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Filippone M, Marguerite A, Le Hur K, Fève G, Mora C. Phase-Coherent Dynamics of Quantum Devices with Local Interactions. ENTROPY (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 22:E847. [PMID: 33286618 PMCID: PMC7517448 DOI: 10.3390/e22080847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This review illustrates how Local Fermi Liquid (LFL) theories describe the strongly correlated and coherent low-energy dynamics of quantum dot devices. This approach consists in an effective elastic scattering theory, accounting exactly for strong correlations. Here, we focus on the mesoscopic capacitor and recent experiments achieving a Coulomb-induced quantum state transfer. Extending to out-of-equilibrium regimes, aimed at triggered single electron emission, we illustrate how inelastic effects become crucial, requiring approaches beyond LFLs, shedding new light on past experimental data by showing clear interaction effects in the dynamics of mesoscopic capacitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Filippone
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, University of Geneva 24 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Arthur Marguerite
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel;
| | - Karyn Le Hur
- CPHT, CNRS, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Route de Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France;
| | - Gwendal Fève
- Laboratoire de Physique de l’Ecole Normale Supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, F-75005 Paris, France;
| | - Christophe Mora
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS, Université de Paris, F-75013 Paris, France;
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Quantum interference measurement of spin interactions in a bio-organic/semiconductor device structure. Sci Rep 2015; 5:9487. [PMID: 25820781 PMCID: PMC4377638 DOI: 10.1038/srep09487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantum interference is used to measure the spin interactions between an InAs surface electron system and the iron center in the biomolecule hemin in nanometer proximity in a bio-organic/semiconductor device structure. The interference quantifies the influence of hemin on the spin decoherence properties of the surface electrons. The decoherence times of the electrons serve to characterize the biomolecule, in an electronic complement to the use of spin decoherence times in magnetic resonance. Hemin, prototypical for the heme group in hemoglobin, is used to demonstrate the method, as a representative biomolecule where the spin state of a metal ion affects biological functions. The electronic determination of spin decoherence properties relies on the quantum correction of antilocalization, a result of quantum interference in the electron system. Spin-flip scattering is found to increase with temperature due to hemin, signifying a spin exchange between the iron center and the electrons, thus implying interactions between a biomolecule and a solid-state system in the hemin/InAs hybrid structure. The results also indicate the feasibility of artificial bioinspired materials using tunable carrier systems to mediate interactions between biological entities.
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Capron T, Forestier G, Perrat-Mabilon A, Peaucelle C, Meunier T, Bäuerle C, Lévy LP, Carpentier D, Saminadayar L. Magnetic dephasing in mesoscopic spin glasses. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 111:187203. [PMID: 24237556 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.187203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We have measured universal conductance fluctuations in the metallic spin glass Ag:Mn as a function of temperature and magnetic field. From this measurement, we can access the phase coherence time of the electrons in the spin glass. We show that this phase coherence time increases with both the inverse of the temperature and the magnetic field. From this, we deduce that decoherence mechanisms are still active even deep in the spin glass phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibaut Capron
- CNRS, Institut Néel, B.P. 166, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 09, France
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Ataç D, Gang T, Yilmaz MD, Bose SK, Lenferink ATM, Otto C, de Jong MP, Huskens J, van der Wiel WG. Tuning the Kondo effect in thin Au films by depositing a thin layer of Au on molecular spin-dopants. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2013; 24:375204. [PMID: 23975183 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/24/37/375204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We report on the tuning of the Kondo effect in thin Au films containing a monolayer of cobalt(II) terpyridine complexes by altering the ligand structure around the Co(2+) ions by depositing a thin Au capping layer on top of the monolayer on Au by magnetron sputtering (more energetic) and e-beam evaporation (softer). We show that the Kondo effect is slightly enhanced with respect to that of the uncapped film when the cap is deposited by evaporation, and significantly enhanced when magnetron sputtering is used. The Kondo temperature (TK) increases from 3 to 4.2/6.2 K for the evaporated/sputtered caps. X-ray absorption spectroscopy and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy investigation showed that the organic ligands remain intact upon Au e-beam evaporation; however, sputtering inflicts significant change in the Co(2+) electronic environment. The location of the monolayer-on the surface or embedded in the film-has a small effect. However, the damage of Co-N bonds induced by sputtering has a drastic effect on the increase of the impurity-electron interaction. This opens up the way for tuning of the magnetic impurity states, e.g. spin quantum number, binding energy with respect to the host Fermi energy, and overlap via the ligand structure around the ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ataç
- NanoElectronics Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
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Gang T, Yilmaz MD, Ataç D, Bose SK, Strambini E, Velders AH, de Jong MP, Huskens J, van der Wiel WG. Tunable doping of a metal with molecular spins. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2012; 7:232-236. [PMID: 22306840 DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2012.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2011] [Accepted: 12/23/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The mutual interaction of localized magnetic moments and their interplay with itinerant conduction electrons in a solid are central to many phenomena in condensed-matter physics, including magnetic ordering and related many-body phenomena such as the Kondo effect, the Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yoshida interaction and carrier-induced ferromagnetism in diluted magnetic semiconductors. The strength and relative importance of these spin phenomena are determined by the magnitude and sign of the exchange interaction between the localized magnetic moments and also by the mean distance between them. Detailed studies of such systems require the ability to tune the mean distance between the localized magnetic moments, which is equivalent to being able to control the concentration of magnetic impurities in the host material. Here, we present a method for doping a gold film with localized magnetic moments that involves depositing a monolayer of a metal terpyridine complex onto the film. The metal ions in the complexes can be cobalt or zinc, and the concentration of magnetic impurities in the gold film can be controlled by varying the relative amounts of cobalt complexes (which carry a spin) and zinc complexes (which have zero spin). Kondo and weak localization measurements demonstrate that the magnetic impurity concentration can be systematically varied up to ∼800 ppm without any sign of inter-impurity interaction. Moreover, we find no evidence for the unwanted clustering that is often produced when using alternative methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Gang
- NanoElectronics Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, PO Box 217, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands
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Parks JJ, Champagne AR, Costi TA, Shum WW, Pasupathy AN, Neuscamman E, Flores-Torres S, Cornaglia PS, Aligia AA, Balseiro CA, Chan GKL, Abruna HD, Ralph DC. Mechanical Control of Spin States in Spin-1 Molecules and the Underscreened Kondo Effect. Science 2010; 328:1370-3. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1186874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 358] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Roch N, Florens S, Costi TA, Wernsdorfer W, Balestro F. Observation of the underscreened Kondo effect in a molecular transistor. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 103:197202. [PMID: 20365950 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.197202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We present the first quantitative experimental evidence for the underscreened Kondo effect, an incomplete compensation of a quantized magnetic moment by conduction electrons, as originally proposed by Nozières and Blandin. The device consists of an even charge spin S=1 molecular quantum dot, obtained by electromigration of C60 molecules into gold nanogaps and operated in a dilution fridge. The persistence of logarithmic singularities in the low temperature conductance is demonstrated by a comparison to the fully screened configuration obtained in odd charge spin S=1/2 Coulomb diamonds. We also discover an extreme sensitivity of the underscreened Kondo resonance to the magnetic field that we confirm on the basis of numerical renormalization group calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Roch
- Institut Néel, associé à l'UJF, CNRS, BP 166, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
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Niimi Y, Baines Y, Capron T, Mailly D, Lo FY, Wieck AD, Meunier T, Saminadayar L, Bäuerle C. Effect of disorder on the quantum coherence in mesoscopic wires. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 102:226801. [PMID: 19658885 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.226801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2008] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We present phase coherence time measurements in quasi-one-dimensional mesoscopic wires made from high mobility two-dimensional electron gas. By implanting gallium ions into a GaAs/AlGaAs heterojunction we are able to vary the diffusion coefficient over 2 orders of magnitude. We show that in the diffusive limit, the decoherence time follows a power law as a function of diffusion coefficient as expected by theory. When the disorder is low enough so that the samples are semiballistic, we observe a new and unexpected regime in which the phase coherence time is independent of disorder. In addition, for all samples the temperature dependence of the phase coherence time follows a power law down to the lowest temperatures without any sign of saturation and this strongly suggests that the frequently observed low temperature saturation is not intrinsic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Niimi
- Institut Néel, CNRS, B.P. 166, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 09, France
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9
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Costi TA, Bergqvist L, Weichselbaum A, von Delft J, Micklitz T, Rosch A, Mavropoulos P, Dederichs PH, Mallet F, Saminadayar L, Bäuerle C. Kondo decoherence: finding the right spin model for iron impurities in gold and silver. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 102:056802. [PMID: 19257534 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.056802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We exploit the decoherence of electrons due to magnetic impurities, studied via weak localization, to resolve a long-standing question concerning the classic Kondo systems of Fe impurities in the noble metals gold and silver: which Kondo-type model yields a realistic description of the relevant multiple bands, spin, and orbital degrees of freedom? Previous studies suggest a fully screened spin S Kondo model, but the value of S remained ambiguous. We perform density functional theory calculations that suggest S=3/2. We also compare previous and new measurements of both the resistivity and decoherence rate in quasi-one-dimensional wires to numerical renormalization group predictions for S=1/2, 1, and 3/2, finding excellent agreement for S=3/2.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Costi
- Institut für Festkörperforschung, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
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Zhuravlev A, Zharekeshev I, Gorelov E, Lichtenstein AI, Mucciolo ER, Kettemann S. Nonperturbative scaling theory of free magnetic moment phases in disordered metals. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2007; 99:247202. [PMID: 18233477 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.99.247202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The crossover between a free magnetic moment phase and a Kondo phase in low-dimensional disordered metals with dilute magnetic impurities is studied. We perform a finite-size scaling analysis of the distribution of the Kondo temperature obtained from a numerical renormalization group calculation of the local magnetic susceptibility for a fixed disorder realization and from the solution of the self-consistent Nagaoka-Suhl equation. We find a sizable fraction of free (unscreened) magnetic moments when the exchange coupling falls below a critical value Jc. Between the free moment phase due to Anderson localization and the Kondo-screened phase we find a phase where free moments occur due to the appearance of random local pseudogaps at the Fermi energy whose width and power scale with the elastic scattering rate 1/tau.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Zhuravlev
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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Huang SM, Lee TC, Akimoto H, Kono K, Lin JJ. Observation of strong electron dephasing in highly disordered Cu93Ge4Au3 thin films. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2007; 99:046601. [PMID: 17678384 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.99.046601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2006] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
We report the observation of strong electron dephasing in a series of disordered Cu93Ge4Au3 thin films. A very short electron dephasing time possessing very weak temperature dependence around 6 K, followed by an upturn with further decrease in temperature below 4 K, is found. The upturn is progressively more pronounced in more disordered samples. Moreover, a lnT-dependent, but high-magnetic-field-insensitive, resistance rise persisting from above 10 K down to 30 mK is observed in the films. These results suggest a nonmagnetic dephasing process which is stronger than any known mechanism and may originate from the coupling of conduction electrons to dynamic defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Huang
- Institute of Physics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
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Simonin J. Kondo quantum dots and the novel Kondo-doublet interaction. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2006; 97:266804. [PMID: 17280450 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.97.266804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2006] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
We analyze the interactions between two Kondo quantum dots connected to a Rashba-active quantum wire. We find that the Kondo-doublet interaction, at an interdot distance of the order of the wire Fermi length, is over an order of magnitude greater than the RKKY interaction. The effects induced on the Kondo-doublet interaction by the wire spin-orbit coupling can be used to control the quantum dots spin-spin correlation. These results imply that the widely used assumption that the RKKY is the dominant interaction between Anderson impurities must be revised.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Simonin
- Centro Atómico Bariloche and Instituto Balseiro, 8400 S.C. de Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
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Alzoubi GM, Birge NO. Phase coherence of conduction electrons below the Kondo temperature. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2006; 97:226803. [PMID: 17155826 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.97.226803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
We have measured the phase decoherence rate tau_{varphi};{-1} of conduction electrons in disordered Ag wires implanted with 2 and 10 ppm Fe impurities, by means of the weak-localization magnetoresistance. The Kondo temperature of Fe in Ag, T_{K} approximately 4 K, is in the ideal temperature range to study the progressive screening of the Fe spins as the temperature T falls below T_{K}. The contribution to tau_{varphi};{-1} from the Fe impurities is clearly visible over the temperature range 40 mK-10 K. Below T_{K}, tau_{varphi};{-1} falls rapidly until T/T_{K} approximately 0.1, in agreement with recent theoretical calculations. At lower T tau_{varphi};{-1} deviates from theory with a flatter T-dependence. Understanding this anomalous dephasing for T/T_{K}<0.1 may require theoretical models with larger spin and number of channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gassem M Alzoubi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-2320, USA
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