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Abstract
We review oxygen K-edge X-ray absorption spectra of both molecules and solids. We start with an overview of the main experimental aspects of oxygen K-edge X-ray absorption measurements including X-ray sources, monochromators, and detection schemes. Many recent oxygen K-edge studies combine X-ray absorption with time and spatially resolved measurements and/or operando conditions. The main theoretical and conceptual approximations for the simulation of oxygen K-edges are discussed in the Theory section. We subsequently discuss oxygen atoms and ions, binary molecules, water, and larger molecules containing oxygen, including biomolecular systems. The largest part of the review deals with the experimental results for solid oxides, starting from s- and p-electron oxides. Examples of theoretical simulations for these oxides are introduced in order to show how accurate a DFT description can be in the case of s and p electron overlap. We discuss the general analysis of the 3d transition metal oxides including discussions of the crystal field effect and the effects and trends in oxidation state and covalency. In addition to the general concepts, we give a systematic overview of the oxygen K-edges element by element, for the s-, p-, d-, and f-electron systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Frati
- Inorganic
chemistry and catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, 3584CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Frank M. F. de Groot
- Inorganic
chemistry and catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, 3584CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
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2
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Püttner R, Ueda K. The angularly resolved O 1sion-yield spectrum of O2revisited. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:224302. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4971240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R. Püttner
- Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin-Dahlem, Germany
| | - K. Ueda
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
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3
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Feifel R, Velkov Y, Carravetta V, Angeli C, Cimiraglia R, Sałek P, Gel'mukhanov F, Sorensen SL, Piancaśtelli MN, De Fanis A, Okada K, Kitajima M, Tanaka T, Tanaka H, Ueda K. X-ray absorption and resonant Auger spectroscopy of O2 in the vicinity of the O 1s-->sigma* resonance: experiment and theory. J Chem Phys 2008; 128:064304. [PMID: 18282035 DOI: 10.1063/1.2831920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on an experimental and theoretical investigation of x-ray absorption and resonant Auger electron spectra of gas phase O(2) recorded in the vicinity of the O 1s-->sigma(*) excitation region. Our investigation shows that core excitation takes place in a region with multiple crossings of potential energy curves of the excited states. We find a complete breakdown of the diabatic picture for this part of the x-ray absorption spectrum, which allows us to assign an hitherto unexplained fine structure in this spectral region. The experimental Auger data reveal an extended vibrational progression, for the outermost singly ionized X (2)Pi(g) final state, which exhibits strong changes in spectral shape within a short range of photon energy detuning (0 eV>Omega>-0.7 eV). To explain the experimental resonant Auger electron spectra, we use a mixed adiabatic/diabatic picture selecting crossing points according to the strength of the electronic coupling. Reasonable agreement is found between experiment and theory even though the nonadiabatic couplings are neglected. The resonant Auger electron scattering, which is essentially due to decay from dissociative core-excited states, is accompanied by strong lifetime-vibrational and intermediate electronic state interferences as well as an interference with the direct photoionization channel. The overall agreement between the experimental Auger spectra and the calculated spectra supports the mixed diabatic/adiabatic picture.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Feifel
- Department of Physics, Uppsala University, Box 530, S-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden.
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4
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Feifel R, Tanaka T, Kitajima M, Tanaka H, De Fanis A, Sankari R, Karlsson L, Sorensen S, Piancastelli MN, Prümper G, Hergenhahn U, Ueda K. Probing the valence character of O 1s→Rydberg excited O2 by participator Auger decay measurements and partial ion yield spectroscopy following x-ray absorption. J Chem Phys 2007; 126:174304. [PMID: 17492860 DOI: 10.1063/1.2723745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The valence character of O 1s-->Rydberg excited O2 is investigated by means of participator Auger decay spectroscopy, performed at selected photon energies across the K-shell resonance region, and by means of partial ion yield x-ray absorption spectroscopy. For several of the excitation energies studied, the authors find substantial sigma*(4Sigmau-, 2Sigmau-) valence character being mixed with nssigma and npsigma (4Sigmau-, 2Sigmau-) Rydberg states. An experimental indication of a coupling between the channels associated with quartet and doublet ion cores is considered and discussed. New spectroscopic constants are derived for the singly ionized X 2Pig state of O2 based on the observation of at least 20 vibrational sublevels.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Feifel
- Department of Physics, Uppsala University, Box 530, SE-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
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5
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Hjelte I, Björneholm O, Carravetta V, Angeli C, Cimiraglia R, Wiesner K, Svensson S, Piancastelli MN. Constant-atomic-final-state filtering of dissociative states in the O1s→σ* core excitation in O2. J Chem Phys 2005; 123:64314. [PMID: 16122315 DOI: 10.1063/1.1995689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The below-threshold region in core-excited O2 is very complex, consisting of a multitude of exchange-split states with mixed molecular orbital-Rydberg character. We have investigated the nature of these intermediate states by resonant Auger spectroscopy. In particular, we have obtained constant-atomic-final-state yield curves for several atomic peaks in the electron decay spectra which are stemming from ultrafast dissociation. The relative intensity of Auger decay leading to atomic final states is considered a signature of the relative weight of the sigma* character. This method allows one to "filter out" intermediate states with dissociative character. Extensive calculations have been performed by multi-reference configuration interaction at different interatomic distances in order to evaluate the potential curves of the core-excited states and propose a qualitative description of the dissociative molecular dynamics. The calculations show that the core-excited states have a relevant admixture of excitations to orbitals with Rydberg character and excitations to the sigma* orbital with different spin couplings. A diabatization of the adiabatic potential curves shows that the coupling between Rydberg and sigma* diabatic states is very different at the different crossing points and ultrafast dissociation occurs more easily on the lowest sigma* diabatic potential curve. As a consequence, the observation of atomic peaks only in the lower-energy region of the absorption curve is well justified.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Hjelte
- Physics Department, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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6
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Sorensen S, Tanaka T, Feifel R, Eland J, Kitajima M, Tanaka H, Sankari R, De Fanis A, Piancastelli M, Karlsson L, Ueda K. Application of an atomic relaxation model for the interpretation of O1s to Rydberg excited Auger electron spectra of molecular oxygen. Chem Phys Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.09.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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7
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Piancastelli MN, Kivimäki A, Carravetta V, Cacelli I, Cimiraglia R, Angeli C, Wang H, Coreno M, de Simone M, Turri G, Prince KC. O 1s --> sigma* resonance in O2: inadequacy of only two exchange-split components. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2002; 88:243002. [PMID: 12059294 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.88.243002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The O 1s-->sigma* transition below the O K-edge in O2 has been investigated by absorption, constant ionic state (CIS) experiments, and extensive configuration interaction calculations. CIS scans of the three lowest-lying final states reached in resonant Auger decay provide a wealth of information on energy range, symmetry, and spin multiplicity of the intermediate states with sigma* character. We conclude that the identification of only two exchange-split components is inadequate because a complex manifold of states with sigma* character exists with no unique energy difference between related states.
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Affiliation(s)
- M N Piancastelli
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies and INFM, University Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
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8
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Stolte WC, Hansen DL, Piancastelli MN, Dominguez Lopez I, Rizvi A, Hemmers O, Wang H, Schlachter AS, Lubell MS, Lindle DW. Anionic photofragmentation of CO: a selective probe of core-level resonances. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2001; 86:4504-4507. [PMID: 11384269 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.86.4504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Anion-yield spectroscopy using x rays is shown to be a selective probe of molecular core-level processes, providing unique experimental verification of shape resonances. For CO, partial anion and cation yields are presented for photon energies near the C K edge. The O- yield exhibits features above threshold related only to doubly excited states, in contrast to cation yields which also exhibit pronounced structure due to the well-known sigma* shape resonance. Because the shape resonance is completely suppressed for O-, anion spectroscopy thus constitutes a highly selective probe, yielding information unobtainable with absorption or electron spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- W C Stolte
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154-4003, USA
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9
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Neeb M, Kivimäki A, Kempgens B, Köppe H, Maier K, Bradshaw A, Kosugi N. Partial electron yield spectrum of N2: doubly excited states at the K-shell threshold. Chem Phys Lett 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(00)00229-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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10
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Bjorneholm O, Bassler M, Ausmees A, Hjelte I, Feifel R, Wang H, Miron C, Piancastelli MN, Svensson S, Sorensen SL, Gel'mukhanov F, Agren H. Doppler splitting of In-flight auger decay of dissociating oxygen molecules: the localization of delocalized core holes. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2000; 84:2826-2829. [PMID: 11018952 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.84.2826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/1999] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
By exploiting the core-excitation-induced dissociation of O2, we find that the Auger emission exhibits a Doppler-like energy shift. We show this to be a manifestation of localization of the core hole and propose that the problem of core-hole localization versus delocalization in core-hole spectroscopies may be resolved by considering the nature of the measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Bjorneholm
- Department of Physics, Uppsala University, Box 530, S-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
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11
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High-resolution study of resonant decay following the O 1s → π∗ excitation(s) in CO2: evidence for an overlapping Rydberg transition. Chem Phys Lett 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(97)00665-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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12
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Ågren H, Yang L, Carravetta V, Pettersson LG. On the interpretation of the NEXAFS spectrum of molecular oxygen. Chem Phys Lett 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(96)00726-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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13
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Glans P, Gunnelin K, Skytt P, Guo J, Wassdahl N, Nordgren J, Ågren H, Gel'mukhanov FK, Warwick T, Rotenberg E. Resonant x-ray emission spectroscopy of molecular oxygen. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1996; 76:2448-2451. [PMID: 10060702 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.76.2448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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14
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Carroll TX, Coville M, Morin P, Thomas TD. Deexcitation electron spectroscopy of core‐excited NO as a function of excitation energy. J Chem Phys 1994. [DOI: 10.1063/1.467753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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15
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Yagishita A, Shigemasa E, Kosugi N. Observation of Rydberg-valence mixing in high-resolution symmetry-resolved oxygen K-edge spectra of O2. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1994; 72:3961-3964. [PMID: 10056344 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.72.3961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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16
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Kötzler J, Kaufmann M, Nakielski G, Behr R, Assmus W. Anisotropic dynamical scaling near the vortex-glass transition of twinned YBa2Cu3O7- delta. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1994; 72:2081-2084. [PMID: 10055783 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.72.2081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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