1
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Pfau H, Daou R, Friedemann S, Karbassi S, Ghannadzadeh S, Küchler R, Hamann S, Steppke A, Sun D, König M, Mackenzie AP, Kliemt K, Krellner C, Brando M. Cascade of Magnetic-Field-Induced Lifshitz Transitions in the Ferromagnetic Kondo Lattice Material YbNi_{4}P_{2}. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 119:126402. [PMID: 29341652 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.126402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A ferromagnetic quantum critical point is thought not to exist in two- and three-dimensional metallic systems yet is realized in the Kondo lattice compound YbNi_{4}(P,As)_{2}, possibly due to its one-dimensionality. It is crucial to investigate the dimensionality of the Fermi surface of YbNi_{4}P_{2} experimentally, but common probes such as angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and quantum oscillation measurements are lacking. Here, we study the magnetic-field dependence of transport and thermodynamic properties of YbNi_{4}P_{2}. The Kondo effect is continuously suppressed, and additionally we identify nine Lifshitz transitions between 0.4 and 18 T. We analyze the transport coefficients in detail and identify the type of Lifshitz transitions as neck or void type to gain information on the Fermi surface of YbNi_{4}P_{2}. The large number of Lifshitz transitions observed within this small energy window is unprecedented and results from the particular flat renormalized band structure with strong 4f-electron character shaped by the Kondo lattice effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Pfau
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, D-01187 Dresden, Germany
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - R Daou
- Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, CRISMAT, 14000 Caen, France
| | - S Friedemann
- HH Wills Laboratory, University of Bristol, BS8 1TL Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - S Karbassi
- HH Wills Laboratory, University of Bristol, BS8 1TL Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - S Ghannadzadeh
- High Field Magnet Laboratory, University of Nijmegen, 6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - R Küchler
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, D-01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - S Hamann
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, D-01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - A Steppke
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, D-01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - D Sun
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, D-01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - M König
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, D-01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - A P Mackenzie
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, D-01187 Dresden, Germany
- Scottish Universities Physics Alliance (SUPA), School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews KY16 9SS, United Kingdom
| | - K Kliemt
- Physikalisches Institut, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - C Krellner
- Physikalisches Institut, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - M Brando
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, D-01187 Dresden, Germany
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2
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Tokiwa Y, Piening B, Jeevan HS, Bud’ko SL, Canfield PC, Gegenwart P. Super-heavy electron material as metallic refrigerant for adiabatic demagnetization cooling. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2016; 2:e1600835. [PMID: 27626073 PMCID: PMC5017822 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1600835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Low-temperature refrigeration is of crucial importance in fundamental research of condensed matter physics, because the investigations of fascinating quantum phenomena, such as superconductivity, superfluidity, and quantum criticality, often require refrigeration down to very low temperatures. Currently, cryogenic refrigerators with (3)He gas are widely used for cooling below 1 K. However, usage of the gas has been increasingly difficult because of the current worldwide shortage. Therefore, it is important to consider alternative methods of refrigeration. We show that a new type of refrigerant, the super-heavy electron metal YbCo2Zn20, can be used for adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration, which does not require (3)He gas. This method has a number of advantages, including much better metallic thermal conductivity compared to the conventional insulating refrigerants. We also demonstrate that the cooling performance is optimized in Yb1-x Sc x Co2Zn20 by partial Sc substitution, with x ~ 0.19. The substitution induces chemical pressure that drives the materials to a zero-field quantum critical point. This leads to an additional enhancement of the magnetocaloric effect in low fields and low temperatures, enabling final temperatures well below 100 mK. This performance has, up to now, been restricted to insulators. For nearly a century, the same principle of using local magnetic moments has been applied for adiabatic demagnetization cooling. This study opens new possibilities of using itinerant magnetic moments for cryogen-free refrigeration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshifumi Tokiwa
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- Experimental Physics VI, Center for Electronic Correlations and Magnetism, University of Augsburg, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Boy Piening
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Hirale S. Jeevan
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sergey L. Bud’ko
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Paul C. Canfield
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Philipp Gegenwart
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Experimental Physics VI, Center for Electronic Correlations and Magnetism, University of Augsburg, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
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3
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Aoki D, Seyfarth G, Pourret A, Gourgout A, McCollam A, Bruin JAN, Krupko Y, Sheikin I. Field-Induced Lifshitz Transition without Metamagnetism in CeIrIn(5). PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 116:037202. [PMID: 26849611 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.037202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We report high magnetic field measurements of magnetic torque, thermoelectric power, magnetization, and the de Haas-van Alphen effect in CeIrIn_{5} across 28 T, where a metamagnetic transition was suggested in previous studies. The thermoelectric power displays two maxima at 28 and 32 T. Above 28 T, a new, low de Haas-van Alphen frequency with a strongly enhanced effective mass emerges, while the highest frequency observed at low field disappears entirely. This suggests a field-induced Lifshitz transition. However, longitudinal magnetization does not show any anomaly up to 33 T, thus ruling out a metamagnetic transition at 28 T.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Aoki
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Oarai, Ibaraki 311-1313, Japan
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INAC-SPSMS, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- CEA, INAC-SPSMS, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - G Seyfarth
- Université Grenoble Alpes, LNCMI, 38042 Grenoble, France
- Laboratoire National des Champs Magnéetiques Intenses (LNCMI-EMFL), CNRS, UJF, 38042 Grenoble, France
| | - A Pourret
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INAC-SPSMS, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- CEA, INAC-SPSMS, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - A Gourgout
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INAC-SPSMS, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- CEA, INAC-SPSMS, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - A McCollam
- High Field Magnet Laboratory (HFML-EMFL), Radboud University, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - J A N Bruin
- High Field Magnet Laboratory (HFML-EMFL), Radboud University, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Y Krupko
- Laboratoire National des Champs Magnéetiques Intenses (LNCMI-EMFL), CNRS, UJF, 38042 Grenoble, France
| | - I Sheikin
- Laboratoire National des Champs Magnéetiques Intenses (LNCMI-EMFL), CNRS, UJF, 38042 Grenoble, France
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5
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Pfau H, Daou R, Lausberg S, Naren HR, Brando M, Friedemann S, Wirth S, Westerkamp T, Stockert U, Gegenwart P, Krellner C, Geibel C, Zwicknagl G, Steglich F. Interplay between Kondo suppression and Lifshitz transitions in YbRh2Si2 at high magnetic fields. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 110:256403. [PMID: 23829750 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.256403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the magnetic field dependent thermopower, thermal conductivity, resistivity, and Hall effect in the heavy fermion metal YbRh2Si2. In contrast to reports on thermodynamic measurements, we find in total three transitions at high fields, rather than a single one at 10 T. Using the Mott formula together with renormalized band calculations, we identify Lifshitz transitions as their origin. The predictions of the calculations show that all experimental results rely on an interplay of a smooth suppression of the Kondo effect and the spin splitting of the flat hybridized bands.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Pfau
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, D-01187 Dresden, Germany.
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6
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Lausberg S, Hannaske A, Steppke A, Steinke L, Gruner T, Pedrero L, Krellner C, Klingner C, Brando M, Geibel C, Steglich F. Doped YbRh2Si2: not only ferromagnetic correlations but ferromagnetic order. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 110:256402. [PMID: 23829749 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.256402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Revised: 05/08/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
YbRh2Si2 is a prototypical system for studying unconventional antiferromagnetic quantum criticality. However, ferromagnetic correlations are present which can be enhanced via isoelectronic cobalt substitution for rhodium in Yb(Rh(1-x)Co(x))2Si2. So far, the magnetic order with increasing x was believed to remain antiferromagnetic. Here, we present the discovery of ferromagnetism for x = 0.27 below T(C) = 1.30 K in single crystalline samples. Unexpectedly, ordering occurs along the c axis, the hard crystalline electric field direction, where the g factor is an order of magnitude smaller than in the basal plane. Although the spontaneous magnetization is only 0.1 μB/Yb it corresponds to the full expected saturation moment along c taking into account partial Kondo screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Lausberg
- Max-Planck-Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, D-01187 Dresden, Germany.
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7
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Critical quasiparticle theory applied to heavy fermion metals near an antiferromagnetic quantum phase transition. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012; 109:3238-42. [PMID: 22331893 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1200346109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We use the recently developed critical quasiparticle theory to derive the scaling behavior associated with a quantum critical point in a correlated metal. This is applied to the magnetic-field induced quantum critical point observed in YbRh(2)Si(2), for which we also derive the critical behavior of the specific heat, resistivity, thermopower, magnetization and susceptibility, the Grüneisen coefficient, and the thermal expansion coefficient. The theory accounts very well for the available experimental results.
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8
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Zwicknagl G. Field-induced suppression of the heavy-fermion state in YbRh₂Si₂. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2011; 23:094215. [PMID: 21339568 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/23/9/094215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We present calculations of the magnetic-field-induced changes of the heavy quasiparticles in YbRh2Si2 which are reflected in thermodynamic and transport properties. The quasiparticles are determined by means of the renormalized band method. The progressive de-renormalization of the quasiparticles in the magnetic field is accounted for using field-dependent quasiparticle parameters deduced from numerical renormalization group studies. Consequences for the interpretation of experimental data are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gertrud Zwicknagl
- Institut für Mathematische Physik, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Mendelssohnstraße 3, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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9
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Schaufuss U, Kataev V, Zvyagin AA, Büchner B, Sichelschmidt J, Wykhoff J, Krellner C, Geibel C, Steglich F. Evolution of the Kondo state of YbRh2Si2 probed by high-field ESR. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 102:076405. [PMID: 19257699 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.076405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
An electron spin resonance (ESR) study of the heavy fermion compound YbRh2Si2 for fields up to approximately 8 T reveals a strongly anisotropic signal in the Kondo state below approximately 25 K. A similarity between the T dependence of the ESR parameters and that of the specific heat and the 29Si nuclear magnetic resonance data gives evidence that the ESR response is given by heavy fermions. Tuning the Kondo effect on the 4f states with magnetic fields approximately 2-8 T and temperature 2-25 K yields a gradual change of the ESR g factor and linewidth which reflects the evolution of the Kondo state in this Kondo lattice system.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Schaufuss
- IFW Dresden, Institute for Solid State Research, Post Office Box 270116, D-01171 Dresden, Germany
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10
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Tokiwa Y, Radu T, Geibel C, Steglich F, Gegenwart P. Divergence of the magnetic Grüneisen ratio at the field-induced quantum critical point in YbRh2Si2. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 102:066401. [PMID: 19257612 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.066401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The heavy-fermion metal YbRh2Si2 is studied by low-temperature magnetization M(T) and specific-heat C(T) measurements at magnetic fields close to the quantum critical point (H_{c}=0.06 T, H perpendicularc). Upon approaching the instability, dM/dT is more singular than C(T), leading to a divergence of the magnetic Grüneisen ratio Gamma_{mag}=-(dM/dT)/C. Within the Fermi-liquid regime, Gamma_{mag}=-G_{r}(H-H_{c};{fit}) with G_{r}=-0.30+/-0.01 and H_{c};{fit}=(0.065+/-0.005) T which is consistent with scaling behavior of the specific-heat coefficient in YbRh2(Si0.95Ge0.05)_{2}. The field dependence of dM/dT indicates an inflection point of the entropy as a function of magnetic field upon passing the line T;{ small star, filled}(H) previously observed in Hall and thermodynamic measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Tokiwa
- Max-Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, D-01187 Dresden, Germany
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11
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Rourke PMC, McCollam A, Lapertot G, Knebel G, Flouquet J, Julian SR. Magnetic-field dependence of the YbRh2Si2 Fermi surface. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2008; 101:237205. [PMID: 19113590 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.237205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic-field-induced changes of the Fermi surface play a central role in theories of the exotic quantum criticality of YbRh2Si2. We have carried out de Haas-van Alphen measurements in the magnetic-field range 8 T < or = H < or = 16 T, and directly observe field dependence of the extremal Fermi surface areas. Our data support the theory that a low-field "large" Fermi surface, including the Yb 4f quasihole, is increasingly spin split until a majority-spin branch undergoes a Lifshitz transition and disappears at H0 approximately 10 T, without requiring 4f localization at H0.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M C Rourke
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada.
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12
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Gegenwart P, Westerkamp T, Krellner C, Tokiwa Y, Paschen S, Geibel C, Steglich F, Abrahams E, Si Q. Multiple Energy Scales at a Quantum Critical Point. Science 2007; 315:969-71. [PMID: 17303749 DOI: 10.1126/science.1136020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
We report thermodynamic measurements in a magnetic-field-driven quantum critical point of a heavy fermion metal, YbRh2Si2. The data provide evidence for an energy scale in the equilibrium excitation spectrum that is in addition to the one expected from the slow fluctuations of the order parameter. Both energy scales approach zero as the quantum critical point is reached, thereby providing evidence for a new class of quantum criticality.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Gegenwart
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, D-01187 Dresden, Germany.
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