Supersolid phase in spin dimer XXZ systems under a magnetic field

Discovery of quantum phases in the Shastry-Sutherland compound SrCu2(BO3)2 under extreme conditions of field and pressure

The 2-dimensional layered oxide material SrCu₂(BO₃)₂, long studied as a realization of the Shastry-Sutherland spin topology, exhibits a range of intriguing physics as a function of both hydrostatic pressure and magnetic field, with a still debated intermediate plaquette phase appearing at approximately 20 kbar and a possible deconfined critical point at higher pressure. Here, we employ a tunnel diode oscillator (TDO) technique to probe the behavior in the combined extreme conditions of high pressure, high magnetic field, and low temperature. We reveal an extensive phase space consisting of multiple magnetic analogs of the elusive supersolid phase and a magnetization plateau. In particular, a 10 × 2 supersolid and a 1/5 plateau, identified by infinite Projected Entangled Pair States (iPEPS) calculations, are found to rely on the presence of both magnetic and non-magnetic particles in the sea of dimer singlets. These states are best understood as descendants of the full-plaquette phase, the leading candidate for the intermediate phase of SrCu₂(BO₃)₂.

SrCu2(BO3)2 is a 2D quantum antiferromagnet on a particular frustrated lattice showing multiple magnetization plateaus and quantum phase transitions under high pressure. Here the authors uncover novel magnetic phases in this material under combined effects of extreme magnetic field and pressure.

Mixed-spin system with supersolid phases: magnetocaloric effect and thermal properties

Recently, it has been shown that two dimensional frustrated mixed-spin systems with anisotropic exchange interactions display supersolid phases in their ground state phase diagrams even in the absence of long-range interactions. In this paper, using cluster mean field theory, we investigate the effects of thermal fluctuations on the ground state phases of this kind of system and show that various thermal solids and thermal insulators emerge around the ground state solid and Mott insulating phases. We also study the thermodynamic properties and magnetocaloric effect of these systems and demonstrate that at low temperatures, a large cooling rate is seen in the vicinity of the solid-supersolid, solid-superfluid and Mott insulator-superfluid critical points, with the large accumulation of the entropy and the minimums of the isentropes. Our results show the sign change of the magnetocaloric parameter inside the solids and the Mott insulator, which is a characteristic of ordered phases.

Spin supersolid phase in coupled alternating spin chains

We study the ground state phase diagram of a two dimensional mixed-spin system of coupled alternating spin-1 and 1/2 chains with a stripe supersolid phase. Utilizing different analytical and numerical approaches such as mean field approximation, cluster mean field theory and linear spin wave theory, we demonstrate that our system displays a rich ground state phase diagram including novel stripe supersolid, solids with different fillings and super-counterfluid phases, in addition to a stripe solid with half filling, superfluid and Mott insulating phases. In order to find a minimal mixed-spin model for stripe supersolidity, in the second part of the paper we consider two kinds of mixed-spin system of coupled alternating spin-1 and 1/2 chains with (i) anisotropic nearest neighbor interactions, (ii) anisotropic hoppings and study their ground state phase diagrams. We demonstrate that, for the systems with uniform hoppings, the repulsive intra-chains interactions are necessary for stripe supersolidity. In this case the minimal two dimensional mixed-spin model is a system of spin-1 and spin-1/2 XXZ chains, interacting via Ising Hamiltonian. In the case of anisotropic hoppings, a system of coupled Ising chains is the minimal model.

Supersolid phase accompanied by a quantum critical point in the intermediate coupling regime of the Holstein model

We reveal that electron-phonon systems described by the Holstein model on a bipartite lattice exhibit, away from half filling, a supersolid (SS) phase characterized by coexisting charge order (CO) and superconductivity (SC), and an accompanying quantum critical point (QCP). The SS phase, demonstrated by the dynamical mean-field theory with a quantum Monte Carlo impurity solver, emerges in the intermediate-coupling regime, where the peak of the Tc dome is located and the metal-insulator crossover occurs. On the other hand, in the weak- and strong-coupling regimes the CO-SC boundary is of first order with no intervening SS phases. The QCP is associated with the continuous transition from SS to SC and characterized by a reentrant behavior of the SS around it. We further show that the SS-SC transition is hallmarked by diverging charge fluctuations and a kink (peak) in the superfluid density.

Columnar antiferromagnetic order and spin supersolid phase on the extended Shastry-Sutherland lattice

We use large scale quantum Monte Carlo simulations to study an extended version of the canonical Shastry-Sutherland model--including additional interactions and exchange anisotropy--over a wide range of interaction parameters and an applied magnetic field. The model is appropriate for describing the low energy properties of some members of the rare earth tetraborides. Working in the limit of large Ising-like exchange anisotropy, we demonstrate the stabilization of columnar antiferromagnetic order in the ground state at zero field and an extended magnetization plateau at 1/2 the saturation magnetization in the presence of an applied longitudinal magnetic field--qualitatively similar to experimentally observed low-temperature phases in ErB(4). Our results show that for an optimal range of exchange parameters, a spin supersolid ground state is realized over a finite range of an applied field between the columnar antiferromagnetic phase and the magnetization plateau. The full momentum dependence of the longitudinal and transverse components of the static structure factor is calculated in the spin supersolid phase to demonstrate the simultaneous existence of diagonal and off-diagonal long-range order. Our results provide crucial guidance in designing further experiments to search for the interesting spin supersolid phase in ErB(4).

Quarter-filled supersolid and solid phases in the extended Bose-Hubbard model

We numerically study the ground state phase diagram of the two-dimensional hard-core Bose-Hubbard model with nearest-(V(1)) and next-nearest-neighbour (V(2)) repulsions. In particular, we focus on the quarter-filled phases where one supersolid and two solid phases are observed. Using both canonical and grand canonical quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) methods and a mean-field calculation, we provide evidence for the existence of a commensurate supersolid. Despite the two possible diagonal long-range orderings for the solid phase, only one kind of supersolid phase is found to be energetically stable. The competition between the two solid phases manifests itself as a first-order phase transition around 2V(2) ∼ V(1). The change of order parameters as a function of the chemical potential is also presented.

Supersolid phase with cold polar molecules on a triangular lattice

We study a system of heteronuclear molecules on a triangular lattice and analyze the potential of this system for the experimental realization of a supersolid phase. The ground state phase diagram contains superfluid, solid, and supersolid phases. At finite temperatures and strong interactions there is an additional emulsion region, in contrast with similar models with short-range interactions. We derive the maximal critical temperature T{c} and the corresponding entropy S/N=0.04(1) for supersolidity and find feasible experimental conditions for its realization.

Supersolid phases of a doped valence-bond quantum antiferromagnet: evidence for a coexisting superconducting order parameter

Motivated by numerical evidence of the valence-bond ground state of the two-dimensional Heisenberg pyrochlore lattice, we argue using a t-J model that it evolves under doping into novel phases characterized by superconductivity coexisting with the underlying valence-bond solid order. A fermionic mean-field theory supplemented by exact diagonalization results provide strong arguments in favor of the stability of such supersolid phases. The resemblance with modulated superconducting patterns in high-Tc cuprates as well as possible relevance to frustrated noncuprate superconductors such as spinels and pyrochlores is discussed.

Theory of the field-induced BEC in the frustrated spin-1/2 dimer compound BaCuSi2O6

Building on recent neutron and NMR experiments, we investigate the field-induced exotic criticality observed in the frustrated compound BaCuSi2O6 using a frustrated model with two types of bilayers. A semiclassical treatment of the effective hard-core boson model shows that perfect interlayer frustration leads to a 2D-like critical exponent varphi=1 without logarithmic corrections and to a 3D low temperature phase with different but nonvanishing triplet populations in both types of bilayers. These further suggest a simple phenomenology in terms of a field-dependent transverse coupling in the context of which we reproduce the entire field-temperature phase diagram with quantum Monte Carlo simulations.

NMR evidence for the persistence of a spin superlattice beyond the 1/8 magnetization plateau in SrCu2(BO3)_{2}

We present 11B NMR studies of the 2D frustrated dimer spin system SrCu2(BO3)_{2} in the field range 27-31 T covering the upper phase boundary of the 1/8 magnetization plateau, identified at 28.4 T. Our data provide a clear evidence that above 28.4 T the spin superlattice of the 1/8 plateau is modified but does not melt even though the magnetization increases. Although this is precisely what is expected for a supersolid phase, the microscopic nature of this new phase is much more complex. We discuss the field-temperature phase diagram on the basis of our NMR data.

Supersolid phase induced by correlated hopping in spin-1/2 frustrated quantum magnets

We show that correlated hopping of triplets, which is often the dominant source of kinetic energy in dimer-based frustrated quantum magnets, produces a remarkably strong tendency to form supersolid phases in a magnetic field. These phases are characterized by simultaneous modulation and ordering of the longitudinal and transverse magnetization, respectively. Using quantum Monte Carlo and a semiclassical approach for an effective hard-core boson model with nearest-neighbor repulsion on a square lattice, we prove, in particular, that a supersolid phase can exist even if the repulsion is not strong enough to stabilize an insulating phase at half-filling. Experimental implications for frustrated quantum antiferromagnets in a magnetic field at zero and finite temperature are discussed.

Spin supersolid in an anisotropic spin-one Heisenberg chain

We consider an S=1 Heisenberg chain with strong exchange (Delta=J(z)/J(perpendicular)) and single-ion uniaxial anisotropy (D) in a magnetic field (B) along the symmetry axis. The low-energy spectrum is described by an effective S=1/2 XXZ model that acts on two different low-energy sectors for a finite range of fields. The vacuum of each sector exhibits Ising-like antiferromagnetic ordering coexisting with the finite spin stiffness obtained from the exact solution of the XXZ model. In this way, we demonstrate the existence of a spin supersolid phase. We also compute the full Delta-B quantum phase diagram using a quantum Monte Carlo method.

Quantum and thermal transitions out of the supersolid phase of a 2D quantum antiferromagnet

We investigate the thermodynamic properties of a field-induced supersolid phase in a 2D quantum antiferromagnet model. Using quantum Monte Carlo simulations, a very rich phase diagram is mapped out in the temperature-magnetic-field plane, with an extended supersolid region where a diagonal (solid) order coexists with a finite XY spin stiffness (superfluid). The various quantum and thermal transitions out of the supersolid state are characterized. Experimental consequences in the context of field-induced magnetization plateau materials are briefly discussed.

Field-induced supersolid phase in spin-one Heisenberg models

We use numerical methods to demonstrate that the phase diagram of S=1 Heisenberg models with uniaxial anisotropy contains an extended supersolid phase. We show that this Hamiltonian is a particular case of a more general and ubiquitous model that describes the low-energy spectrum of some isotropic and frustrated spin-dimer systems. This result is crucial for finding a spin supersolid state in real magnets.