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Lyu R, Moore CE, Liu T, Yu Y, Wu Y. Predictive Design Model for Low-Dimensional Organic-Inorganic Halide Perovskites Assisted by Machine Learning. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:12766-12776. [PMID: 34357756 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c05441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Low-dimensional organic-inorganic halide perovskites have attracted interest for their properties in exciton dynamics, broad-band emission, magnetic spin selectivity. However, there is no quantitative model for predicting the structure-directing effect of organic cations on the dimensionality of these low-dimensional perovskites. Here, we report a machine learning (ML)-assisted approach to predict the dimensionality of lead iodide-based perovskites. A literature review reveals 86 reported amines that are classified into "2D"-forming and "non-2D"-forming based on the dimensionality of their perovskites. Machining learning models were trained and tested based on the classification and descriptor features of these ammonium cations. Four structural features, including steric effect index, eccentricity, largest ring size, and hydrogen-bond donor, have been identified as the key controlling factors. On the basis of these features, a quantified equation is created to calculate the probability of forming 2D perovskite for a selected amine. To further illustrate its predicting capability, the built model is applied to several untested amines, and the predicted dimensionality is verified by growing single crystals of perovskites from these amines. This work represents a step toward predicting the crystal structures of low dimensional hybrid halide perovskites using ML as a tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyang Lyu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Curtis E Moore
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Tianyu Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Yongze Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Yiying Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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Li X, Hoffman JM, Kanatzidis MG. The 2D Halide Perovskite Rulebook: How the Spacer Influences Everything from the Structure to Optoelectronic Device Efficiency. Chem Rev 2021; 121:2230-2291. [PMID: 33476131 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) halide perovskites have emerged as outstanding semiconducting materials thanks to their superior stability and structural diversity. However, the ever-growing field of optoelectronic device research using 2D perovskites requires systematic understanding of the effects of the spacer on the structure, properties, and device performance. So far, many studies are based on trial-and-error tests of random spacers with limited ability to predict the resulting structure of these synthetic experiments, hindering the discovery of novel 2D materials to be incorporated into high-performance devices. In this review, we provide guidelines on successfully choosing spacers and incorporating them into crystalline materials and optoelectronic devices. We first provide a summary of various synthetic methods to act as a tutorial for groups interested in pursuing synthesis of novel 2D perovskites. Second, we provide our insights on what kind of spacer cations can stabilize 2D perovskites followed by an extensive review of the spacer cations, which have been shown to stabilize 2D perovskites with an emphasis on the effects of the spacer on the structure and optical properties. Next, we provide a similar explanation for the methods used to fabricate films and their desired properties. Like the synthesis section, we will then focus on various spacers that have been used in devices and how they influence the film structure and device performance. With a comprehensive understanding of these effects, a rational selection of novel spacers can be made, accelerating this already exciting field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Li
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Justin M Hoffman
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Mercouri G Kanatzidis
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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Lin CW, Liu F, Chen TY, Lee KH, Chang CK, He Y, Leung TL, Ng AMC, Hsu CH, Popović J, Djurišić A, Ahn H. Structure-Dependent Photoluminescence in Low-Dimensional Ethylammonium, Propylammonium, and Butylammonium Lead Iodide Perovskites. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:5008-5016. [PMID: 31888331 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b17881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites have attracted great attention as the next generation materials for photovoltaic and light-emitting devices. However, their environment instability issue remains as the largest challenge for practical applications. Recently emerging two-dimensional (2D) perovskites with Ruddlesden-Popper structures are found to greatly improve the stability and aging problems. Furthermore, strong confinement of excitons in these natural quantum-well structures results in the distinct and narrow light emission in the visible spectral range, enabling the development of spectrally tunable light sources. Besides the strong quasi-monochromatic emission, some 2D perovskites composed of the specific organic cations and inorganic layer structures emit a pronounced broadband emission. Herein, we report the light-emitting properties and the degradation of low-dimensional perovskites consisting of the three shortest alkylammonium spacers, mono-ethylammonium (EA), n-propylammonium (PA), and n-butylammonium (BA). While (BA)2PbI4 is known to form well-oriented 2D thin films consisting of layers of corner-sharing PbI6 octahedra separated by a bilayer of BA cations, EA with shorter alkyl chains tends to form other types of lower-dimensional structures. Nevertheless, optical absorption edges of as-prepared fresh EAPbI3, (PA)2PbI4, and (BA)2PbI4 are obviously blue-shifted to 2.4-2.5 eV compared to their 3D counterpart, methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) perovskite, and they all emit narrow excitonic photoluminescence. Furthermore, by carefully optimizing deposition conditions, we have achieved a predominantly 2D structure for (PA)2PbI4. However, unlike (BA)2PbI4, upon exposure to ambient environment, (PA)2PbI4 readily transforms to a different crystal structure, exhibiting a prominently broadband light from ∼500 to 800 nm and a gradual increase in intensity as structural transformation proceeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Wei Lin
- Department of Photonics, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering , National Chiao Tung University , Hsinchu 30010 , Taiwan
| | - Fangzhou Liu
- Department of Physics , University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong 999077 , China
| | - Ting-Yang Chen
- Department of Photonics, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering , National Chiao Tung University , Hsinchu 30010 , Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Hua Lee
- Department of Photonics, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering , National Chiao Tung University , Hsinchu 30010 , Taiwan
| | - Chung-Kai Chang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center , Hsinchu 30076 , Taiwan
| | - Yanling He
- Department of Physics , University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong 999077 , China
- Department of Physics , Southern University of Science and Technology , No. 1088, Xueyuan Road , Shenzhen , Guangdong 518055 , China
| | - Tik Lun Leung
- Department of Physics , Southern University of Science and Technology , No. 1088, Xueyuan Road , Shenzhen , Guangdong 518055 , China
| | - Alan Man Ching Ng
- Department of Physics , Southern University of Science and Technology , No. 1088, Xueyuan Road , Shenzhen , Guangdong 518055 , China
| | - Chia-Hung Hsu
- Department of Photonics, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering , National Chiao Tung University , Hsinchu 30010 , Taiwan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center , Hsinchu 30076 , Taiwan
| | - Jasminka Popović
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials and Sensing Devices, Division for Materials Physics, Laboratory for Synthesis and Crystallography of Functional Materials , Ruđer Bošković Institute , Bijenička 54 , Zagreb 52210 , Croatia
| | - Aleksandra Djurišić
- Department of Physics , University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong 999077 , China
| | - Hyeyoung Ahn
- Department of Photonics, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering , National Chiao Tung University , Hsinchu 30010 , Taiwan
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Hoffman JM, Che X, Sidhik S, Li X, Hadar I, Blancon JC, Yamaguchi H, Kepenekian M, Katan C, Even J, Stoumpos CC, Mohite AD, Kanatzidis MG. From 2D to 1D Electronic Dimensionality in Halide Perovskites with Stepped and Flat Layers Using Propylammonium as a Spacer. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:10661-10676. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b02846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Justin M. Hoffman
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Xiaoyang Che
- Univ Rennes, ENSCR, INSA Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) − UMR 6226, Rennes F-35000, France
| | - Siraj Sidhik
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Xiaotong Li
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Ido Hadar
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Jean-Christophe Blancon
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Hisato Yamaguchi
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Mikaël Kepenekian
- Univ Rennes, ENSCR, INSA Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) − UMR 6226, Rennes F-35000, France
| | - Claudine Katan
- Univ Rennes, ENSCR, INSA Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) − UMR 6226, Rennes F-35000, France
| | - Jacky Even
- Univ Rennes, INSA Rennes, CNRS, Institut FOTON − UMR 6082, Rennes F-35000, France
| | | | - Aditya D. Mohite
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Mercouri G. Kanatzidis
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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Talley A, Kelley AF, Bond MR. Poly[tetrakis( n-propylammonium) [octa-μ-chlorido-dichloridotrinickelate(II)]]: a hybrid organic–inorganic layer compound in the Cs 4Mg 3F 10structure type. Acta Crystallogr C 2011; 67:m395-9. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108270111050116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2011] [Accepted: 11/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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