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Zhang AL, Gladilin V, Van de Vondel J, Moshchalkov VV, Ge JY. Tunable Noninteger Flux Quantum of Vortices in Superconducting Strips. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:7151-7157. [PMID: 35980177 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c02356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Flux quantization has been widely regarded as the hallmark of the macroscopic quantum state of superconductivity. However, practical design of superconductor devices exploiting finite size confinement effects may induce exotic phenomena, including nonquantized vortices. In our research, the magnetic flux of vortices has been studied in a series of superconducting strips as a function of the strip width and the penetration depth. In both circumstances, the observation using scanning Hall probe microscope (SHPM) displays a controlled evolution from singly quantized vortices to nonquantized ones. It is also found that the magnetic flux is immune to the flowing supercurrent. The simulations based on Ginzburg-Landau theory agree well with experimental results. The observed behavior of the vortex flux may open new perspectives for fundamental research and applications based on vortex matter, such as vortex-memory devices and magnetic field traps for ultracold atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Lei Zhang
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Vladimir Gladilin
- TQC, Universiteit Antwerpen, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Joris Van de Vondel
- Quantum Solid-State Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Victor V Moshchalkov
- Quantum Solid-State Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jun-Yi Ge
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
- Department of Physics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for High Temperature Superconductors, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
- Zhejiang Laboratory, Hangzhou 311100, China
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Brydon PMR, Iniotakis C, Manske D, Sigrist M. Functional superconductor interfaces from broken time-reversal symmetry. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 104:197001. [PMID: 20866991 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.104.197001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The breaking of time-reversal symmetry in a triplet superconductor Josephson junction is shown to cause a magnetic instability of the tunneling barrier. Using a Ginzburg-Landau analysis of the free energy, we predict that this novel functional behavior reflects the formation of an exotic Josephson state, distinguished by the existence of fractional flux quanta at the barrier. The crucial role of the orbital pairing state is demonstrated by studying complementary microscopic models of the junction. Signatures of the magnetic instability are found in the critical current of the junction.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M R Brydon
- Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
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Kuklov AB. Unconventional strongly interacting bose-einstein condensates in optical lattices. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2006; 97:110405. [PMID: 17025867 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.97.110405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Feschbach resonances in a non-s-wave channel of two-component bosonic mixtures can induce atomic Bose-Einstein condensates with a nonzero orbital momentum in the optical lattice, if one component is in the Mott insulator state and the other is not. Such non-s-wave condensates break the symmetry of the lattice and, in some cases, time-reversal symmetry. They can be revealed in specific absorption imaging patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Kuklov
- Department of Physics, CSI, CUNY-Staten Island, New York, New York 10314, USA
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Zhu JX, Ahn KH, Nussinov Z, Lookman T, Balatsky AV, Bishop AR. Elasticity-driven nanoscale electronic structure in superconductors. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2003; 91:057004. [PMID: 12906626 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.91.057004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The effects of long-range anisotropic elastic deformations on electronic structure in superconductors are analyzed within the framework of the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations. Cases of twin boundaries and isolated defects are considered as illustrations. We find that the superconducting order parameter is depressed in the regions where pronounced lattice-deformation occurs. The calculated local density of states suggests that the electronic structure is strongly modulated in response to lattice deformations, and propagates to longer distances. In particular, this allows the trapping of low-lying quasiparticle states around defects. Some of our predictions can be directly tested by scanning tunneling microscopy experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Xin Zhu
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
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Volovik GE. Monopoles and fractional vortices in chiral superconductors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2000; 97:2431-6. [PMID: 10716980 PMCID: PMC15946 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.97.6.2431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
I discuss two exotic objects that must be experimentally identified in chiral superfluids and superconductors. These are (i) the vortex with a fractional quantum number (N = 1/2 in chiral superfluids, and N = 1/2 and N = 1/4 in chiral superconductors), which plays the part of the Alice string in relativistic theories and (ii) the hedgehog in the;l field, which is the counterpart of the Dirac magnetic monopole. These objects of different dimensions are topologically connected. They form the combined object that is called a nexus in relativistic theories. In chiral superconductors, the nexus has magnetic charge emanating radially from the hedgehog, whereas the half-quantum vortices play the part of the Dirac string. Each half-quantum vortex supplies the fractional magnetic flux to the hedgehog, representing 1/4 of the "conventional" Dirac string. I discuss the topological interaction of the superconductor's nexus with the 't Hooft-Polyakov magnetic monopole, which can exist in Grand Unified Theories. The monopole and the hedgehog with the same magnetic charge are topologically confined by a piece of the Abrikosov vortex. Such confinement makes the nexus a natural trap for the magnetic monopole. Other properties of half-quantum vortices and monopoles are discussed as well, including fermion zero modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- G E Volovik
- Low Temperature Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, Box 2200, FIN-02015 HUT, Espoo, Finland
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Kirtley JR, Tsuei CC, Moler KA. Temperature Dependence of the Half-Integer Magnetic Flux Quantum. Science 1999; 285:1373-1375. [PMID: 10464089 DOI: 10.1126/science.285.5432.1373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The temperature dependence of the half-integer magnetic flux quantum effect in thin-film tricrystal samples of the high-critical-temperature cuprate superconductor YBa(2)Cu(3)O(7-delta) was measured and found to persist from a temperature of 0.5 kelvin through a critical temperature of about 90 kelvin, with no change in total flux. This result implies that d-wave symmetry pairing predominates in this cuprate, with a small component of time-reversal symmetry breaking, if any, over the entire temperature range.
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Affiliation(s)
- JR Kirtley
- IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Post Office Box 218, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA. Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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Pambianchi MS, Kwon C, Venkatesan T, Anlage SM. Surface impedance of YBa2Cu3O7/Y0.6Pr0.4Ba2Cu3O7 bilayers: Possible evidence for the proximity effect. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 54:15513-15517. [PMID: 9985620 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.54.15513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Mannhart J, Hilgenkamp H, Mayer B, Gerber C, Kirtley JR, Moler KA, Sigrist M. Generation of Magnetic Flux by Single Grain Boundaries of YBa2Cu3O7-x. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1996; 77:2782-2785. [PMID: 10062044 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.77.2782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Mettout B, Tolédano P, Lorman V. Unconventional s-Pairing Wave Superconductivity. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1996; 77:2284-2287. [PMID: 10061905 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.77.2284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Walker MB, Luettmer-Strathmann J. Josephson tunneling in high-Tc superconductors. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 54:588-601. [PMID: 9984295 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.54.588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Kawamura H, Li MS. Monte Carlo studies of the ordering of ceramic superconductors: Chiral-glass, orbital-glass, and nonlinear susceptibilities. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 54:619-636. [PMID: 9984298 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.54.619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Bahcall SR. Boundary effects and the order parameter symmetry of high-Tc superconductors. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1996; 76:3634-3637. [PMID: 10061017 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.76.3634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Kirtley JR, Tsuei CC, Rupp M, Sun JZ, Yu-Jahnes LS, Gupta A, Ketchen MB, Moler KA, Bhushan M. Direct imaging of integer and half-integer Josephson vortices in high-Tc grain boundaries. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1996; 76:1336-1339. [PMID: 10061695 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.76.1336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Koyama T, Tachiki M. Mixing of the order parameters with dx2-y2- and dxy-wave symmetry in d-wave superconductors. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 53:2662-2666. [PMID: 9983775 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.53.2662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Musaelian KA, Betouras J, Chubukov AV, Joynt R. Mixed-symmetry superconductivity in two-dimensional Fermi liquids. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 53:3598-3603. [PMID: 9983877 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.53.3598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Demler E, Zhang SC. Theory of the resonant neutron scattering of high-Tc superconductors. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1995; 75:4126-4129. [PMID: 10059821 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.75.4126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Tikofsky AM, Bailey DB. Gapless time-reversal-symmetry-breaking superconductivity. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1995; 52:9194-9196. [PMID: 9979958 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.52.9194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Kuklov AB. Subsurface correlations in the d-wave Josephson junction. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1995; 52:6729-6733. [PMID: 9981902 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.52.6729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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