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Chang YW, Jin BY. Theory of charge transport in molecular junctions: Role of electron correlation. J Chem Phys 2017; 146:134113. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4979622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Wen Chang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Emerging Material and Advanced Devices and Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Bih-Yaw Jin
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Emerging Material and Advanced Devices and Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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2
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Chang YW, Jin BY. Theory of charge transport in molecular junctions: From Coulomb blockade to coherent tunneling. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:064111. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4892058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Wen Chang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Emerging Material and Advanced Devices and Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Bih-Yaw Jin
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Emerging Material and Advanced Devices and Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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3
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Markussen T, Settnes M, Thygesen KS. Robust conductance of dumbbell molecular junctions with fullerene anchoring groups. J Chem Phys 2012; 135:144104. [PMID: 22010695 DOI: 10.1063/1.3646510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The conductance of a molecular wire connected to metallic electrodes is known to be sensitive to the atomic structure of the molecule-metal contact. This contact is to a large extent determined by the anchoring group linking the molecular wire to the metal. It has been found experimentally that a dumbbell construction with C(60) molecules acting as anchors yields more well-defined conductances as compared to the widely used thiol anchoring groups. Here, we use density functional theory to investigate the electronic properties of this dumbbell construction. The conductance is found to be stable against variations in the detailed bonding geometry and in good agreement with the experimental value of G=3×10(-4) G(0). Electron tunneling across the molecular bridge occurs via the lowest unoccupied orbitals of C(60) which are pinned close to the Fermi energy due to partial charge transfer. Our findings support the original motivation to achieve conductance values more stable towards changes in the structure of the molecule-metal contact leading to larger reproducibility in experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Troels Markussen
- Center for Atomic-scale Materials Design (CAMD), Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
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4
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Jacob D, Palacios JJ. Critical comparison of electrode models in density functional theory based quantum transport calculations. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:044118. [PMID: 21280698 DOI: 10.1063/1.3526044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We study the performance of two different electrode models in quantum transport calculations based on density functional theory: parametrized Bethe lattices and quasi-one-dimensional wires or nanowires. A detailed account of implementation details in both the cases is given. From the systematic study of nanocontacts made of representative metallic elements, we can conclude that the parametrized electrode models represent an excellent compromise between computational cost and electronic structure definition as long as the aim is to compare with experiments where the precise atomic structure of the electrodes is not relevant or defined with precision. The results obtained using parametrized Bethe lattices are essentially similar to the ones obtained with quasi-one-dimensional electrodes for large enough cross-sections of these, adding a natural smearing to the transmission curves that mimics the true nature of polycrystalline electrodes. The latter are more demanding from the computational point of view, but present the advantage of expanding the range of applicability of transport calculations to situations where the electrodes have a well-defined atomic structure, as is the case for carbon nanotubes, graphene nanoribbons, or semiconducting nanowires. All the analysis is done with the help of codes developed by the authors which can be found in the quantum transport toolbox ALACANT and are publicly available.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Jacob
- Max-Planck-Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, Weinberg 2, 06120 Halle, Germany.
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5
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Wang G, Kim TW, Lee T. Electrical transport characteristics through molecular layers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1jm12702k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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6
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Mera H, Niquet YM. Are Kohn-Sham conductances accurate? PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 105:216408. [PMID: 21231333 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.216408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We use Fermi-liquid relations to address the accuracy of conductances calculated from the single-particle states of exact Kohn-Sham (KS) density functional theory. We demonstrate a systematic failure of this procedure for the calculation of the conductance, and show how it originates from the lack of renormalization in the KS spectral function. In certain limits this failure can lead to a large overestimation of the true conductance. We also show, however, that the KS conductances can be accurate for single-channel molecular junctions and systems where direct Coulomb interactions are strongly dominant.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Mera
- CEA-UJF, Institute for Nanosciences and Cryogenics, SP2M/L_Sim, 38054, Grenoble, Cedex 9, France
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Dash LK, Ness H, Godby RW. Nonequilibrium electronic structure of interacting single-molecule nanojunctions: Vertex corrections and polarization effects for the electron-vibron coupling. J Chem Phys 2010; 132:104113. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3339390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L K Dash
- Department of Physics, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom.
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García Y. Influence of CO in the structural and electrical properties of Pt nanocontacts: comparison with H2 molecule addition. J Chem Phys 2009; 131:014702. [PMID: 19586112 DOI: 10.1063/1.3158606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Density-functional theory is used to determine the atomic structure and the zero-bias conductance of Pt nanocontacts upon CO addition. Three stable atomic configurations of the nanocontacts, in conjunction with a statistical analysis of their electrical response, are enough to explain the main features of the experimental conductance histograms. Remarkably, the role of nonlocal effects when approaching the exchange-correlation potential within density-functional theory turns out to be crucial for CO molecular-based systems. Finally, a comparison with H(2) molecule addition on Pt nanocontacts is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y García
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales, Universidad de Valencia, E-46071 Valencia, Spain.
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9
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Subotnik JE, Hansen T, Ratner MA, Nitzan A. Nonequilibrium steady state transport via the reduced density matrix operator. J Chem Phys 2009; 130:144105. [PMID: 19368427 DOI: 10.1063/1.3109898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
We present a very simple model for numerically describing the steady state dynamics of a system interacting with continua of states representing a bath. Our model can be applied to equilibrium and nonequilibrium problems. For a one-state system coupled to two free electron reservoirs, our results match the Landauer formula for current traveling through a molecule. More significantly, we can also predict the nonequilibrium steady state population on a molecule between two out-of-equilibrium contacts. While the method presented here is for one-electron Hamiltonians, we outline how this model may be extended to include electron-electron interactions and correlations, an approach which suggests a connection between the conduction problem and the electronic structure problem.
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Jacob D, Haule K, Kotliar G. Kondo effect and conductance of nanocontacts with magnetic impurities. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 103:016803. [PMID: 19659166 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.016803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We study the impact of dynamical correlations on the electronic structure and coherent transport properties of Cu nanocontacts hosting a single magnetic impurity (Ni, Co, Fe) in the contact region. The strong dynamical correlations of the impurity 3d electrons are fully taken into account by combining density-functional calculations with a dynamical treatment of the impurity 3d shell in the one-crossing approximation. We find that dynamical correlations give rise to the Kondo effect and lead to Fano features in the coherent transport characteristics similar to those observed in related experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Jacob
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Rutgers University, 136 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA.
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11
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Verstraete MJ, Bokes P, Godby RW. First-principles conductance of nanoscale junctions from the polarizability of finite systems. J Chem Phys 2009; 130:124715. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3096912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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12
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Subotnik JE, Nitzan A. Multibody scattering, correlation, molecular conduction, and the 0.7 anomaly. J Chem Phys 2008; 129:144107. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2988495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Beste A, Meunier V, Harrison RJ. Electron transport in open systems from finite-size calculations: Examination of the principal layer method applied to linear gold chains. J Chem Phys 2008; 128:154713. [PMID: 18433264 DOI: 10.1063/1.2905219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe the occurrence of computational artifacts when the principal layer method is used in combination with the cluster approximation for the calculation of electronic transport properties of nanostructures. For a one-dimensional gold chain, we observe an unphysical band in the band structure. The artificial band persists for large principal layers and for large buffer sizes. We demonstrate that the assumption of equality between Hamiltonian elements of neighboring layers is no longer valid and that a discontinuity is introduced in the potential at the layer transition. The effect depends on the basis set. When periodic boundary conditions are imposed and the k-space sampling is converged, the discontinuity disappears and the principal layer method can be correctly applied by using a linear combination of atomic orbitals as basis set.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariana Beste
- Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6367, USA.
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Calzolari A, Alexandre SS, Zamora F, Di Felice R. Metallicity in Individual MMX Chains. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:5552-62. [DOI: 10.1021/ja800358c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arrigo Calzolari
- National Center on nanoStructures and bioSystems at Surfaces (S3) of INFM-CNR, Via Campi 213/A, 41100 Modena, Italy, Departamento de Fisica, ICEx, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, C.P. 702, 30123-970-Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil, and Departamento de Química Inorgánica C-VIII, Universidad Autónoma, ES-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Simone S. Alexandre
- National Center on nanoStructures and bioSystems at Surfaces (S3) of INFM-CNR, Via Campi 213/A, 41100 Modena, Italy, Departamento de Fisica, ICEx, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, C.P. 702, 30123-970-Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil, and Departamento de Química Inorgánica C-VIII, Universidad Autónoma, ES-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Felix Zamora
- National Center on nanoStructures and bioSystems at Surfaces (S3) of INFM-CNR, Via Campi 213/A, 41100 Modena, Italy, Departamento de Fisica, ICEx, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, C.P. 702, 30123-970-Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil, and Departamento de Química Inorgánica C-VIII, Universidad Autónoma, ES-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Di Felice
- National Center on nanoStructures and bioSystems at Surfaces (S3) of INFM-CNR, Via Campi 213/A, 41100 Modena, Italy, Departamento de Fisica, ICEx, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, C.P. 702, 30123-970-Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil, and Departamento de Química Inorgánica C-VIII, Universidad Autónoma, ES-28049 Madrid, Spain
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15
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Kim WY, Kim KS. Carbon nanotube, graphene, nanowire, and molecule-based electron and spin transport phenomena using the nonequilibrium Green's function method at the level of first principles theory. J Comput Chem 2008; 29:1073-83. [DOI: 10.1002/jcc.20865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Quek SY, Venkataraman L, Choi HJ, Louie SG, Hybertsen MS, Neaton JB. Amine-gold linked single-molecule circuits: experiment and theory. NANO LETTERS 2007; 7:3477-82. [PMID: 17900162 DOI: 10.1021/nl072058i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 262] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
A combination of theory and experiment is used to quantitatively understand the conductance of single-molecule benzenediamine-gold junctions. A newly developed analysis is applied to a measured junction conductance distribution, based on 59 000 individual conductance traces, which has a clear peak at 0.0064 G0 and a width of +/-47%. This analysis establishes that the distribution width originates predominantly from variations in conductance across different junctions rather than variations in conductance during junction elongation. Conductance calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) for 15 distinct junction geometries show a similar spread. We show explicitly that differences in local structure have a limited influence on conductance because the amine-Au bonding motif is well-defined and flexible, explaining the narrow distributions seen in the experiments. The minimal impact of junction structure on conductance permits an unambiguous comparison of calculated and measured conductance values and a direct assessment of the widely used DFT theoretical framework. The average calculated conductance (0.046 G0) is found to be seven times larger than experiment. This discrepancy is explained quantitatively in terms of electron correlation effects to the molecular level alignments in the junction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Ying Quek
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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Calzolari A, Ferretti A, Nardelli MB. Ab initio correlation effects on the electronic and transport properties of metal(II)-phthalocyanine-based devices. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2007; 18:424013. [PMID: 21730446 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/18/42/424013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Using first-principles calculations in the framework of density functional theory, we investigated the electronic and transport properties of metal(II)-phthalocyanine (M(II)Pc) systems, both in a single-molecule configuration and in a model device geometry. In particular, using copper(II)-Pc and manganese(II)-Pc as prototypical examples, we studied how electronic correlations on the central metal ion influence the analysis of the electronic structure of the system and we demonstrated that the choice of the exchange-correlation functional, also beyond the standard local or gradient corrected level, is of crucial importance for a correct interpretation of the data. Finally, our electronic transport simulations have shown that M(II)Pc-based devices can act selectively as molecular conductors, as in the case of copper, or as spin valves, as in the case of manganese, demonstrating once more the great potential of these systems for molecular nanoelectronics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arrigo Calzolari
- INFM-CNR-S3 National Center on nanoStructures and bioSystems at Surfaces, I-41100 Modena, Italy
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18
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Thygesen KS, Rubio A. Nonequilibrium GW approach to quantum transport in nano-scale contacts. J Chem Phys 2007; 126:091101. [PMID: 17362093 DOI: 10.1063/1.2565690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Correlation effects within the GW approximation have been incorporated into the Keldysh nonequilibrium transport formalism. We show that GW describes the Kondo effect and the zero-temperature transport properties of the Anderson model fairly well. Combining the GW scheme with density functional theory and a Wannier function basis set, we illustrate the impact of correlations by computing the I-V characteristics of a hydrogen molecule between two Pt chains. Our results indicate that self-consistency is fundamental for the calculated currents, but that it tends to wash out satellite structures in the spectral function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristian S Thygesen
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
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Stefanucci G, Kurth S, Gross E, Rubio A. Chapter 10 Time-dependent transport phenomena. THEORETICAL AND COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1380-7323(07)80028-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Hou S, Ning J, Shen Z, Zhao X, Xue Z. Influences of the molecule–electrode interface structure on the conducting characteristics of the gold-4,4 bipyridine-gold molecular junction. Chem Phys 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2006.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Schnurpfeil A, Albrecht M. Charge Transport Properties of Molecular Junctions Built from Dithiol Polyenes. Theor Chem Acc 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-006-0125-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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22
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Submatrix inversion approach to the ab initio Green's function method for electrical transport. E-JOURNAL OF SURFACE SCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2006. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2006.484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Mühlbacher L, Ankerhold J, Komnik A. Nonequilibrium dynamics of correlated electron transfer in molecular chains. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2005; 95:220404. [PMID: 16384200 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.95.220404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The relaxation dynamics of correlated electron transport along molecular chains is studied based on a substantially improved numerically exact path integral Monte Carlo approach. As an archetypical model, we consider a Hubbard chain containing two interacting electrons coupled to a bosonic bath. For this generalization of the ubiquitous spin-boson model, non-Boltzmann equilibrium distributions are found for many-body states. By mapping the multiparticle dynamics onto an isomorphic single particle motion, this phenomenon is shown to be sensitive to particle statistics and, due to its robustness, allows for new control schemes in designed quantum aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Mühlbacher
- Physikalisches Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
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