996; 53:4360-4371. [PMID: 9913410 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.53.4360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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15
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Pittman TB, Strekalov DV, Klyshko DN, Rubin MH, Sergienko AV, Shih YH. Two-photon geometric optics. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1996; 53:2804-2815. [PMID: 9913196 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.53.2804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
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16
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Monken CH, Garuccio A, Branning D, Torgerson JR, Narducci F, Mandel L. Generating mutual coherence from incoherence with the help of a phase-conjugate mirror. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1996; 53:1782-1785. [PMID: 9913072 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.53.1782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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17
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Bogár P, Bergou JA. Entanglement of atomic beams: Tests of complementarity and other applications. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1996; 53:49-52. [PMID: 9912859 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.53.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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18
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Larchuk TS, Teich MC, Saleh BE. Nonlocal cancellation of dispersive broadening in Mach-Zehnder interferometers. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1995; 52:4145-4154. [PMID: 9912731 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.52.4145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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19
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Ryff LC. Changing the relative amplitudes of wave packets to induce nonlocal effects. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1995; 51:79-83. [PMID: 9911558 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.51.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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20
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Koashi M, Kono K, Matsuoka M, Hirano T. Probing the two-photon phase coherence of parametrically down-converted photons by a local oscillator. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1994; 50:R3605-R3608. [PMID: 9911444 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.50.r3605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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21
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Munro WJ, Reid MD. Multiparticle and higher-spin tests of quantum mechanics using parametric down-conversion. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1994; 50:3661-3681. [PMID: 9911332 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.50.3661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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22
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Joobeur A, Saleh BE, Teich MC. Spatiotemporal coherence properties of entangled light beams generated by parametric down-conversion. PHYSICAL REVIEW A 1994; 50:3349-3361. [PMID: 9911284 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.50.3349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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23
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Andrews R, Pike ER, Sarkar S. Effective nonlinear susceptibilities in the quantum theory of parametric down-conversion. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1994; 50:2615-2620. [PMID: 9911182 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.50.2615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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24
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Kauranen M, Gaeta AL, Boyd RW, Agarwal GS. Amplification of vacuum fluctuations by two-beam coupling in atomic vapors. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1994; 50:R929-R932. [PMID: 9911110 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.50.r929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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25
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Zukowski M, Zeilinger A, Horne MA, Ekert AK. "Event-ready-detectors" Bell experiment via entanglement swapping. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1993; 71:4287-4290. [PMID: 10055208 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.71.4287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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26
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Ryff LC. Franson's experiment using polarized photons. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1993; 48:1020-1022. [PMID: 9909700 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.48.1020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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27
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Munro WJ, Reid MD. Violation of Bell's inequality by macroscopic states generated via parametric down-conversion. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1993; 47:4412-4421. [PMID: 9909449 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.47.4412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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28
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Ou ZY, Pereira SF, Kimble HJ. Realization of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox for continuous variables in nondegenerate parametric amplification. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00325015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Tanas R, Gantsog T. Phase properties of fields generated in a multiphoton down-converter. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1992; 45:5031-5038. [PMID: 9907587 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.45.5031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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30
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Franson JD. Nonlocal cancellation of dispersion. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1992; 45:3126-3132. [PMID: 9907348 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.45.3126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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31
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Rarity JG, Tapster PR. Fourth-order interference effects at large distances. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1992; 45:2052-2056. [PMID: 9907196 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.45.2052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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32
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Barbosa GA, Monken CH. Enhancing the sub-Poissonian character of a light beam from the down-conversion luminescence. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1991; 67:3372-3375. [PMID: 10044717 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.67.3372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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33
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Franson JD. Two-photon interferometry over large distances. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1991; 44:4552-4555. [PMID: 9906495 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.44.4552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Penin AN, Sergienko AV. Absolute standardless calibration of photodetectors based on quantum two-photon fields. APPLIED OPTICS 1991; 30:3582-3588. [PMID: 20706429 DOI: 10.1364/ao.30.003582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A new method of absolute calibration of photodetectors based on a nonclassical effect in nonlinear optics is discussed. The combined influence of a monochromatic flux of pump photons and quantum vacuum noise on a nonlinear crystal with no center of symmetry results in the appearance of rigorously correlated pairs of photons with continuous spectral distribution in the spontaneous parametric scattering of light (spontaneous parametric downconversion) process. The presence of an optical field in a broad spectral range created by the two-photon states (biphotons) makes it possible to develop a new method of measuring the spectral distribution of the absolute value of the quantum efficiency of photodetectors, both in photon counting and in analog regimes, that does not use any calibrated standard light sources (étalons). The feasibility of the method is demonstrated on different types of photomultiplier tube.
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Mertz J, Debuisschert T, Heidmann A, Fabre C, Giacobino E. Improvements in the observed intensity correlation of optical parametric oscillator twin beams. OPTICS LETTERS 1991; 16:1234-1236. [PMID: 19776929 DOI: 10.1364/ol.16.001234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We report an observed quantum noise reduction of 86% (8.5 dB) near 3 MHz in the intensity difference between the twin beams generated by a nondegenerate type II optical parametric oscillator operating above threshold.
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Abdalla MS. Statistical properties of a charged oscillator in the presence of a constant magnetic field. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1991; 44:2040-2047. [PMID: 9906172 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.44.2040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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37
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Franson JD. Violations of a simple inequality for classical fields. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1991; 67:290-293. [PMID: 10044851 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.67.290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Artoni M, Ortiz UP, Birman JL. Photocount distribution of two-mode squeezed states. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1991; 43:3954-3965. [PMID: 9905481 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.43.3954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Brendel J, Mohler E, Martienssen W. Time-resolved dual-beam two-photon interferences with high visibility. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1991; 66:1142-1145. [PMID: 10044006 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.66.1142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Wang LJ, Zou XY, Mandel L. Experimental test of the de Broglie guided-wave theory for photons. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1991; 66:1111-1114. [PMID: 10043998 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.66.1111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Rarity JG, Tapster PR, Walker JG, Seward S. Experimental demonstration of single photon rangefinding using parametric downconversion. APPLIED OPTICS 1990; 29:2939-2943. [PMID: 20567354 DOI: 10.1364/ao.29.002939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We exploit the coincidence properties of photon pairs created in spontaneous parametric fluorescence to perform a low light level rangefinding experiment. One photon of each pair is sent to the target, and the small fraction returned is delayed by the return trip time. This delay is measured using a multichannel coincidence counter with gate time down to 10 ns. With a few picowatts output power and a target return of 10(-4)we obtain 1-m resolution range estimates in a few seconds with low levels of background light. We discuss the potential of the technique for millimeter accuracy ranging (or surveying) in high ambient light levels.
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Drummond PD, Reid MD. Correlations in nondegenerate parametric oscillation. II. Below threshold results. PHYSICAL REVIEW A 1990; 41:3930-3949. [PMID: 9903567 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.41.3930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Vyas R, Singh S. Photon-counting statistics of the degenerate optical parametric oscillator. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, GENERAL PHYSICS 1989; 40:5147-5159. [PMID: 9902778 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.40.5147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Reid MD, Drummond PD. Correlations in nondegenerate parametric oscillation: Squeezing in the presence of phase diffusion. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, GENERAL PHYSICS 1989; 40:4493-4506. [PMID: 9902692 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.40.4493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Ou ZY, Wang LJ, Mandel L. Vacuum effects on interference in two-photon down conversion. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, GENERAL PHYSICS 1989; 40:1428-1435. [PMID: 9902277 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.40.1428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Reid MD. Demonstration of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox using nondegenerate parametric amplification. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, GENERAL PHYSICS 1989; 40:913-923. [PMID: 9902217 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.40.913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Shih YH, Alley CO. New type of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen-Bohm experiment using pairs of light quanta produced by optical parametric down conversion. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1988; 61:2921-2924. [PMID: 10039265 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.61.2921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Grangier P, Potasek MJ, Yurke B. Probing the phase coherence of parametrically generated photon pairs: A new test of Bell's inequalities. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, GENERAL PHYSICS 1988; 38:3132-3135. [PMID: 9900738 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.38.3132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Lane AS, Reid MD, Walls DF. Quantum analysis of intensity fluctuations in the nondegenerate parametric oscillator. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, GENERAL PHYSICS 1988; 38:788-799. [PMID: 9900443 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.38.788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Björk G, Yamamoto Y. Generation of nonclassical photon states using correlated photon pairs and linear feedforward. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, GENERAL PHYSICS 1988; 37:4229-4239. [PMID: 9899548 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.37.4229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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