1
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Mu Y, Yu J, Hu R, Wang CH, Cheng C, Hou BP. Ab initio study revealing remarkable oscillatory effects and negative differential resistance in the molecular device of silicon carbide chains. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:13265-13274. [PMID: 36924456 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp05677a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by the requirements of miniaturization and multifunction of molecular devices, we investigate the quantum transport properties of three unique molecular devices with silicon carbide chains bridging gold electrodes by an ab initio approach. The pronounced quantum effects, including the oscillation of charge, conductance, and current, together with the negative differential resistance (NDR), have been observed simultaneously over a wide region in the double-chain device. It changes the regular situation that these two effects usually emerge in single-chain systems at the same time. Inspections of the visible differences in the transport behaviors relevant to length and bias between the three devices further evidence that the interchain interaction and molecule-electrode coupling are decisive factors for achieving the quantum effects of oscillation and NDR. These two factors can improve electronic transport capability through enhancing transmission, strengthening the delocalization of frontier molecular orbitals, and reducing potential barriers. Our results not only lay a solid foundation for the application of silicon carbide chains in the miniaturized and multifunctional molecular devices with good performance, but also provide an efficient way to the continuing search for materials with multiple controllable quantum effects in nanoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Mu
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Jie Yu
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Rui Hu
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Cui-Hong Wang
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Cai Cheng
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Bang-Pin Hou
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China.
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2
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Moreira AC, Da Silva JC, Dias RP. Impurity absorption sites and parity effects: a deviation from Simmons's model in methylene bridges with an even number of carbons and its consequences in the conductance. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2023.114033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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3
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Xu W, Leary E, Hou S, Sangtarash S, González MT, Rubio‐Bollinger G, Wu Q, Sadeghi H, Tejerina L, Christensen KE, Agraït N, Higgins SJ, Lambert CJ, Nichols RJ, Anderson HL. Unusual Length Dependence of the Conductance in Cumulene Molecular Wires. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:8378-8382. [PMID: 31026371 PMCID: PMC6563095 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201901228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Cumulenes are sometimes described as "metallic" because an infinitely long cumulene would have the band structure of a metal. Herein, we report the single-molecule conductance of a series of cumulenes and cumulene analogues, where the number of consecutive C=C bonds in the core is n=1, 2, 3, and 5. The [n]cumulenes with n=3 and 5 have almost the same conductance, and they are both more conductive than the alkene (n=1). This is remarkable because molecular conductance normally falls exponentially with length. The conductance of the allene (n=2) is much lower, because of its twisted geometry. Computational simulations predict a similar trend to the experimental results and indicate that the low conductance of the allene is a general feature of [n]cumulenes where n is even. The lack of length dependence in the conductance of [3] and [5]cumulenes is attributed to the strong decrease in the HOMO-LUMO gap with increasing length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Xu
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordChemistry Research LaboratoryOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Edmund Leary
- Department of ChemistryDonnan and Robert Robinson LaboratoriesUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolL69 7ZDUK
- Surface Science Research CentreUniversity of LiverpoolOxford StreetLiverpoolL69 3BXUK
| | - Songjun Hou
- Department of PhysicsLancaster UniversityLancasterLA1 4YWUK
| | | | - M. Teresa González
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA)Calle Faraday 9, Campus Universitario de Cantoblanco28049MadridSpain
| | - Gabino Rubio‐Bollinger
- Departamento de Física de la Materia CondensadaIFIMAC and Instituto “Nicolás Cabrera”Universidad Autónoma de Madrid28049MadridSpain
| | - Qingqing Wu
- Department of PhysicsLancaster UniversityLancasterLA1 4YWUK
| | - Hatef Sadeghi
- Department of PhysicsLancaster UniversityLancasterLA1 4YWUK
| | - Lara Tejerina
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordChemistry Research LaboratoryOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | | | - Nicolás Agraït
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA)Calle Faraday 9, Campus Universitario de Cantoblanco28049MadridSpain
- Departamento de Física de la Materia CondensadaIFIMAC and Instituto “Nicolás Cabrera”Universidad Autónoma de Madrid28049MadridSpain
| | - Simon J. Higgins
- Department of ChemistryDonnan and Robert Robinson LaboratoriesUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolL69 7ZDUK
| | | | - Richard J. Nichols
- Department of ChemistryDonnan and Robert Robinson LaboratoriesUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolL69 7ZDUK
- Surface Science Research CentreUniversity of LiverpoolOxford StreetLiverpoolL69 3BXUK
| | - Harry L. Anderson
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordChemistry Research LaboratoryOxfordOX1 3TAUK
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4
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Xu W, Leary E, Hou S, Sangtarash S, González MT, Rubio‐Bollinger G, Wu Q, Sadeghi H, Tejerina L, Christensen KE, Agraït N, Higgins SJ, Lambert CJ, Nichols RJ, Anderson HL. Unusual Length Dependence of the Conductance in Cumulene Molecular Wires. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201901228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Xu
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordChemistry Research Laboratory Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Edmund Leary
- Department of ChemistryDonnan and Robert Robinson LaboratoriesUniversity of Liverpool Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
- Surface Science Research CentreUniversity of Liverpool Oxford Street Liverpool L69 3BX UK
| | - Songjun Hou
- Department of PhysicsLancaster University Lancaster LA1 4YW UK
| | - Sara Sangtarash
- Department of PhysicsLancaster University Lancaster LA1 4YW UK
| | - M. Teresa González
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA) Calle Faraday 9, Campus Universitario de Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Gabino Rubio‐Bollinger
- Departamento de Física de la Materia CondensadaIFIMAC and Instituto “Nicolás Cabrera”Universidad Autónoma de Madrid 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Qingqing Wu
- Department of PhysicsLancaster University Lancaster LA1 4YW UK
| | - Hatef Sadeghi
- Department of PhysicsLancaster University Lancaster LA1 4YW UK
| | - Lara Tejerina
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordChemistry Research Laboratory Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Kirsten E. Christensen
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordChemistry Research Laboratory Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Nicolás Agraït
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA) Calle Faraday 9, Campus Universitario de Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
- Departamento de Física de la Materia CondensadaIFIMAC and Instituto “Nicolás Cabrera”Universidad Autónoma de Madrid 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Simon J. Higgins
- Department of ChemistryDonnan and Robert Robinson LaboratoriesUniversity of Liverpool Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | | | - Richard J. Nichols
- Department of ChemistryDonnan and Robert Robinson LaboratoriesUniversity of Liverpool Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
- Surface Science Research CentreUniversity of Liverpool Oxford Street Liverpool L69 3BX UK
| | - Harry L. Anderson
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordChemistry Research Laboratory Oxford OX1 3TA UK
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5
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Liu SL, Wang BR, Ma QM, Xie Z. Stability of the V and Co atomic wires: a first-principles study. RSC Adv 2018; 8:41552-41560. [PMID: 35559304 PMCID: PMC9091949 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra07895e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We employ density-functional theory calculations plus pseudopotentials with the projector-augmented wave method to investigate the structural stability and electromagnetic characteristics of two infinite atomic wires made of vanadium (V) and cobalt (Co). We identify five stable V atomic wires and four stable Co atomic wires. The H structure of the V atomic wire shows semiconductor characteristics, and the other four structures show metallic properties. None of the V chains has magnetism. On the other hand, the four stable Co atomic wires have metal properties. The dimerized Co atomic chain is shown to be ferromagnetic with a maximum spin magnetic moment. We employ DFT calculations with the PAW method to investigate the structural stability and electromagnetic characteristics of two infinite atomic wires made of vanadium (V) and cobalt (Co).![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Lan Liu
- Department of Physics
- Tangshan Normal University
- Tangshan 063000
- China
- Department of Physics
| | - Bao-Ru Wang
- College of Science
- Hebei University of Science and Technology
- Shijiazhuang 050018
- China
| | - Qing-Min Ma
- Department of Physics
- Hebei Advanced Thin Film Laboratory
- Hebei Normal University
- Shijiazhuang 050024
- China
| | - Zun Xie
- Department of Physics
- Hebei Advanced Thin Film Laboratory
- Hebei Normal University
- Shijiazhuang 050024
- China
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Manjanath A, Roy A, Samanta A, Singh AK. Negative differential resistance in armchair silicene nanoribbons. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 28:275402. [PMID: 28557802 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aa75b6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Due to dimensional confinement of carriers and non-trivial changes in the electronic structure, novel tunable transport properties manifest in nanoscale materials. Here, we report using first-principles density functional theory and non-equilibrium Green's function formalism, the occurrence of negative differential resistance (NDR) in armchair silicene nanoribbons (ASNRs). Interestingly, NDR manifests only in pristine [Formula: see text] ASNRs, where [Formula: see text]. We show that the origin of such a novel transport phenomenon lies in the bias-induced changes in the density of states of this particular family of nanoribbons. With increasing width of the nanoribbons belonging to this family, the peak-to-valley ratios of current decrease due to the increase in the number of sub-bands leading to a reduction in NDR. NDR is possible not only in [Formula: see text] ASNRs, but also in mixed configurations of armchair and zigzag silicene nanoribbons. This universality of NDR along with its unprecedented width-induced tunability can be useful for silicene-based low-power logic and memory applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaditya Manjanath
- Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India. Centre for Nano Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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7
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Kwapiński T. Electronic properties of a quantum wire interacting with a surface: the role of periodically placed impurities. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2013; 25:415304. [PMID: 24060853 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/25/41/415304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The transmittance and density of states (DOS) of a quantum wire which is tunnel coupled to the underlying substrate are investigated theoretically using the retarded Green's function method. The wire is composed of periodically placed impurities with Coulomb interactions and is modeled by a tight-binding Hamiltonian within the mean-field approximation. For a given periodicity of impurities along the wire we observe energy gaps in the structure of DOS. These gaps disappear for a wire coupled with the substrate electrode with localized electrons which leads to a metal-insulator transition in the system. Our numerical studies reveal that the transmittance through the system strongly depends on whether or not the substrate electrons are localized.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kwapiński
- Institute of Physics, M Curie-Skłodowska University, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
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8
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Low-symmetry distortions in Extended Metal Atom Chains (EMACs): Origins and consequences for electron transport. Coord Chem Rev 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2012.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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9
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Ono T, Tsukamoto S, Egami Y, Fujimoto Y. Real-space calculations for electron transport properties of nanostructures. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2011; 23:394203. [PMID: 21921313 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/23/39/394203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Recent developments in the fabrication and investigation of conductors of atomic dimensions have stimulated a large number of experimental and theoretical studies on these nanoscale devices. In this paper, we introduce examples presenting the efficiencies and advantages of a first-principles transport calculation scheme based on the real-space finite-difference (RSFD) formalism and the overbridging boundary-matching (OBM) method. The RSFD method does not suffer from the artificial periodicity problems that arise in methods using plane-wave basis sets or the linear dependence problems that occur in methods using atomic basis sets. Moreover, the algorithm of the RSFD method is suitable for massively parallel computers and, thus, the combination of the RSFD and OBM methods enables us to execute first-principles transport calculations using large models. To demonstrate the advantages of this method, several applications of the transport calculations in various systems ranging from jellium nanowires to the tip and surface system of scanning tunneling microscopy are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Ono
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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10
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Abstract
The source-sink potential (SSP) model introduced previously [F. Goyer, M. Ernzerhof, and M. Zhuang, J. Chem. Phys. 126, 144104 (2007)] enables one to eliminate the semi-infinite contacts in molecular electronic devices (MEDs) in favor of complex potentials. SSP has originally been derived for independent electrons and extended to interacting two-electron systems subsequently [A. Goker, F. Goyer, and M. Ernzerhof, J. Chem. Phys. 129, 194901 (2008)]. Here we generalize SSP to N-electron systems and consider the impact of electron correlation on the transmission probability. In our correlated method for molecular conductors, the molecular part of the Hückel Hamiltonian of the original SSP is replaced by the Hubbard Hamiltonian. For the contacts, however, the single-electron picture is retained and they are assumed to be spin polarized. Using our method, we study electron transmission in molecular wires, cross-conjugated chains, as well as aromatic systems. We find that, for realistic values of the electron-electron repulsion parameter, correlation effects modify the transmission probability quantitatively, the qualitative features remain. However, we find subtle new effects in correlated MEDs, such as Coulomb drag, that are absent in uncorrelated systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francois Goyer
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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11
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Egami Y, Hirose K, Ono T. Time-saving first-principles calculation method for electron transport between jellium electrodes. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2010; 82:056706. [PMID: 21230618 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.82.056706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We present a time-saving simulator within the framework of the density functional theory to calculate the transport properties of electrons through nanostructures suspended between semi-infinite electrodes. By introducing the Fourier transform and preconditioning conjugate-gradient algorithms into the simulator, a highly efficient performance can be achieved in determining scattering wave functions and electron-transport properties of nanostructures suspended between semi-infinite jellium electrodes. To demonstrate the performance of the present algorithms, we study the conductance of metallic nanowires and the origin of the oscillatory behavior in the conductance of an Ir nanowire. It is confirmed that the s-d(z²) channel of the Ir nanowire exhibits the transmission oscillation with a period of two-atom length, which is also dominant in the experimentally obtained conductance trace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyuki Egami
- Nagasaki University Advanced Computing Center, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
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12
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Kwapiński T. Conductance oscillations and charge waves in zigzag shaped quantum wires. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2010; 22:295303. [PMID: 21399299 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/22/29/295303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Electron transport through a quantum wire (or coupled quantum dots) with time-dependent couplings between the nearest-neighbor and next-neighbor sites is studied by means of the evolution operator method and tight-binding Hamiltonian. Two geometries of a wire (linear and zigzag shaped) are considered in our calculations. Charge waves inside the wire and the conductance oscillation effect, i.e. the conductance as a function of the wire length, are analyzed. For a zigzag shaped wire with time-dependent couplings the conductance is characterized by a Fano-like resonance with many sideband peaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kwapiński
- Institute of Physics, M Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin, Poland.
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13
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KUMAR SANJEEV, SRIVASTAVA PANKAJ. STABILITY AND SIZE EFFECT ANALYSIS OF THIN MAGNESIUM NANOWIRES. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE 2010. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219581x10006521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The stability and size effect analysis of different isomeric structures of Mg n(n = 1–5) nanowires have been investigated by employing ab-initio approach. We have considered various geometrical structures up to five atoms to explore the minimum energy configuration. In the present study, we have calculated various physical properties in large energy interval for all structures. In particular, we have analyzed the effect of shape and size on these calculated values and investigated density of states (DOS) in four different ways to see the microscopic changes in their nature of peaks. We predict that five atom tetrahedral structure is stable having highest binding energy and DOS. The band structure calculations of all wires reflect the possibility of sufficient number of channels for quantum conduction and are metallic in character. In addition, we have also analyzed the effect of hydrogen adsorption on most stabilized geometrical structure of magnesium ( Mg ) nanowire which shows no evidence of better stability in comparison to pure Mg nanowires.
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Affiliation(s)
- SANJEEV KUMAR
- Department of Physics, BundelKhand University, Jhansi-284001, UP, India
| | - PANKAJ SRIVASTAVA
- Computational Nanoscience and Technology Laboratory (CNTL), ABV-Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management (ABV-IIITM), Gwalior-474010, MP, India
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14
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Khoo KH, Neaton JB, Son YW, Cohen ML, Louie SG. Negative differential resistance in carbon atomic wire-carbon nanotube junctions. NANO LETTERS 2008; 8:2900-2905. [PMID: 18710297 DOI: 10.1021/nl8017143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Negative differential resistance (NDR) was recently observed in carbon nanotube junctions just before breaking and hypothesized to arise from the formation of monatomic carbon wires in the junction. Motivated by these results, a first-principles scattering-state approach, based on density functional theory, is used to study the transport properties of carbon chains covalently connecting metallic carbon nanotube leads at finite bias. The I- V characteristics of short carbon chains are predicted to exhibit even-odd behavior, and NDR is found for both even and odd chain junctions in our calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khoong Hong Khoo
- Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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15
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Kwapiński T. Conductance oscillations of a quantum wire disturbed by an adatom. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2007; 19:176218. [PMID: 21690963 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/19/17/176218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The conductance through a quantum wire with a side-attached atom (adatom) is investigated using the tight-binding Hamiltonian and Green function method. The adatom can be coupled with one or more atoms and it disturbs the electron transport through the wire. Analytical formulae for the transmittance are obtained for the most probable connections. Also, conductance oscillations as a function of the wire length are studied for a disturbed wire. It is shown that the period of these oscillations remains unchanged in the presence of the adatom but the value of the conductance strongly depends on the adatom-wire couplings and the kind of connections of the adatom to the wire.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kwapiński
- Institute of Physics, M Curie-Skłodowska University, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
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16
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Wu SQ, Chen GZ, Zhu ZZ. Structural Stabilities and Electronic Structures of Ga Atomic Chains. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2006. [DOI: 10.1360/cjcp2006.19(3).219.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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17
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Gelin MF, Li Z, Kosov DS. Self-similarity of single-channel transmission for electron transport in nanowires. J Chem Phys 2006; 124:104703. [PMID: 16542093 DOI: 10.1063/1.2174959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate that the single-channel transmission in the resonance tunneling regime exhibits self-similarity as a function of the nanowire length and the energy of incident electrons. The self-similarity is used to design the nonlinear transformation of the nanowire length and energy which, on the basis of known values of transmission for a certain region on the energy-length plane, yields transmissions for other regions on this plane. Test calculations with a one-dimensional tight-binding model illustrate the described transformations. Density function theory based transport calculations of Na atomic wires confirm the existence of the self-similarity in the transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Gelin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.
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18
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Havu P, Havu V, Puska MJ, Hakala MH, Foster AS, Nieminen RM. Finite-element implementation for electron transport in nanostructures. J Chem Phys 2006; 124:054707. [PMID: 16468901 DOI: 10.1063/1.2162900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We have modeled transport properties of nanostructures using Green's-function method within the framework of the density-functional theory. The scheme is computationally demanding, so numerical methods have to be chosen carefully. A typical solution to the numerical burden is to use a special basis-function set, which is tailored to the problem in question, for example, the atomic-orbital basis. In this paper we present our solution to the problem. We have used the finite-element method with a hierarchical high-order polynomial basis, the so-called p elements. This method allows the discretation error to be controlled in a systematic way. The p elements work so efficiently that they can be used to solve interesting nanosystems described by nonlocal pseudopotentials. We demonstrate the potential of the implementation with two different systems. As a test system a simple Na-atom chain between two leads is modeled and the results are compared with several previous calculations. Secondly, we consider a thin hafnium dioxide (HfO2) layer on a silicon surface as a model for a gate structure of the next generation of microelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Havu
- Laboratory of Physics, Helsinki University of Technology-TKK, P.O. Box 1100, FIN-02015 TKK, Finland.
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19
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Kwapiński T. Conductance oscillations of a metallic quantum wire. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2005; 17:5849-5858. [PMID: 32397054 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/17/37/020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The electron transport through a monatomic metallic wire connected to leads is investigated using the tight-binding Hamiltonian and the Green function technique. Analytical formulae for the transmittance are derived and M-atom oscillations of the conductance versus the length of the wire are found. Maxima of the transmittance function versus the energy, for a wire consisting of N atoms, determine the (N+1) period of the conductance. The periods of conductance oscillations are discussed and the local and average quantum wire charges are presented. The average charge of the wire is linked with the period of the conductance oscillations and for M-atom periodicity there are possible (M-1) average occupations of the wire states.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kwapiński
- Institute of Physics and Nanotechnology Center, M Curie-Skłodowska University, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
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Tada T, Nozaki D, Kondo M, Hamayama S, Yoshizawa K. Oscillation of Conductance in Molecular Junctions of Carbon Ladder Compounds. J Am Chem Soc 2004; 126:14182-9. [PMID: 15506784 DOI: 10.1021/ja031736+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The electrical conductances of dithiolates of polyacene (PA(n)DTs) and polyphenanthrene (PPh(n)DTs), which are typical carbon ladder compounds, are calculated by means of the Landauer formulation combined with density functional theory, where n is the number of benzene rings involved. Surface Green function used in the Landauer formulation is calculated with the Slater-Koster parameters. Attention is turned to the wire-length dependence of the conductances of PA(n)DTs and PPh(n)DTs. The damping of conductance of PA(n)DTs is much smaller than that of PPh(n)DTs because of the small HOMO-LUMO gaps of PA(n)DTs. PA(n)DTs are thus good molecular wires for nanosized electronic devices. Conductance oscillation is found for both molecular wires when n is less than 7. The electrical conductance is enhanced in PA(n)DTs with even-numbered benzene rings, whereas it is enhanced in PPh(n)DTs with odd-numbered benzene rings. The observed conductance oscillation of PA(n)DTs and PPh(n)DTs is due to the oscillation of orbital energy and electron population. Other pi-conjugated oligomers (polyacetylene-DT, oligo(thiophene)-DT, oligo(meso-meso-linked zinc(II) porphyrin-butadiynylene)-DT, oligo(p-phenylethynylene)-DT, and oligo(p-phenylene)-DT) are also studied. In contrast to PA(n)DTs and PPh(n)DTs, the five molecular wires show ordinary exponential decays of conductance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomofumi Tada
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
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Abstract
Using the Landauer formula, the conductance of short gold wires is studied. The required electronic structure calculations are performed with a self-consistent tight-binding method. We consider gold wires of single-atom diameter with a variable number (N=1, em leader,5) of atoms. Depending on N, we find considerable conductance variations with one conductance quantum being the upper limit. The results are confirmed by means of Friedel's sum rule. Tip-shaped clusters are used to provide the contact-wire interfaces and the relation between various tip structures and the conductance is discussed. Our predictions about the conductance variations agree qualitatively with new experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhuang
- Departement de Chimie, Universite de Montreal, C.P. 6128 Succursale A, Montreal, Quebec, H3C 3J7 Canada
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22
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Thygesen KS, Jacobsen KW. Four-atom period in the conductance of monatomic Al wires. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2003; 91:146801. [PMID: 14611543 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.91.146801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We present first-principles calculations based on density functional theory for the conductance of monatomic Al wires between Al(111) electrodes. In contrast to the even-odd oscillations observed in other metallic wires, the conductance of the Al wires is found to oscillate with a period of four atoms as the length of the wire is varied. Although local charge neutrality can account for the observed period, it leads to an incorrect phase. We explain the conductance behavior using a resonant transport model based on the electronic structure of the infinite wire.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Thygesen
- Center for Atomic-scale Materials Physics, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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23
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Smit RHM, Untiedt C, Rubio-Bollinger G, Segers RC, van Ruitenbeek JM. Observation of a parity oscillation in the conductance of atomic wires. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2003; 91:076805. [PMID: 12935043 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.91.076805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Using a scanning tunnel microscope or mechanically controllable break junctions atomic contacts for Au, Pt, and Ir are pulled to form chains of atoms. We have recorded traces of conductance during the pulling process and averaged these for a large number of contacts. An oscillatory evolution of conductance is observed during the formation of the monoatomic chain suggesting a dependence on the numbers of atoms forming the chain being even or odd. This behavior is not only observed for the monovalent metal Au, as was predicted, but is also found for the other chain-forming metals, suggesting it to be a universal feature of atomic wires.
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Affiliation(s)
- R H M Smit
- Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratorium, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, NL-2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
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24
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Effects of structural relaxation on resistance of Na atomic chains. E-JOURNAL OF SURFACE SCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2003. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2003.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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