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Lin ZK, Wu Y, Jiang B, Liu Y, Wu SQ, Li F, Jiang JH. Topological Wannier cycles induced by sub-unit-cell artificial gauge flux in a sonic crystal. NATURE MATERIALS 2022; 21:430-437. [PMID: 35314775 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-022-01200-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Gauge fields play a major role in understanding quantum effects. For example, gauge flux insertion into single unit cells is crucial towards detecting quantum phases and controlling quantum dynamics and classical waves. However, the potential of gauge fields in topological materials studies has not been fully exploited. Here, we experimentally demonstrate artificial gauge flux insertion into a single plaquette of a sonic crystal with a gauge phase ranging from 0 to 2π. We insert the gauge flux through a three-step process of dimensional extension, engineering a screw dislocation and dimensional reduction. Additionally, the single-plaquette gauge flux leads to cyclic spectral flows across multiple bandgaps that manifest as topological boundary states on the plaquette and emerge only when the flux-carrying plaquette encloses the Wannier centres. We termed this phenomenon as the topological Wannier cycle. This work paves the way towards sub-unit-cell gauge flux, enabling future studies on synthetic gauge fields and topological materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Kang Lin
- Institute of Theoretical and Applied Physics, School of Physical Science and Technology and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ying Wu
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Bin Jiang
- Institute of Theoretical and Applied Physics, School of Physical Science and Technology and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Theoretical and Applied Physics, School of Physical Science and Technology and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shi-Qiao Wu
- Institute of Theoretical and Applied Physics, School of Physical Science and Technology and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Feng Li
- Centre for Quantum Physics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China.
| | - Jian-Hua Jiang
- Institute of Theoretical and Applied Physics, School of Physical Science and Technology and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
- Key Lab of Advanced Optical Manufacturing Technologies of Jiangsu Province and Key Lab of Modern Optical Technologies of Ministry of Education, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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Nogaret A. Electron dynamics in inhomogeneous magnetic fields. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2010; 22:253201. [PMID: 21393794 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/22/25/253201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
This review explores the dynamics of two-dimensional electrons in magnetic potentials that vary on scales smaller than the mean free path. The physics of microscopically inhomogeneous magnetic fields relates to important fundamental problems in the fractional quantum Hall effect, superconductivity, spintronics and graphene physics and spins out promising applications which will be described here. After introducing the initial work done on electron localization in random magnetic fields, the experimental methods for fabricating magnetic potentials are presented. Drift-diffusion phenomena are then described, which include commensurability oscillations, magnetic channelling, resistance resonance effects and magnetic dots. We then review quantum phenomena in magnetic potentials including magnetic quantum wires, magnetic minibands in superlattices, rectification by snake states, quantum tunnelling and Klein tunnelling. The third part is devoted to spintronics in inhomogeneous magnetic fields. This covers spin filtering by magnetic field gradients and circular magnetic fields, electrically induced spin resonance, spin resonance fluorescence and coherent spin manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Nogaret
- Department of Physics, University of Bath, Bath, UK.
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Ye J. Random magnetic field and quasiparticle transport in the mixed state of high- Tc cuprates. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2001; 86:316-319. [PMID: 11177820 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.86.316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
By a singular gauge transformation, the quasiparticle transport in the mixed state of high- Tc cuprates is mapped into a charge-neutral Dirac moving in short-range correlated random scalar and long-range correlated vector potential. A fully quantum mechanical approach to longitudinal and transverse thermal conductivities is presented. The semiclassical Volovik effect is presented in a quantum mechanical way. The quasiparticle scattering from the random magnetic field which was completely missed in all the previous semiclassical approaches is the dominant scattering mechanism at sufficient high magnetic field. The implications for experiments are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ye
- Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
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Danckwerts M, Goni AR, Thomsen C, Eberl K, Rojo AG. Enhanced vortex damping by eddy currents in superconductor-semiconductor hybrids. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2000; 84:3702-3705. [PMID: 11019181 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.84.3702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/1999] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
An enhancement of vortex-motion damping in thin Pb/In superconducting films is obtained through coupling to an adjacent two-dimensional electron gas formed in a modulation-doped GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructure. This effect is observed by monitoring the power dissipation in the superconductor in the vortex state while increasing the density of the electron gas using a gate voltage. Quantitative agreement is found with calculations based on a viscous damping model which considers generation of eddy currents in the electron gas by moving flux lines. In the regime of filamentary vortex flow, eddy-current damping leads to a striking dissipation breakdown due to the stopping of entire vortex channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Danckwerts
- Institut fur Festkorperphysik, Technische Universitat Berlin, Hardenbergstrasse 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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Yakubo K, Goto Y. Localization of two-dimensional electrons in a random magnetic field. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 54:13432-13435. [PMID: 9985240 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.54.13432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Vergés JA. Wave-function and level statistics of random two-dimensional gauge fields. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 54:14822-14832. [PMID: 9985491 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.54.14822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Gusev GM, Gennser U, Kleber X, Maude DK, Portal JC, Lubyshev DI, Basmaji P, Silva M, Rossi JC, Nastaushev YV. Quantum interference effects in a strongly fluctuating magnetic field. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 53:13641-13644. [PMID: 9983110 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.53.13641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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8
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Mancoff FB, Zielinski LJ, Marcus CM, Campman K, Gossard AC. Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations in a two-dimensional electron gas in a spatially random magnetic field. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 53:R7599-R7602. [PMID: 9982276 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.53.r7599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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9
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Brown D, Band YB, Avishai Y. Magnetoresistance of two-dimensional mesoscopic structures: A variational approach. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 53:4855-4869. [PMID: 9984048 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.53.4855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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10
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Chaltikian K, Pryadko L, Zhang SC. Universal fluctuation of the Hall conductance in a random magnetic field. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1995; 52:R8688-R8691. [PMID: 9979927 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.52.r8688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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11
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Mancoff FB, Clarke RM, Marcus CM, Zhang SC, Campman K, Gossard AC. Magnetotransport of a two-dimensional electron gas in a spatially random magnetic field. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1995; 51:13269-13273. [PMID: 9978129 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.51.13269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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12
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Nielsen M, Hedegård P. Two-dimensional electron transport in the presence of magnetic flux vortices. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1995; 51:7679-7699. [PMID: 9977351 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.51.7679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Fal'ko VI. Conductance fluctuations in systems with random-magnetic-field scattering. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 50:17406-17410. [PMID: 9976144 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.50.17406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Bending SJ. Complete numerical description of nonlocal quantum diffusion in an array of magnetic-flux vortices. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 50:17621-17624. [PMID: 9976174 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.50.17621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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15
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Smith A, Taboryski R, Hansen LT, Sorensen CB, Hedegård P, Lindelof PE. Magnetoresistance of a two-dimensional electron gas in a random magnetic field. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 50:14726-14729. [PMID: 9975720 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.50.14726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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16
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Chang MC, Niu Q. Electron band structure in a two-dimensional periodic magnetic field. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 50:10843-10850. [PMID: 9975185 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.50.10843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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17
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Aronov AG, Mirlin AD, Wölfle P. Localization of charged quantum particles in a static random magnetic field. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 49:16609-16613. [PMID: 10010819 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.49.16609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Geim AK, Bending SJ, Grigorieva IV, Blamire MG. Ballistic two-dimensional electrons in a random magnetic field. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 49:5749-5752. [PMID: 10011544 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.49.5749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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19
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Stoddart ST, Bending SJ, Geim AK, Henini M. Quantum-resolved investigations of flux dynamics: Collective and single vortex effects. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1993; 71:3854-3857. [PMID: 10055090 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.71.3854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Constantinou NC. Interface optical phonons near perfectly conducting boundaries and their coupling to electrons. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1993; 48:11931-11935. [PMID: 10007535 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.48.11931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Kalmeyer V, Wei D, Arovas DP, Zhang S. Two-dimensional localization in the presence of random flux and the quantum Hall system at even-denominator filling fractions. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1993; 48:11095-11106. [PMID: 10007416 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.48.11095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Brey L, Fertig HA. Hall resistance of a two-dimensional electron gas in the presence of magnetic-flux tubes. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1993; 47:15961-15964. [PMID: 10006001 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.47.15961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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