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Kenzelmann M. Exotic magnetic states in Pauli-limited superconductors. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2017; 80:034501. [PMID: 28112100 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/80/3/034501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Magnetism and superconductivity compete or interact in complex and intricate ways. Here we review the special case where novel magnetic phenomena appear due to superconductivity, but do not exist without it. Such states have recently been identified in unconventional superconductors. They are different from the mere coexistence of magnetic order and superconductivity in conventional superconductors, or from competing magnetic and superconducting phases in many materials. We describe the recent progress in the study of such exotic magnetic phases, and articulate the many open questions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kenzelmann
- Laboratory for Scientific Developments and Novel Materials, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
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Schemm ER, Gannon WJ, Wishne CM, Halperin WP, Kapitulnik A. Observation of broken time-reversal symmetry in the heavy-fermion superconductor UPt3. Science 2014; 345:190-3. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1248552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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3
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Gurevich A, Kogan VG. Effect of fluctuations on vortex lattice structural transitions in superconductors. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2001; 87:177009. [PMID: 11690302 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.87.177009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The rhombic-to-square transition field H(square)(T) for cubic and tetragonal materials in fields along [001] is evaluated using the nonlocal London theory with the account of thermal vortex fluctuations. Unlike extended Ginzburg-Landau models, our approach shows that the line H(square)(T) and the upper critical field H(c2)(T) do not cross due to strong fluctuations near H(c2)(T) which suppress the square anisotropy induced by the nonlocality. In increasing fields, fluctuations cause a reentrance of the rhombic vortex lattice, in agreement with recent neutron scattering data on borocarbides.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gurevich
- Applied Superconductivity Center University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
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Miranovic P, Kogan VG. Elastic moduli of vortex lattices within nonlocal London model. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2001; 87:137002. [PMID: 11580617 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.87.137002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Vortex lattice (VL) elastic response is analyzed within the nonlocal London model which holds for high-kappa clean superconductors. The squash modulus vanishes at the field H( square) where VL undergoes a square-to-rhombus transition. For H>H( square), where the square VL is stable, the rotation modulus turns zero at H = H(r), indicating VL instability to rotations. The shear modulus depends on the shear direction; the dependence is strong in the vicinity of H( square) where the square VL is soft with respect to the shear along [110]. The H dependences of the moduli are evaluated for LuNi(2)B(2)C.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Miranovic
- Department of Physics, University of Montenegro, P.O. Box 211, Podgorica, Yugoslavia
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Champel T, Mineev VP. Theory of equilibrium flux lattice in UPt3 under magnetic field parallel to hexagonal crystal axis. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2001; 86:4903-4906. [PMID: 11384377 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.86.4903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We investigate Abrikosov lattice structures in the unconventional superconductor UPt (3) under magnetic field parallel to the hexagonal crystal axis. Only the two-dimensional E2 superconducting state among the many other states of different symmetry is compatible with the recent observation [A. Huxley et al., Nature (London) 406, 160 (2000)] of the flux lattice in the A phase misaligned with crystallographic directions. It is shown that the inequality of the London penetration depths in the basal plane directions resulting from the superposition of hexagonal crystal and superconducting state anisotropies leads for E2 to a slightly distorted triangular flux lattice.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Champel
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, DRFMC/SPSMS, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble, France
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Kalvius G, Noakes D, Hartmann O. Chapter 206 μSR studies of rare-earth and actinide magnetic materials. HANDBOOK ON THE PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF RARE EARTHS 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0168-1273(01)32005-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
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Realignment of the flux-line lattice by a change in the symmetry of superconductivity in UPt3. Nature 2000; 406:160-4. [PMID: 10910349 DOI: 10.1038/35018020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In 1957, Abrikosov described how quanta of magnetic flux enter the interior of a bulk type II superconductor. It was subsequently predicted that, in an isotropic superconductor, the repulsive forces between the flux lines would cause them to order in two dimensions, forming a hexagonal lattice. Flux-line lattices with different geometry can also be found in conventional (type II) superconductors; however, the ideal hexagonal lattice structure should always occur when the magnetic field is applied along a hexagonal crystal direction. Here we report measurements of the orientation of the flux-line lattice in the heavy-fermion superconductor UPt3, for this special case. As the temperature is increased, the hexagonal lattice, which is initially aligned along the crystal symmetry directions, realigns itself with the anisotropic superconducting gap. The superconductivity in UPt3 is unusual (even compared to unconventional oxide superconductors) because the superconducting gap has a lower rotational symmetry than the crystal structure. This special feature enables our data to demonstrate clearly the link between the microscopic symmetry of the superconductivity and the mesoscopic physics of the flux-line lattice. Moreover, our observations provide a stringent test of the theoretical description of the unconventional superconductivity in UPt3.
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Eskildsen MR, Harada K, Gammel PL, Abrahamsen AB, Andersen NH, Ernst G, Ramirez AP, Bishop DJ, Mortensen K, Naugle DG, Rathnayaka KDD, Canfield PC. Intertwined symmetry of the magnetic modulation and the flux-line lattice in the superconducting state of TmNi2B2C. Nature 1998. [DOI: 10.1038/30447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Schmalian J, Hübner W. Nonlinear magneto-optical response of s- and d-wave superconductors. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 53:11860-11867. [PMID: 9982816 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.53.11860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Zhitomirsky ME, Ueda K. Phase diagram of the unconventional superconductor UPt3 in the weak-crystal-field model. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 53:6591-6604. [PMID: 9982061 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.53.6591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Forgan EM, Lee SL. Comment on "Vortex lattice symmetry and electronic structure in YBa2Cu3O7". PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1995; 75:1422. [PMID: 10060291 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.75.1422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Isaacs ED, Zschack P, Broholm CL, Burns C, Aeppli G, Ramirez AP, Palstra TT, Erwin RW, Stücheli N, Bucher E. Antiferromagnetism and its relation to the superconducting phases of UPt3. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1995; 75:1178-1181. [PMID: 10060225 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.75.1178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Hess HF, Murray CA, Waszczak JV. Flux lattice and vortex structure in 2H-NbSe2 in inclined fields. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 50:16528-16540. [PMID: 9976040 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.50.16528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Heil J, Jansen AG, Wyder P, Deltour R, Assmus W, Menovsky A, Sun W, Taillefer L. Andreev reflections on heavy-fermion superconductors. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1994; 72:2278-2281. [PMID: 10055834 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.72.2278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Gammel PL, Huse DA, Kleiman RN, Batlogg B, Oglesby CS, Bucher E, Bishop DJ, Mason TE, Mortensen K. Small angle neutron scattering study of the magnetic flux-line lattice in single crystal 2H-NbSe2. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1994; 72:278-281. [PMID: 10056104 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.72.278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Garg A, Chen DC. Two-order-parameter theory of the phase diagram of superconducting UPt3. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 49:479-493. [PMID: 10009308 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.49.479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Luke GM, Keren A, Le LP, Wu WD, Uemura YJ, Bonn DA, Taillefer L, Garrett JD. Muon spin relaxation in UPt3. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1993; 71:1466-1469. [PMID: 10055547 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.71.1466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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