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BRULEY J, WILLIAMS DB, CUOMO JJ, PAPPAS DP. Quantitative near-edge structure analysis of diamond-like carbon in the electron microscope using a two-window method. J Microsc 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2818.1995.tb03653.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Cuomo JJ, Bruley J, Doyle JP, Pappas DL, Saenger KL, Liu JC, Batson PE. The Effects of Substrate Conditions on the Microstructural Evolution of Thin Diamond-Like Films. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-202-247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACTWe report on a study of hard amorphous carbon thin films prepared by condensing streams of energetic carbon species, onto a range of substrates maintained at different temperatures. The carbon vapor is generated either by ion sputtering, laser ablation or e-beam evaporation. Spatially resolved electron-energy-loss spectra reveal variations in the films′ microstructure brought about by altering the deposition conditions. We estimate that the density of the different films varies between 2.0 and 3.26 g/cm3. We observe an evolution towards denser films upon increasing incident beam energy, reducing substrate temperature, and increasing substrate thermal conductivity. Low density films contain a predominance of trigonally bonded sp2-hybridized carbon (i.e graphitic carbon) and the highest density films contain a high fraction (∽ 80%) of tetr-ahedral sp3-bonded carbon (i.e. diamond-like).
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Robertson
- a National Power Laboratories , Leatherhead, Surrey , KT22 7SE , England
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Díaz J, Paolicelli G, Ferrer S, Comin F. Separation of the sp3 and sp2 components in the C1s photoemission spectra of amorphous carbon films. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 54:8064-8069. [PMID: 9984485 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.54.8064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Curro' G, Neri F, Mondio G, Compagnini G, Foti G. Optical constants of hydrogenated amorphous carbon in the range 0-100 eV. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 49:8411-8417. [PMID: 10009610 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.49.8411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Kheifets AS, Lower J, Nygaard KJ, Utteridge S, Vos M, Weigold E, Ritter AL. Measurement of the spectral momentum distribution of valence electrons in amorphous carbon by (e,2e) spectroscopy. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 49:2113-2120. [PMID: 10011017 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.49.2113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Tschentscher T, Schneider JR, Bell F. Two-dimensional electron-momentum densities from angular-correlation measurements of Compton scattering. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1993; 48:16965-16973. [PMID: 10008295 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.48.16965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Xiong F, Wang YY, Chang RP. Complex dielectric function of amorphous diamond films deposited by pulsed-excimer-laser ablation of graphite. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1993; 48:8016-8023. [PMID: 10006990 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.48.8016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Kelires PC. Structural properties and energetics of amorphous forms of carbon. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1993; 47:1829-1839. [PMID: 10006219 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.47.1829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Kelires PC. Short-range order and energetics of disordered silicon-carbon alloys. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1992; 46:10048-10061. [PMID: 10002844 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.46.10048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Kelires PC. Energetics and stability of diamondlike amorphous carbon. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1992; 68:1854-1857. [PMID: 10045237 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.68.1854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Gaskell PH, Saeed A, Chieux P, McKenzie DR. Neutron-scattering studies of the structure of highly tetrahedral amorphous diamondlike carbon. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1991; 67:1286-1289. [PMID: 10044107 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.67.1286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Galli G, Martin RM, Car R, Parrinello M. Ab initio calculation of properties of carbon in the amorphous and liquid states. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1990; 42:7470-7482. [PMID: 9994892 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.42.7470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Wang YY. Multiple scattering correction by a direct convolution method for electron energy loss spectrum. Ultramicroscopy 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/0304-3991(90)90107-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Sinha K, Menéndez J. First- and second-order resonant Raman scattering in graphite. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1990; 41:10845-10847. [PMID: 9993498 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.41.10845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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