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Böckmann H, Liu S, Müller M, Hammud A, Wolf M, Kumagai T. Near-Field Manipulation in a Scanning Tunneling Microscope Junction with Plasmonic Fabry-Pérot Tips. Nano Lett 2019; 19:3597-3602. [PMID: 31070928 PMCID: PMC6750903 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b00558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Near-field manipulation in plasmonic nanocavities can provide various applications in nanoscale science and technology. In particular, a gap plasmon in a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) junction is of key interest to nanoscale imaging and spectroscopy. Here we show that spectral features of a plasmonic STM junction can be manipulated by nanofabrication of Au tips using focused ion beam. An exemplary Fabry-Pérot type resonator of surface plasmons is demonstrated by producing the tip with a single groove on its shaft. Scanning tunneling luminescence spectra of the Fabry-Pérot tips exhibit spectral modulation resulting from interference between localized and propagating surface plasmon modes. In addition, the quality factor of the plasmonic Fabry-Pérot interference can be improved by optimizing the overall tip shape. Our approach paves the way for near-field imaging and spectroscopy with a high degree of accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Böckmann
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max-Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Shuyi Liu
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max-Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Melanie Müller
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max-Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Adnan Hammud
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max-Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Wolf
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max-Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Takashi Kumagai
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max-Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- JST-PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
- E-mail:
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2
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Safari A, Fickler R, Giese E, Magaña-Loaiza OS, Boyd RW, De Leon I. Measurement of the Photon-Plasmon Coupling Phase Shift. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 122:133601. [PMID: 31012617 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.133601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Scattering processes have played a crucial role in the development of quantum theory. In the field of optics, scattering phase shifts have been utilized to unveil interesting forms of light-matter interactions. Here we investigate the phase shift experienced by a single photon as it scatters into a surface plasmon polariton and vice versa. This coupling phase shift is of particular relevance for quantum plasmonic experiments. Therefore, we demonstrate that the photon-plasmon interaction at a plasmonic slit can be modeled through a quantum-mechanical tritter, a six-port scattering element. We show that the visibilities of a double-slit and a triple-slit interference patterns are convenient observables to characterize the interaction at a slit and determine the coupling phase. Our accurate and simple model of the interaction, validated by simulations and experiments, has important implications not only for quantum plasmonic interference effects, but is also advantageous to classical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akbar Safari
- Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Robert Fickler
- Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
- Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, Boltzmanngasse 3, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Enno Giese
- Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Omar S Magaña-Loaiza
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - Robert W Boyd
- Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
- Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Israel De Leon
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64849, Mexico
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3
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Qian Y, Zeng X, Gao Y, Li H, Kumar S, Gan Q, Cheng X, Bartoli FJ. Intensity-modulated nanoplasmonic interferometric sensor for MMP-9 detection. Lab Chip 2019; 19:1267-1276. [PMID: 30821304 DOI: 10.1039/c8lc01391h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To elucidate the secretary function of immune cells, we develop a nanoplasmonic circular interferometric biosensor based on intensity interrogation for label-free and dynamic sensing of molecular secretion. Exceptional sensitivity has been demonstrated through coupling free light and surface plasmon polariton (SPPs) waves, which generates a constructive and deconstructive interference pattern with high contrast and narrow linewidth when illuminated by white light. Alternatively, by adopting a narrow-band LED source and a CCD camera in this work, the transmission intensity of multiple sensing units is monitored simultaneously with a simple collinear optical setup. This intensity-modulated sensing platform yields a resolution of 4.1 × 10-5 refractive index unit (RIU) with a high temporal resolution of 1 s and a miniaturized footprint as small as 9.8 × 9.8 μm2 for a single sensing unit. By integrating the signals from multiple sensor units, the resolution of a 12 × 12 sensor array was found to reach 7.3 × 10-6 RIU. We apply this sensor array to detect matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) secretion from human monocytic cells, THP-1, at different time points after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) simulation and the results are in good agreement with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) tests, but without the need for labeling. The spatial, temporal and mass resolutions of the sensor array are found to exceed other label-free technologies. These biomolecular arrays, incorporated in a microfluidic sensor platform, hold great potential for the study the dynamics and interplay of cell secretion signals and achieving a better understanding of single cell functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Qian
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA.
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4
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Khajemiri Z, Lee D, Hamidi SM, Kim DS. Rectangular plasmonic interferometer for high sensitive glycerol sensor. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1378. [PMID: 30718632 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37499-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel plasmonic interferometric sensor intended for application to biochemical sensing has been investigated experimentally and theoretically. The sensor was included a slit surrounded by rectangular grooves using a thick gold film. A three-dimensional finite difference time-domain commercial software package was applied to simulate the structure. The Focused ion beam milling has been used as a mean to fabricate series of rectangular plasmonic interferometer with varying slit-groove distance L. Oscillation behavior is shown by transmission spectra in a broadband wavelength range between 400 nm and 800 nm in the distance between slit and grooves. Red-shifted interference spectrum is the result of increasing refractive indices. The proposed structure is functional from visible to near-infrared wavelength range and yields a sensitivity of 4923 nm/RIU and a figure of merit as high as 214 at 729 nm wavelength. In conclusion, this study indicates the possibility of fabricating a low cost, compact, and real-time high-throughput plasmonic interferometer.
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5
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Ma Y, Alattar Y, Zhou J, Eldlio M, Maeda H, Pištora J, Cada M. Semiconductor-based plasmonic interferometers for ultrasensitive sensing in a terahertz regime. Opt Lett 2017; 42:2338-2341. [PMID: 28614346 DOI: 10.1364/ol.42.002338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A robust plasmonic semiconductor-based Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI), which consists of a semiconductor layer with a microslit flanked by two identical microgrooves, is proposed and investigated for the terahertz sensing. The microgrooves reflect the surface plasmon polariton waves toward the microslit, where they interfere with the transmitted terahertz wave. The interference pattern is determined by the permittivities of the sensing material and semiconductor (i.e., temperature dependent), making the structure useful for the refractive index (RI) and temperature detection. A quantitative theoretical model is also developed for performance prediction and validated with a finite element method. The numerical results show that the Mach-Zehnder interferometer sensor possesses an RI sensitivity as high as 140000 nm/RIU (or 0.42 THz/RIU) and a relative intensity sensitivity of 1200%RIU-1. In addition, a temperature sensitivity of 1470 nm/K (or 4.7×10-3 THz/K) is determined. Theoretical calculations indicate that the further improvement in sensing performance is still possible through optimization of the structure. The proposed sensing scheme may pave the way for applications in terahertz sensing and integrated terahertz circuits.
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Hassani Gangaraj SA, Nemilentsau A, Hanson GW. The effects of three-dimensional defects on one-way surface plasmon propagation for photonic topological insulators comprised of continuum media. Sci Rep 2016; 6:30055. [PMID: 27444542 DOI: 10.1038/srep30055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We have investigated one-way surface plasmon-polaritons (SPPs) at the interface of a continuum magnetoplasma material and metal, in the presence of three-dimensional surface defects. Bulk electromagnetic modes of continuum materials have Chern numbers, analogous to those of photonic crystals. This can lead to the appearance of topologically-protected surface modes at material interfaces, propagating at frequencies inside the bandgap of the bulk materials. Previous studies considered two-dimensional structures; here we consider the effect of three-dimensional defects, and show that, although backward propagation/reflection cannot occur, side scattering does take place and has significant effect on the propagation of the surface mode. Several different waveguiding geometries are considered for reducing the effects of side-scattering, and we also consider the effects of metal loss.
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Abstract
Phase is an inherent and important feature for coherent processes, which, unfortunately, has not been completely understood for surface plasmon polariton (SPP) and matter interactions. Here we propose a practical approach to extract the phase change dispersion during the interaction between free-space light, SPPs and nanogroove/slit based on far-field information only. Numerical simulation and experimental validation were both presented using nanoslit-groove plasmonic interferometers, agreeing well with theoretical near-field analysis. This approach is generally feasible to extract the intrinsic phase dispersion of other plasmonic nanostructures and can reveal more fundamental features of SPP-matter interactions.
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Nazari T, Kassani SH, Khazaeinezhad R, Oh K. Polarization dependent transmission through a sub-wavelength hexagonal aperture surrounded by segmented polygonal grooves. Opt Express 2013; 21:32668-79. [PMID: 24514860 DOI: 10.1364/oe.21.032668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We report enhanced optical transmission (EOT) through a hexagonal aperture surrounded by polygonal segmented grooves to explore its unique polarization dependence. Effects of light polarization on EOT through the hexagonal aperture were systematically investigated for three types of grooves: concentric hexagonal grooves, linear segmented grooves and wedge segmented grooves. Significant increase in EOT was observed for the polarization directed along the groove axis compared to the other orthogonal polarization, which can be further applied to polarization dependent photonic devices.
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Gao Y, Xin Z, Zeng B, Gan Q, Cheng X, Bartoli FJ. Plasmonic interferometric sensor arrays for high-performance label-free biomolecular detection. Lab Chip 2013; 13:4755-4764. [PMID: 24173621 DOI: 10.1039/c3lc50863c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A plasmonic interferometric biosensor that consists of arrays of circular aperture-groove nanostructures patterned on a gold film for phase-sensitive biomolecular detection is demonstrated. The phase and amplitude of interfering surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) in the proposed device can be effectively engineered by structural tuning, providing flexible and efficient control over the plasmon line shape observed through SPP interference. Spectral fringes with high contrast, narrow linewidth, and large amplitude have been experimentally measured and permit the sensitive detection of protein surface coverage as low as 0.4 pg mm(-2). This sensor resolution compares favorably with commercial prism-based surface plasmon resonance systems (0.1 pg mm(-2)) but is achieved here using a significantly simpler collinear transmission geometry, a miniaturized sensor footprint, and a low-cost compact spectrometer. Furthermore, we also demonstrate superior sensor performance using the intensity interrogation method, which can be combined with CCD imaging to upscale our platform to high-throughput array sensing. A novel low-background interferometric sensing scheme yields a high sensing figure of merit (FOM*) of 146 in the visible region, surpassing that of previous plasmonic biosensors and facilitating ultrasensitive high-throughput detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongkang Gao
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA.
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10
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Ferri FA, Rivera VAG, Osorio SPA, Silva OB, Zanatta AR, Borges BHV, Weiner J, Marega E. Influence of film thickness on the optical transmission through subwavelength single slits in metallic thin films. Appl Opt 2011; 50:G11-G16. [PMID: 22086033 DOI: 10.1364/ao.50.000g11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Silver and gold films with thicknesses in the range of 120-450 nm were evaporated onto glass substrates. A sequence of slits with widths varying between 70 and 270 nm was milled in the films using a focused gallium ion beam. We have undertaken high-resolution measurements of the optical transmission through the single slits with 488.0 nm (for Ag) and 632.8 nm (for Au) laser sources aligned to the optical axis of a microscope. Based on the present experimental results, it was possible to observe that (1) the slit transmission is notably affected by the film thickness, which presents a damped oscillatory behavior as the thickness is augmented, and (2) the transmission increases linearly with increasing slit width for a fixed film thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio A Ferri
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Caixa Postal 369, São Carlos 13560-970, SP, Brazil.
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Wei Z, Cao Y, Fan Y, Yu X, Li H. Broadband transparency achieved with the stacked metallic multi-layers perforated with coaxial annular apertures. Opt Express 2011; 19:21425-21431. [PMID: 22108992 DOI: 10.1364/oe.19.021425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
It is generally believed that, in the phenomena of extraordinary optical transmission, perfect transparency only occurs at a single or a multiple of discrete frequencies. This report presents for the first time that a stacked metallic multi-layered system, being perforated with coaxial annular apertures (CAAs), can be perfectly transparent in a broad frequency range. The phenomenon arises from the coupling of guided resonance modes in CAAs among different metallic layers. The transparency bandwidth is extended to about 40% of the central frequency with only 2-3 metallic layers. Measured transmission spectra in microwave regime are in good agreement with calculations which are semi-analytically resolved by modal expansion method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyong Wei
- Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
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12
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Huang XR, Peng RW. General mechanism involved in subwavelength optics of conducting microstructures: charge-oscillation-induced light emission and interference. J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis 2010; 27:718-729. [PMID: 20360814 DOI: 10.1364/josaa.27.000718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Interactions between light and conducting microstructures or nanostructures can result in a variety of novel phenomena, but their underlying mechanisms have not been completely understood. From calculations of surface charge density waves on conducting gratings and by comparing them with classical surface plasmons, we revealed a general yet concrete picture regarding the coupling of light to free electron oscillation on structured conducting surfaces that can lead to oscillating subwavelength charge patterns (i.e., structured surface plasmons). New wavelets emitted from these light sources then destructively interfere to form evanescent waves. This principle, usually combined with other mechanisms, is mainly a geometrical effect that can be universally involved in light scattering from all periodic and non-periodic structures containing free electrons. This picture may provide clear guidelines for developing conductor-based nano-optical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Rong Huang
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA.
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13
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Yang XY, Liu HT, Lalanne P. Cross conversion between surface plasmon polaritons and quasicylindrical waves. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 102:153903. [PMID: 19518633 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.153903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The optical properties of textured metallic surfaces are governed by the scattering of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) and of quasicylindrical waves (CWs), which are both excited by the nano-objects located on the surface. We study here a fundamental scattering process of these fields, namely, the cross conversion of a CW into a SPP. We first show that this inelastic process is inevitable in multi-nano-object ensembles and then propose a procedure enabling a rigorous calculation of the cross conversion scattering coefficients. Additionally, by mapping this intricate process to a much simpler one, we derive general and simple expressions for the cross conversion efficiency. All predictions are carefully supported by fully vectorial computational results.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Y Yang
- Laboratoire Charles Fabry de l'Institut d'Optique, CNRS, Univ Paris-Sud, Campus Polytechnique, 91127 Palaiseau cedex, France
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Abstract
Electromagnetic plane waves, incident on and reflecting from a dielectric-conductor interface, set up a standing wave in the dielectric with the B-field adjacent to the conductor. It is shown here how the harmonic time variation of this B-field induces an E-field and a conduction current J (c) within the skin depth of a real metal; and that at frequencies in the visible and near-infrared range, the imaginary term sigmai of the complex conductivity sigma = sigma(r) + isigma(i) dominates the optical response. Continuity conditions of the E-field through the surface together with the in-quadrature response of the conductivity determine the phase relation between the incident E-M field and J(c). If slits or grooves are milled into the metal surface, a displacement current in the dielectric gap and oscillating charge dipoles at the structure edges are established in quadrature phase with incident field. These dipoles radiate into the aperture and launch surface waves from the edges. They are the principle source of light transmission through the apertures.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Weiner
- IFSC/CePOF, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São-carlense,400-CEP 13566-590 São Carlos SP, Brazil.
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Bao YJ, Peng RW, Shu DJ, Wang M, Lu X, Shao J, Lu W, Ming NB. Role of interference between localized and propagating surface waves on the extraordinary optical transmission through a subwavelength-aperture array. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 101:087401. [PMID: 18764658 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.087401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2008] [Revised: 07/13/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We report in this Letter that when radiation is incident on a metal surface perforated with an array of ring-shaped subwavelength apertures, the phase difference between the propagating surface Bloch wave and the localized surface wave can be tailored by the geometrical parameters of the array so as to affect the shape of the transmission spectrum. Above the resonant frequency of the aperture, interference between the two kinds of surface waves leads to a minimum in the transmission spectrum, whereas below it, the interference leads to a maximum. We suggest that this feature provides flexibility in engineering surface-wave-based all-optical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Jun Bao
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures & Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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Gorodetski Y, Niv A, Kleiner V, Hasman E. Observation of the spin-based plasmonic effect in nanoscale structures. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 101:043903. [PMID: 18764330 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.043903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2008] [Revised: 06/12/2008] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Observation of surface-plasmon phenomena that are dependent upon the handedness of the circularly polarized incident light (spin) is presented. The polarization-dependent near-field intensity distribution obtained in our experiment is attributed to the presence of a geometric phase arising from the interaction of light with an anisotropic and inhomogeneous nanoscale structure. A near-field vortex surface mode with a spin-dependent topological charge was obtained in a plasmonic microcavity. The remarkable phenomenon of polarization-sensitive focusing in a plasmonic structure was also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Gorodetski
- Micro and Nanooptics Laboratory, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
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Ma J, Liu S, Zhang D, Yao J, Xu C, Shao J, Jin Y, Fan Z. Study of the surface plasma transmission properties of a Fabry–Perot resonator by numerical simulation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1088/1464-4258/10/3/035002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Fang X, Li Z, Long Y, Wei H, Liu R, Ma J, Kamran M, Zhao H, Han X, Zhao B, Qiu X. Surface-plasmon-polariton assisted diffraction in periodic subwavelength holes of metal films with reduced interplane coupling. Phys Rev Lett 2007; 99:066805. [PMID: 17930854 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.99.066805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2006] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Metal films grown on an Si wafer perforated with a periodic array of subwavelength holes have been fabricated and anomalous enhanced transmission in the midinfrared regime has been observed. High order transmission peaks up to Si(2,2) are clearly revealed due to the large dielectric constant contrast of the dielectrics at the opposite interfaces. The Si(1,1) peak splits at oblique incidence both in TE and TM polarization, which confirms that anomalous enhanced transmission is a surface-plasmon-polariton (SPP) assisted diffraction phenomenon. Theoretical transmission spectra agree excellently with the experimental results and confirm the role of SPP diffraction by the lattice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Fang
- Institute of Physics and Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China
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Temnov VV, Woggon U, Dintinger J, Devaux E, Ebbesen TW. Surface plasmon interferometry: measuring group velocity of surface plasmons. Opt Lett 2007; 32:1235-7. [PMID: 17440545 DOI: 10.1364/ol.32.001235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Optical transmission spectroscopy on metal films with slit-groove pairs is conducted. Spectra of the light transmitted through the slit exhibit Fabry-Perot-type interference fringes due to surface plasmons propagating between the slit and the groove. The spectral dependence of the period of interference fringes is used to determine the group velocity of surface plasmons on flat gold and silver surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasily V Temnov
- Experimentelle Physik IIb,Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
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20
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Gay G, Alloschery O, Weiner J, Lezec HJ, O'Dwyer C, Sukharev M, Seideman T. Surface quality and surface waves on subwavelength-structured silver films. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2007; 75:016612. [PMID: 17358280 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.75.016612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2006] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
We analyze the physical-chemical surface properties of single-slit, single-groove subwavelength-structured silver films with high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and calculate exact solutions to Maxwell's equations corresponding to recent far-field interferometry experiments using these structures. Contrary to a recent suggestion the surface analysis shows that the silver films are free of detectable contaminants. The finite-difference time-domain calculations, in excellent agreement with experiment, show a rapid fringe amplitude decrease in the near zone (slit-groove distance out to 3-4 wavelengths). Extrapolation to slit-groove distances beyond the near zone shows that the surface wave evolves to the expected bound surface plasmon polariton (SPP). Fourier analysis of these results indicates the presence of a distribution of transient, evanescent modes around the SPP that dephase and dissipate as the surface wave evolves from the near to the far zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gay
- IRSAMC/LCAR, Université Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
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