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Abstract
The current status of numerical solutions for the equations of ideal general relativistic hydrodynamics is reviewed. With respect to an earlier version of the article, the present update provides additional information on numerical schemes, and extends the discussion of astrophysical simulations in general relativistic hydrodynamics. Different formulations of the equations are presented, with special mention of conservative and hyperbolic formulations well-adapted to advanced numerical methods. A large sample of available numerical schemes is discussed, paying particular attention to solution procedures based on schemes exploiting the characteristic structure of the equations through linearized Riemann solvers. A comprehensive summary of astrophysical simulations in strong gravitational fields is presented. These include gravitational collapse, accretion onto black holes, and hydrodynamical evolutions of neutron stars. The material contained in these sections highlights the numerical challenges of various representative simulations. It also follows, to some extent, the chronological development of the field, concerning advances on the formulation of the gravitational field and hydrodynamic equations and the numerical methodology designed to solve them. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL Supplementary material is available for this article at 10.12942/lrr-2003-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A. Font
- Departamento de Astronomía y Astrofísica Edificio de Investigación “Jeroni Muñoz”, Universidad de Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, E-46100 Valencia, Spain
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Abstract
Gravitational wave emission from stellar collapse has been studied for more than three decades. Current state-of-the-art numerical investigations of collapse include those that use progenitors with more realistic angular momentum profiles, properly treat microphysics issues, account for general relativity, and examine non-axisymmetric effects in three dimensions. Such simulations predict that gravitational waves from various phenomena associated with gravitational collapse could be detectable with ground-based and space-based interferometric observatories. This review covers the entire range of stellar collapse sources of gravitational waves: from the accretion induced collapse of a white dwarf through the collapse down to neutron stars or black holes of massive stars to the collapse of supermassive stars. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL Supplementary material is available for this article at 10.12942/lrr-2003-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris L. Fryer
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS B227, T-6, NM 87545 Los Alamos, New Mexico USA
| | - Kimberly C. B. New
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS T085, X-2, NM 87545 Los Alamos, New Mexico USA
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Abstract
The current status of numerical solutions for the equations of ideal general relativistic hydrodynamics is reviewed. Different formulations of the equations are presented, with special mention of conservative and hyperbolic formulations well-adapted to advanced numerical methods. A representative sample of available numerical schemes is discussed and particular emphasis is paid to solution procedures based on schemes exploiting the characteristic structure of the equations through linearized Riemann solvers. A comprehensive summary of relevant astrophysical simulations in strong gravitational fields, including gravitational collapse, accretion onto black holes and evolution of neutron stars, is also presented. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL Supplementary material is available for this article at 10.12942/lrr-2000-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A. Font
- Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 1, D-85740, Garching, Germany
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Mishra VK, Fai G, Csernai LP, Osnes E. Thermal properties of nuclear matter with a momentum-dependent effective interaction. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1993; 47:1519-1528. [PMID: 9968598 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.47.1519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Song HQ, Wang ZX, Kuo TT. Model-space Brueckner-Hartree-Fock approach for asymmetric nuclear matter. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1992; 46:1788-1796. [PMID: 9968298 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.46.1788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Csernai LP, Fai G, Gale C, Osnes E. Nuclear equation of state with momentum-dependent interactions. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1992; 46:736-747. [PMID: 9968171 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.46.736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Li GQ, Machleidt R, Brockmann R. Properties of dense nuclear and neutron matter with relativistic nucleon-nucleon interactions. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1992; 45:2782-2794. [PMID: 9968044 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.45.2782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Wang CS, Zhang DZ. Equation of state of cold nuclear matter extracted from nuclear masses by the droplet model. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1989; 40:2881-2884. [PMID: 9966298 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.40.2881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Saito K, Maruyama T, Soutome K. Collective modes in hot and dense matter. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1989; 40:407-431. [PMID: 9965993 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.40.407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Peilert G, Stöcker H, Greiner W, Rosenhauer A, Bohnet A, Aichelin J. Multifragmentation, fragment flow, and the nuclear equation of state. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1989; 39:1402-1419. [PMID: 9955348 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.39.1402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Sharma MM, Borghols WT, Brandenburg S, Crona S, Harakeh MN. Giant monopole resonance in Sn and Sm nuclei and the compressibility of nuclear matter. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1988; 38:2562-2572. [PMID: 9955099 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.38.2562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Abstract
Light from the brightest supernova in almost 400 years arrived at Earth on 23 February 1987. Although located 160,000 light years away in a satellite galaxy of our own known as the Large Magellanic Cloud, this supernova's relative proximity compared to all others that have been observed in modern times has allowed observations, which were never possible before, to be made from space, from detectors on the ground and carried by balloons and airplanes, and from neutrino detectors deep underground. What emerges is a greater understanding of one of the most violent events in the universe, the death of a massive star. For the most part, theoretical expectations have been borne out, but some major surprises have made the event all the more fascinating.
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Prakash M, Kuo TT. Momentum dependence, Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck calculations, and transverse momenta. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1988; 37:2253-2256. [PMID: 9954701 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.37.2253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Lee KS, Rhoades-Brown MJ, Heinz U. Quark-gluon plasma versus hadron gas. What one can learn from hadron abundances. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1988; 37:1452-1462. [PMID: 9954598 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.37.1452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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