1
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Rogals M, Eletsky A, Huang C, Morris LC, Moremen KW, Prestegard JH. Glycan Conformation in the Heavily Glycosylated Protein, CEACAM1. ACS Chem Biol 2022; 17:3527-3534. [PMID: 36417668 PMCID: PMC9764281 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.2c00714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Glycans attached to glycoproteins can contribute to stability, mediate interactions with other proteins, and initiate signal transduction. Glycan conformation, which is critical to these processes, is highly variable and often depicted as sampling a multitude of conformers. These conformers can be generated by molecular dynamics simulations, and more inclusively by accelerated molecular dynamics, as well as other extended sampling methods. However, experimental assessments of the contribution that various conformers make to a native ensemble are rare. Here, we use long-range pseudo-contact shifts (PCSs) of NMR resonances from an isotopically labeled glycoprotein to identify preferred conformations of its glycans. The N-terminal domain from human Carcinoembryonic Antigen Cell Adhesion Molecule 1, hCEACAM1-Ig1, was used as the model glycoprotein in this study. It has been engineered to include a lanthanide-ion-binding loop that generates PCSs, as well as a homogeneous set of three 13C-labeled N-glycans. Analysis of the PCSs indicates that preferred glycan conformers have extensive contacts with the protein surface. Factors leading to this preference appear to include interactions between N-acetyl methyls of GlcNAc residues and hydrophobic surface pockets on the protein surface.
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2
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Williams RV, Huang C, McDermott C, Ahmed T, Columbus L, Moremen KW, Prestegard JH, Amster IJ. Site-to-site cross-talk in OST-B glycosylation of hCEACAM1-IgV. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2202992119. [PMID: 36251991 PMCID: PMC9618145 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2202992119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
N-glycosylation is a common posttranslational modification of secreted proteins in eukaryotes. This modification targets asparagine residues within the consensus sequence, N-X-S/T. While this sequence is required for glycosylation, the initial transfer of a high-mannose glycan by oligosaccharyl transferases A or B (OST-A or OST-B) can lead to incomplete occupancy at a given site. Factors that determine the extent of transfer are not well understood, and understanding them may provide insight into the function of these important enzymes. Here, we use mass spectrometry (MS) to simultaneously measure relative occupancies for three N-glycosylation sites on the N-terminal IgV domain of the recombinant glycoprotein, hCEACAM1. We demonstrate that addition is primarily by the OST-B enzyme and propose a kinetic model of OST-B N-glycosylation. Fitting the kinetic model to the MS data yields distinct rates for glycan addition at most sites and suggests a largely stochastic initial order of glycan addition. The model also suggests that glycosylation at one site influences the efficiency of subsequent modifications at the other sites, and glycosylation at the central or N-terminal site leads to dead-end products that seldom lead to full glycosylation of all three sites. Only one path of progressive glycosylation, one initiated by glycosylation at the C-terminal site, can efficiently lead to full occupancy for all three sites. Thus, the hCEACAM1 domain provides an effective model system to study site-specific recognition of glycosylation sequons by OST-B and suggests that the order and efficiency of posttranslational glycosylation is influenced by steric cross-talk between adjoining acceptor sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert V. Williams
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
| | - Chin Huang
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
| | - Connor McDermott
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901
| | - Tanvir Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
| | - Linda Columbus
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901
| | - Kelley W. Moremen
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
| | - James H. Prestegard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
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3
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Gandhi AK, Sun ZYJ, Huang YH, Kim WM, Yang C, Petsko GA, Beauchemin N, Blumberg RS. Structural analysis of human CEACAM1 oligomerization. Commun Biol 2022; 5:1042. [PMID: 36180783 PMCID: PMC9525683 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03996-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The human (h) CEACAM1 GFCC’ face serves as a binding site for homophilic and heterophilic interactions with various microbial and host ligands. hCEACAM1 has also been observed to form oligomers and micro-clusters on the cell surface which are thought to regulate hCEACAM1-mediated signaling. However, the structural basis for hCEACAM1 higher-order oligomerization is currently unknown. To understand this, we report a hCEACAM1 IgV oligomer crystal structure which shows how GFCC’ face-mediated homodimerization enables highly flexible ABED face interactions to arise. Structural modeling and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies predict that such oligomerization is not impeded by the presence of carbohydrate side-chain modifications. In addition, using UV spectroscopy and NMR studies, we show that oligomerization is further facilitated by the presence of a conserved metal ion (Zn++ or Ni++) binding site on the G strand of the FG loop. Together these studies provide biophysical insights on how GFCC’ and ABED face interactions together with metal ion binding may facilitate hCEACAM1 oligomerization beyond dimerization. The crystal structure of human CEACAM1 IgV oligomer and structural analyses provide insight into higher-order oligomerization involving GFCC’ face-mediated homodimerization, flexible ABED interfaces, and dynamic metal-ion bridging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit K Gandhi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Zhen-Yu J Sun
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Yu-Hwa Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Walter M Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Chao Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Gregory A Petsko
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Nicole Beauchemin
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Richard S Blumberg
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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4
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Kim EY, Cha YJ, Jeong S, Chang YS. Overexpression of CEACAM6 activates Src-FAK signaling and inhibits anoikis, through homophilic interactions in lung adenocarcinomas. Transl Oncol 2022; 20:101402. [PMID: 35358791 PMCID: PMC8968058 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
CEACAM6 is overexpressed in most lung adenocarcinomas. CEACAM6 is significantly expressed in lung cancer cells of non-smokers. Lung adenocarcinoma patients overexpressing CEACAM6 have shorter overall survival. Exogenous CEACAM5/6 interacts with cell membrane-bound CEACAM6 in lung cancers. CEACAM6 homophilic interactions inhibit anoikis through Src-FAK activation.
Among carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule (CEACAM) family proteins, CEACAM6 has received less attention than CEACAM5 and its presence and role in lung cancer are largely unknown. The application of CellphoneDB on the single cell RNA sequencing dataset showed that the homophilic interactions among CEACAM6 molecules, which are overexpressed in lung cancer cells were highly significant. CEACAM6 was overexpressed in 80.1% of lung adenocarcinomas and its overexpression had a significant relationship with non-smoking history and activating EGFR mutations. The effect of CEACAM6 overexpression on patient prognosis was evaluated using TCGA-LUAD dataset; the CEACAM6 overexpression group showed a shorter overall survival than that of the control group when matched for stage, age, sex, and pack-years. Immunoblotting of cell culture soup and ELISA of human derived material suggested that the majority of CEACAM6 was present on the cancer cell surface and interacted with other cancer cells in the crowded tumor microenvironment. Treatment with CEACAM6 showed CEACAM6 homophilic interactions in the cell membrane and anoikis inhibition through the activation of the Src-FAK pathway. Inhibition of CEACAM6 or its homophilic interactions in the cancer cell membrane may provide another therapeutic strategy for lung cancer.
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5
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Belcher Dufrisne M, Swope N, Kieber M, Yang JY, Han J, Li J, Moremen KW, Prestegard JH, Columbus L. Human CEACAM1 N-domain dimerization is independent from glycan modifications. Structure 2022; 30:658-670.e5. [PMID: 35219398 PMCID: PMC9081242 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2022.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Carcinoembryonic cellular adhesion molecules (CEACAMs) serve diverse roles in cell signaling, proliferation, and survival and are made up of one or several immunoglobulin (Ig)-like ectodomains glycosylated in vivo. The physiological oligomeric state and how it contributes to protein function are central to understanding CEACAMs. Two putative dimer conformations involving different CEACAM1 N-terminal Ig-like domain (CCM1) protein faces (ABED and GFCC'C″) were identified from crystal structures. GFCC'C″ was identified as the dominant CCM1 solution dimer, but ambiguity regarding the effect of glycosylation on dimer formation calls its physiological relevance into question. We present the first crystal structure of minimally glycosylated CCM1 in the GFCC'C″ dimer conformation and characterization in solution by continuous-wave and double electron-electron resonance electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. Our results suggest the GFCC'C″ dimer is dominant in solution with different levels of glycosylation, and structural conservation and co-evolved residues support that the GFCC'C″ dimer is conserved across CEACAMs.
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6
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Gandhi AK, Sun ZYJ, Kim WM, Huang YH, Kondo Y, Bonsor DA, Sundberg EJ, Wagner G, Kuchroo VK, Petsko GA, Blumberg RS. Structural basis of the dynamic human CEACAM1 monomer-dimer equilibrium. Commun Biol 2021; 4:360. [PMID: 33742094 PMCID: PMC7979749 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-01871-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human (h) carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) function depends upon IgV-mediated homodimerization or heterodimerization with host ligands, including hCEACAM5, hTIM-3, PD-1, and a variety of microbial pathogens. However, there is little structural information available on how hCEACAM1 transitions between monomeric and dimeric states which in the latter case is critical for initiating hCEACAM1 activities. We therefore mutated residues within the hCEACAM1 IgV GFCC' face including V39, I91, N97, and E99 and examined hCEACAM1 IgV monomer-homodimer exchange using differential scanning fluorimetry, multi-angle light scattering, X-ray crystallography and/or nuclear magnetic resonance. From these studies, we describe hCEACAM1 homodimeric, monomeric and transition states at atomic resolution and its conformational behavior in solution through NMR assignment of the wildtype (WT) hCEACAM1 IgV dimer and N97A mutant monomer. These studies reveal the flexibility of the GFCC' face and its important role in governing the formation of hCEACAM1 dimers and selective heterodimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit K. Gandhi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Zhen-Yu J. Sun
- grid.65499.370000 0001 2106 9910Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA
| | - Walter M. Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Yu-Hwa Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Yasuyuki Kondo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA ,grid.31432.370000 0001 1092 3077Present Address: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Daniel A. Bonsor
- grid.411024.20000 0001 2175 4264Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Eric J. Sundberg
- grid.411024.20000 0001 2175 4264Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD USA ,grid.411024.20000 0001 2175 4264Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD USA ,grid.411024.20000 0001 2175 4264Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD USA ,grid.189967.80000 0001 0941 6502Present Address: Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA USA
| | - Gerhard Wagner
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Vijay K. Kuchroo
- grid.62560.370000 0004 0378 8294Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - Gregory A. Petsko
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Richard S. Blumberg
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
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7
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Burman SSR, Nance ML, Jeliazkov JR, Labonte JW, Lubin JH, Biswas N, Gray JJ. Novel sampling strategies and a coarse-grained score function for docking homomers, flexible heteromers, and oligosaccharides using Rosetta in CAPRI rounds 37-45. Proteins 2020; 88:973-985. [PMID: 31742764 PMCID: PMC8589291 DOI: 10.1002/prot.25855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Critical Assessment of PRediction of Interactions (CAPRI) rounds 37 through 45 introduced larger complexes, new macromolecules, and multistage assemblies. For these rounds, we used and expanded docking methods in Rosetta to model 23 target complexes. We successfully predicted 14 target complexes and recognized and refined near-native models generated by other groups for two further targets. Notably, for targets T110 and T136, we achieved the closest prediction of any CAPRI participant. We created several innovative approaches during these rounds. Since round 39 (target 122), we have used the new RosettaDock 4.0, which has a revamped coarse-grained energy function and the ability to perform conformer selection during docking with hundreds of pregenerated protein backbones. Ten of the complexes had some degree of symmetry in their interactions, so we tested Rosetta SymDock, realized its shortcomings, and developed the next-generation symmetric docking protocol, SymDock2, which includes docking of multiple backbones and induced-fit refinement. Since the last CAPRI assessment, we also developed methods for modeling and designing carbohydrates in Rosetta, and we used them to successfully model oligosaccharide-protein complexes in round 41. Although the results were broadly encouraging, they also highlighted the pressing need to invest in (a) flexible docking algorithms with the ability to model loop and linker motions and in (b) new sampling and scoring methods for oligosaccharide-protein interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shourya S. Roy Burman
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Morgan L. Nance
- Program in Molecular Biophysics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Jason W. Labonte
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Joseph H. Lubin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Naireeta Biswas
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jeffrey J. Gray
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Program in Molecular Biophysics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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8
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Werner LM, Palmer A, Smirnov A, Belcher Dufrisne M, Columbus L, Criss AK. Imaging Flow Cytometry Analysis of CEACAM Binding to Opa-Expressing Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Cytometry A 2020; 97:1081-1089. [PMID: 32484607 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.24037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Human carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecules (CEACAMs) are a family of receptors that mediate intercellular interactions. Pathogenic bacteria have ligands that bind CEACAMs on human cells. Neisseria gonorrhoeae (Gc) encodes numerous unique outer membrane opacity-associated (Opa) proteins that are ligands for one or more CEACAMs. CEACAMs that are expressed on epithelial cells facilitate Gc colonization, while those expressed on neutrophils affect phagocytosis and consequent intracellular survival of Gc. Since Opa protein expression is phase-variable, variations in receptor tropism affect how individual bacteria within a population interact with host cells. Here we report the development of a rapid, quantitative method for collecting and analyzing fluorescence intensity data from thousands of cells in a population using imaging flow cytometry to detect N-CEACAM bound to the surface of Opa-expressing Gc. We use this method to confirm previous findings regarding Opa-CEACAM interactions and to examine the receptor-ligand interactions of Gc expressing other Opa proteins, as well as for other N-CEACAM proteins. © 2020 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lacie M Werner
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, 22903, USA
| | - Allison Palmer
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, 22903, USA
| | - Asya Smirnov
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, 22903, USA
| | | | - Linda Columbus
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, 22903, USA
| | - Alison K Criss
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, 22903, USA
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9
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Kim WM, Huang YH, Gandhi A, Blumberg RS. CEACAM1 structure and function in immunity and its therapeutic implications. Semin Immunol 2020; 42:101296. [PMID: 31604530 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2019.101296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The type I membrane protein receptor carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) distinctively exhibits significant alternative splicing that allows for tunable functions upon homophilic binding. CEACAM1 is highly expressed in the tumor environment and is strictly regulated on lymphocytes such that its expression is restricted to activated cells where it is now recognized to function in tolerance pathways. CEACAM1 is also an important target for microbes which have co-opted these attributes of CEACAM1 for the purposes of invading the host and evading the immune system. These properties, among others, have focused attention on CEACAM1 as a unique target for immunotherapy in autoimmunity and cancer. This review examines recent structural information derived from the characterization of CEACAM1:CEACAM1 interactions and heterophilic modes of binding especially to microbes and how this relates to CEACAM1 function. Through this, we aim to provide insights into targeting CEACAM1 for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter M Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Yu-Hwa Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Amit Gandhi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Richard S Blumberg
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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10
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Dapkūnas J, Kairys V, Olechnovič K, Venclovas Č. Template-based modeling of diverse protein interactions in CAPRI rounds 38-45. Proteins 2019; 88:939-947. [PMID: 31697420 DOI: 10.1002/prot.25845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Structures of proteins complexed with other proteins, peptides, or ligands are essential for investigation of molecular mechanisms. However, the experimental structures of protein complexes of interest are often not available. Therefore, computational methods are widely used to predict these structures, and, of those methods, template-based modeling is the most successful. In the rounds 38-45 of the Critical Assessment of PRediction of Interactions (CAPRI), we applied template-based modeling for 9 of 11 protein-protein and protein-peptide interaction targets, resulting in medium and high-quality models for six targets. For the protein-oligosaccharide docking targets, we used constraints derived from template structures, and generated models of at least acceptable quality for most of the targets. Apparently, high flexibility of oligosaccharide molecules was the main cause preventing us from obtaining models of higher quality. We also participated in the CAPRI scoring challenge, the goal of which was to identify the highest quality models from a large pool of decoys. In this experiment, we tested VoroMQA, a scoring method based on interatomic contact areas. The results showed VoroMQA to be quite effective in scoring strongly binding and obligatory protein complexes, but less successful in the case of transient interactions. We extensively used manual intervention in both CAPRI modeling and scoring experiments. This oftentimes allowed us to select the correct templates from available alternatives and to limit the search space during the model scoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justas Dapkūnas
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Visvaldas Kairys
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Kliment Olechnovič
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Česlovas Venclovas
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
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11
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Moonens K, Hamway Y, Neddermann M, Reschke M, Tegtmeyer N, Kruse T, Kammerer R, Mejías-Luque R, Singer BB, Backert S, Gerhard M, Remaut H. Helicobacter pylori adhesin HopQ disrupts trans dimerization in human CEACAMs. EMBO J 2018; 37:embj.201798665. [PMID: 29858229 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201798665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The human gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori is a major causative agent of gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and gastric cancer. As part of its adhesive lifestyle, the bacterium targets members of the carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule (CEACAM) family by the conserved outer membrane adhesin HopQ. The HopQ-CEACAM1 interaction is associated with inflammatory responses and enables the intracellular delivery and phosphorylation of the CagA oncoprotein via a yet unknown mechanism. Here, we generated crystal structures of HopQ isotypes I and II bound to the N-terminal domain of human CEACAM1 (C1ND) and elucidated the structural basis of H. pylori specificity toward human CEACAM receptors. Both HopQ alleles target the β-strands G, F, and C of C1ND, which form the trans dimerization interface in homo- and heterophilic CEACAM interactions. Using SAXS, we show that the HopQ ectodomain is sufficient to induce C1ND monomerization and thus providing H. pylori a route to influence CEACAM-mediated cell adherence and signaling events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristof Moonens
- Structural and Molecular Microbiology, Structural Biology Research Center, VIB, Brussels, Belgium.,Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Youssef Hamway
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Neddermann
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Biology, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Marc Reschke
- Institute of Anatomy, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Nicole Tegtmeyer
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Biology, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Robert Kammerer
- Institute of Immunology, Friedrich-Loeffler Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Raquel Mejías-Luque
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Bernhard B Singer
- Institute of Anatomy, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Steffen Backert
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Biology, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus Gerhard
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Han Remaut
- Structural and Molecular Microbiology, Structural Biology Research Center, VIB, Brussels, Belgium .,Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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12
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Bonsor DA, Zhao Q, Schmidinger B, Weiss E, Wang J, Deredge D, Beadenkopf R, Dow B, Fischer W, Beckett D, Wintrode PL, Haas R, Sundberg EJ. The Helicobacter pylori adhesin protein HopQ exploits the dimer interface of human CEACAMs to facilitate translocation of the oncoprotein CagA. EMBO J 2018; 37:embj.201798664. [PMID: 29724755 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201798664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infects half of the world's population, and strains that encode the cag type IV secretion system for injection of the oncoprotein CagA into host gastric epithelial cells are associated with elevated levels of cancer. CagA translocation into host cells is dependent on interactions between the H. pylori adhesin protein HopQ and human CEACAMs. Here, we present high-resolution structures of several HopQ-CEACAM complexes and CEACAMs in their monomeric and dimeric forms establishing that HopQ uses a coupled folding and binding mechanism to engage the canonical CEACAM dimerization interface for CEACAM recognition. By combining mutagenesis with biophysical and functional analyses, we show that the modes of CEACAM recognition by HopQ and CEACAMs themselves are starkly different. Our data describe precise molecular mechanisms by which microbes exploit host CEACAMs for infection and enable future development of novel oncoprotein translocation inhibitors and H. pylori-specific antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Bonsor
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Qing Zhao
- Chair of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Max von Pettenkofer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Barbara Schmidinger
- Chair of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Max von Pettenkofer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Evelyn Weiss
- Chair of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Max von Pettenkofer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jingheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Daniel Deredge
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Robert Beadenkopf
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Blaine Dow
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Wolfgang Fischer
- Chair of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Max von Pettenkofer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Dorothy Beckett
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Patrick L Wintrode
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rainer Haas
- Chair of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Max von Pettenkofer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Eric J Sundberg
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA .,Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
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13
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Martin JN, Ball LM, Solomon TL, Dewald AH, Criss AK, Columbus L. Neisserial Opa Protein-CEACAM Interactions: Competition for Receptors as a Means of Bacterial Invasion and Pathogenesis. Biochemistry 2016; 55:4286-94. [PMID: 27442026 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.6b00124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Carcino-embryonic antigen-like cellular adhesion molecules (CEACAMs), members of the immunoglobulin superfamily, are responsible for cell-cell interactions and cellular signaling events. Extracellular interactions with CEACAMs have the potential to induce phagocytosis, as is the case with pathogenic Neisseria bacteria. Pathogenic Neisseria species express opacity-associated (Opa) proteins, which interact with a subset of CEACAMs on human cells, and initiate the engulfment of the bacterium. We demonstrate that recombinant Opa proteins reconstituted into liposomes retain the ability to recognize and interact with CEACAMs in vitro but do not maintain receptor specificity compared to that of Opa proteins natively expressed by Neisseria gonorrhoeae. We report that two Opa proteins interact with CEACAMs with nanomolar affinity, and we hypothesize that this high affinity is necessary to compete with the native CEACAM homo- and heterotypic interactions in the host. Understanding the mechanisms of Opa protein-receptor recognition and engulfment enhances our understanding of Neisserial pathogenesis. Additionally, these mechanisms provide insight into how human cells that are typically nonphagocytic can utilize CEACAM receptors to internalize exogenous matter, with implications for the targeted delivery of therapeutics and development of imaging agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer N Martin
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, United States
| | - Louise M Ball
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, United States
| | - Tsega L Solomon
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, United States
| | - Alison H Dewald
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, United States
| | - Alison K Criss
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, United States
| | - Linda Columbus
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, United States
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14
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Zhuo Y, Yang JY, Moremen KW, Prestegard JH. Glycosylation Alters Dimerization Properties of a Cell-surface Signaling Protein, Carcinoembryonic Antigen-related Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 (CEACAM1). J Biol Chem 2016; 291:20085-95. [PMID: 27471271 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.740050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (C?/Au: EACAM1) is a cell-surface signaling molecule involved in cell adhesion, proliferation, and immune response. It is also implicated in cancer angiogenesis, progression, and metastasis. This diverse set of effects likely arises as a result of the numerous homophilic and heterophilic interactions that CEACAM1 can have with itself and other molecules. Its N-terminal Ig variable (IgV) domain has been suggested to be a principal player in these interactions. Previous crystal structures of the β-sandwich-like IgV domain have been produced using Escherichia coli-expressed material, which lacks native glycosylation. These have led to distinctly different proposals for dimer interfaces, one involving interactions of ABED β-strands and the other involving GFCC'C″ β-strands, with the former burying one prominent glycosylation site. These structures raise questions as to which form may exist in solution and what the effect of glycosylation may have on this form. Here, we use NMR cross-correlation measurements to examine the effect of glycosylation on CEACAM1-IgV dimerization and use residual dipolar coupling (RDC) measurements to characterize the solution structure of the non-glycosylated form. Our findings demonstrate that even addition of a single N-linked GlcNAc at potential glycosylation sites inhibits dimer formation. Surprisingly, RDC data collected on E. coli expressed material in solution indicate that a dimer using the non-glycosylated GFCC'C″ interface is preferred even in the absence of glycosylation. The results open new questions about what other factors may facilitate dimerization of CEACAM1 in vivo, and what roles glycosylation may play in heterophylic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Zhuo
- From the Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Jeong-Yeh Yang
- From the Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Kelley W Moremen
- From the Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - James H Prestegard
- From the Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
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15
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Bonsor DA, Günther S, Beadenkopf R, Beckett D, Sundberg EJ. Diverse oligomeric states of CEACAM IgV domains. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:13561-6. [PMID: 26483485 PMCID: PMC4640789 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1509511112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecules (CEACAMs) comprise a large family of cell surface adhesion molecules that bind to themselves and other family members to carry out numerous cellular functions, including proliferation, signaling, differentiation, tumor suppression, and survival. They also play diverse and significant roles in immunity and infection. The formation of CEACAM oligomers is caused predominantly by interactions between their N-terminal IgV domains. Although X-ray crystal structures of CEACAM IgV domain homodimers have been described, how CEACAMs form heterodimers or remain monomers is poorly understood. To address this key aspect of CEACAM function, we determined the crystal structures of IgV domains that form a homodimeric CEACAM6 complex, monomeric CEACAM8, and a heterodimeric CEACAM6-CEACAM8 complex. To confirm and quantify these interactions in solution, we used analytical ultracentrifugation to measure the dimerization constants of CEACAM homodimers and isothermal titration calorimetry to determine the thermodynamic parameters and binding affinities of CEACAM heterodimers. We found the CEACAM6-CEACAM8 heterodimeric state to be substantially favored energetically relative to the CEACAM6 homodimer. Our data provide a molecular basis for the adoption of the diverse oligomeric states known to exist for CEACAMs and suggest ways in which CEACAM6 and CEACAM8 regulate the biological functions of one another, as well as of additional CEACAMs with which they interact, both in cis and in trans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Bonsor
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Sebastian Günther
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Robert Beadenkopf
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Dorothy Beckett
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742
| | - Eric J Sundberg
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201; Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
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16
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Bonsor DA, Beckett D, Sundberg EJ. Structure of the N-terminal dimerization domain of CEACAM7. Acta Crystallogr F Struct Biol Commun 2015; 71:1169-75. [PMID: 26323304 PMCID: PMC4555925 DOI: 10.1107/s2053230x15013576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
CEACAM7 is a human cellular adhesion protein that is expressed on the surface of colon and rectum epithelial cells and is downregulated in colorectal cancers. It achieves cell adhesion through dimerization of the N-terminal IgV domain. The crystal structure of the N-terminal dimerization domain of CEACAM has been determined at 1.47 Å resolution. The overall fold of CEACAM7 is similar to those of CEACAM1 and CEACAM5; however, there are differences, the most notable of which is an insertion that causes the C'' strand to buckle, leading to the creation of a hydrogen bond in the dimerization interface. The Kdimerization for CEACAM7 determined by sedimentation equilibrium is tenfold tighter than that measured for CEACAM5. These findings suggest that the dimerization affinities of CEACAMs are modulated via sequence variation in the dimerization surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A. Bonsor
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Dorothy Beckett
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland College Park, Baltimore, MD 20742, USA
| | - Eric J. Sundberg
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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17
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Fox D, Larsson P, Lo RH, Kroncke BM, Kasson PM, Columbus L. Structure of the Neisserial outer membrane protein Opa₆₀: loop flexibility essential to receptor recognition and bacterial engulfment. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:9938-46. [PMID: 24813921 PMCID: PMC4105060 DOI: 10.1021/ja503093y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Revised: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The structure and dynamics of Opa proteins, which we report herein, are responsible for the receptor-mediated engulfment of Neisseria gonorrheae or Neisseria meningitidis by human cells and can offer deep understanding into the molecular recognition of pathogen-host receptor interactions. Such interactions are vital to understanding bacterial pathogenesis as well as the mechanism of foreign body entry to a human cell, which may provide insights for the development of targeted pharmaceutical delivery systems. The size and dynamics of the extracellular loops of Opa60 required a hybrid refinement approach wherein membrane and distance restraints were used to generate an initial NMR structural ensemble, which was then further refined using molecular dynamics in a DMPC bilayer. The resulting ensemble revealed that the extracellular loops, which bind host receptors, occupy compact conformations, interact with each other weakly, and are dynamic on the nanosecond time scale. We predict that this conformational sampling is critical for enabling diverse Opa loop sequences to engage a common set of receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel
A. Fox
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Per Larsson
- Center
for Membrane Biology and Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological
Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, United States
| | - Ryan H. Lo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Brett M. Kroncke
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Peter M. Kasson
- Center
for Membrane Biology and Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological
Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, United States
| | - Linda Columbus
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
- Center
for Membrane Biology and Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological
Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, United States
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18
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Pavlopoulou A, Scorilas A. A comprehensive phylogenetic and structural analysis of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) gene family. Genome Biol Evol 2014; 6:1314-26. [PMID: 24858421 PMCID: PMC4079198 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evu103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) gene family belongs to the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily and codes for a vast number of glycoproteins that differ greatly both in amino acid composition and function. The CEA family is divided into two groups, the carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecules (CEACAMs) and the pregnancy-specific glycoproteins. The CEA family members are implicated in pleiotropic (patho)physiological functions including cell-cell adhesion, pregnancy, immunity, neovascularization, regulation of insulin homeostasis, and carcinogenesis. In general, the CEA-encoded proteins are composed of an extracellular region with Ig variable and constant-like domains and a cytoplasmic region containing signaling motifs. Of particular interest, the well-studied human and mouse CEA genes are arranged in clusters in a single chromosome. Taking into account this characteristic, we made an effort to reconstruct the evolutionary history of the CEA gene family. Toward this end, the publicly available genomes were searched extensively for CEA homologs. The domain organization of the retrieved protein sequences was analyzed, and, subsequently, comprehensive phylogenetic analyses of the entire length CEA homologous proteins were performed. A series of evolutionarily conserved amino acid residues, functionally important, were identified. The relative positioning of these residues on the modeled tertiary structure of novel CEA protein domains revealed that they are, also, spatially conserved. Furthermore, the chromosomal arrangement of CEA genes was examined, and it was found that the CEA genes are preserved in terms of position, transcriptional orientation, and number in all species under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasia Pavlopoulou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas Scorilas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Athens, Greece
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19
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Innate recognition by neutrophil granulocytes differs between Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains causing local or disseminating infections. Infect Immun 2013; 81:2358-70. [PMID: 23630956 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00128-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule (CEACAM) family serve as cellular receptors for Neisseria gonorrhoeae. More specifically, neisserial colony opacity (OpaCEA)) proteins bind to epithelial CEACAMs (CEACAM1, CEA, CEACAM6) to promote bacterial colonization of the mucosa. In contrast, recognition by CEACAM3, expressed by human granulocytes, results in uptake and destruction of Opa(CEA)-expressing bacteria. Therefore, CEACAM3-mediated uptake might limit the spread of gonococci. However, some strains can cause disseminating gonococcal infections (DGIs), and it is currently unknown how these strains escape detection by granulocyte CEACAM3. Therefore, the opa gene loci from N. gonorrhoeae strain VP1, which was derived from a patient with disseminated gonococcal disease, were cloned and constitutively expressed in Escherichia coli. Similar to Opa proteins of the nondisseminating strain MS11, the majority of Opa proteins from strain VP1 bound epithelial CEACAMs and promoted CEACAM-initiated responses by epithelial cells. In sharp contrast to the Opa proteins of strain MS11, the Opa proteins of strain VP1 failed to interact with the human granulocyte receptor CEACAM3. Accordingly, bacteria expressing VP1 Opa proteins were not taken up by primary human granulocytes and did not trigger a strong oxidative burst. Analysis of Opa variants from four additional clinical DGI isolates again demonstrated a lack of CEACAM3 binding. In summary, our results reveal that particular N. gonorrhoeae strains express an Opa protein repertoire allowing engagement of epithelial CEACAMs for successful mucosal colonization, while avoiding recognition and elimination via CEACAM3-mediated phagocytosis. A failure of CEACAM3-mediated innate immune detection might be linked to the ability of gonococci to cause disseminated infections.
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20
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Orava EW, Abdul-Wahid A, Huang EHB, Mallick AI, Gariépy J. Blocking the attachment of cancer cells in vivo with DNA aptamers displaying anti-adhesive properties against the carcinoembryonic antigen. Mol Oncol 2013; 7:799-811. [PMID: 23656757 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2013.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Revised: 03/27/2013] [Accepted: 03/31/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The formation of metastatic foci occurs through a series of cellular events, initiated by the attachment and aggregation of cancer cells leading to the establishment of micrometastases. We report the derivation of synthetic DNA aptamers bearing anti-adhesive properties directed at cancer cells expressing the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Two DNA aptamers targeting the homotypic and heterotypic IgV-like binding domain of CEA were shown to block the cell adhesion properties of CEA, while not recognizing other IgV-like domains of CEACAM family members that share strong sequence and structural homologies. More importantly, the pre-treatment of CEA-expressing tumour cells with these aptamers prior to their intraperitoneal implantation resulted in the prevention of peritoneal tumour foci formation. Taken together, these results highlight the effectiveness of targeting the cell adhesion properties of cancer cells with aptamers in preventing tumour implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik W Orava
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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21
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Baral TN, Murad Y, Nguyen TD, Iqbal U, Zhang J. Isolation of functional single domain antibody by whole cell immunization: implications for cancer treatment. J Immunol Methods 2011; 371:70-80. [PMID: 21741385 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2011.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2011] [Revised: 05/11/2011] [Accepted: 06/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Carcinoembryonic antigen related cell adhesion molecule (CEACAM) 6 is over-expressed in different types of cancer cells. In addition, it has also been implicated in some infectious diseases. Targeting this molecule by an antibody might have applications in diverse tumor models. Single domain antibody (sdAb) is becoming very useful format in antibody engineering as potential tools for treating acute and chronic disease conditions such as cancer for both diagnostic as well as therapeutic application. Generally, sdAbs with good affinity are isolated from an immune library. Discovery of a new target antigen would require a new immunization with purified antigen which is not always easy. In this study, we have isolated, by phage display, an sdAb against CEACAM6 with an affinity of 5 nM from a llama immunized with cancer cells. The antibody has good biophysical properties, and it binds to the cells expressing the target antigen. Furthermore, it reduces cancer cells proliferation in vitro and shows an excellent tumor targeting in vivo. This sdAb could be useful in diagnosis as well as therapy of CEACAM6 expressing tumors. Finally, we envisage it would be feasible to isolate good sdAbs against other interesting tumor associated antigens from this library. Therefore, this immunization method could be a general strategy for isolating sdAbs against any surface antigen without immunizing the animal with the antigen of interest each time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toya Nath Baral
- Antibody Engineering, Institute for Biological Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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22
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Skubitz KM, Skubitz APN. Two new synthetic peptides from the N-domain of CEACAM1 (CD66a) stimulate neutrophil adhesion to endothelial cells. Biopolymers 2011; 96:25-31. [PMID: 20560140 DOI: 10.1002/bip.21447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Four members of the carcinoembryonic antigen family, CEACAMs 1, 3, 6, and 8, are expressed on human neutrophils and can trigger an activation signal that increases neutrophil adhesion to human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) monolayers. To identify active sites on CEACAM1, we previously performed molecular modeling using IgG and CD4 as models, and 28 peptides of 14 amino acids in length were synthesized that were predicted to be present at loops and turns between β-sheets. Three peptides, each from the N-terminal domain, increased neutrophil adhesion to HUVEC monolayers and upregulated cell-surface CD11b/CD18 expression on neutrophils. In our earlier study, one N-domain peptide (CD66a-7) was not successfully synthesized, and another N-domain peptide (CD66a-6) was not soluble in the assay system. In the present study, we have now successfully synthesized CD66a-7, and a new peptide (CD66a-6L), that is a modification of the peptide that was insoluble in the earlier study. Both of these new peptides increased neutrophil adhesion to HUVEC monolayers. Importantly, the amino acid sequence of CD66a-7 is identical to the homologous peptides from CEACAMs 3, 5, and 6, but differs from the homologous peptide of CEACAM8, which was not active in this system. CD66a-6L is identical to the homologous peptide from CEACAM6. The data suggest that peptide motifs from at least five regions of the N-terminal domain of CEACAM1 are involved in the interaction of CEACAM1 with other ligands and can initiate signal transduction in neutrophils. Some of these active peptides are identical to homologous regions of other CEACAMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith M Skubitz
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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23
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Klaile E, Vorontsova O, Sigmundsson K, Müller MM, Singer BB, Öfverstedt LG, Svensson S, Skoglund U, Öbrink B. The CEACAM1 N-terminal Ig domain mediates cis- and trans-binding and is essential for allosteric rearrangements of CEACAM1 microclusters. J Cell Biol 2009; 187:553-67. [PMID: 19948502 PMCID: PMC2779236 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.200904149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2009] [Accepted: 10/19/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) sense the extracellular microenvironment and transmit signals to the intracellular compartment. In this investigation, we addressed the mechanism of signal generation by ectodomains of single-pass transmembrane homophilic CAMs. We analyzed the structure and homophilic interactions of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-related CAM 1 (CEACAM1), which regulates cell proliferation, apoptosis, motility, morphogenesis, and microbial responses. Soluble and membrane-attached CEACAM1 ectodomains were investigated by surface plasmon resonance-based biosensor analysis, molecular electron tomography, and chemical cross-linking. The CEACAM1 ectodomain, which is composed of four glycosylated immunoglobulin-like (Ig) domains, is highly flexible and participates in both antiparallel (trans) and parallel (cis) homophilic binding. Membrane-attached CEACAM1 ectodomains form microclusters in which all four Ig domains participate. Trans-binding between the N-terminal Ig domains increases formation of CEACAM1 cis-dimers and changes CEACAM1 interactions within the microclusters. These data suggest that CEACAM1 transmembrane signaling is initiated by adhesion-regulated changes of cis-interactions that are transmitted to the inner phase of the plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Klaile
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Olga Vorontsova
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Mario M. Müller
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Lars-Göran Öfverstedt
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stina Svensson
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulf Skoglund
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Björn Öbrink
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
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24
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Conners R, Hill DJ, Borodina E, Agnew C, Daniell SJ, Burton NM, Sessions RB, Clarke AR, Catto LE, Lammie D, Wess T, Brady RL, Virji M. The Moraxella adhesin UspA1 binds to its human CEACAM1 receptor by a deformable trimeric coiled-coil. EMBO J 2008; 27:1779-89. [PMID: 18497748 PMCID: PMC2396876 DOI: 10.1038/emboj.2008.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2007] [Accepted: 04/23/2008] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Moraxella catarrhalis is a ubiquitous human-specific bacterium commonly associated with upper and lower respiratory tract infections, including otitis media, sinusitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The bacterium uses an autotransporter protein UspA1 to target an important human cellular receptor carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1). Using X-ray crystallography, we show that the CEACAM1 receptor-binding region of UspA1 unusually consists of an extended, rod-like left-handed trimeric coiled-coil. Mutagenesis and binding studies of UspA1 and the N-domain of CEACAM1 have been used to delineate the interacting surfaces between ligand and receptor and guide assembly of the complex. However, solution scattering, molecular modelling and electron microscopy analyses all indicate that significant bending of the UspA1 coiled-coil stalk also occurs. This explains how UspA1 can engage CEACAM1 at a site far distant from its head group, permitting closer proximity of the respective cell surfaces during infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Conners
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Darryl J Hill
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Elena Borodina
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Sarah J Daniell
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | | | | | - Lucy E Catto
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Donna Lammie
- Cardiff School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Timothy Wess
- Cardiff School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - R Leo Brady
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Mumtaz Virji
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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25
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Korotkova N, Yang Y, Le Trong I, Cota E, Demeler B, Marchant J, Thomas WE, Stenkamp RE, Moseley SL, Matthews S. Binding of Dr adhesins of Escherichia coli to carcinoembryonic antigen triggers receptor dissociation. Mol Microbiol 2007; 67:420-34. [PMID: 18086185 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2007.06054.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-related cell adhesion molecules (CEACAMs) are host receptors for the Dr family of adhesins of Escherichia coli. To define the mechanism for binding of Dr adhesins to CEACAM receptors, we carried out structural studies on the N-terminal domain of CEA and its complex with the Dr adhesin. The crystal structure of CEA reveals a dimer similar to other dimers formed by receptors with IgV-like domains. The structure of the CEA/Dr adhesin complex is proposed based on NMR spectroscopy and mutagenesis data in combination with biochemical characterization. The Dr adhesin/CEA interface overlaps appreciably with the region responsible for CEA dimerization. Binding kinetics, mutational analysis and spectroscopic examination of CEA dimers suggest that Dr adhesins can dissociate CEA dimers prior to the binding of monomeric forms. Our conclusions include a plausible mechanism for how E. coli, and perhaps other bacterial and viral pathogens, exploit CEACAMs. The present structure of the complex provides a powerful tool for the design of novel inhibitory strategies to treat E. coli infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Korotkova
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-7242, USA
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26
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Rougeaux C, Berger CN, Servin AL. hCEACAM1-4L downregulates hDAF-associated signalling after being recognized by the Dr adhesin of diffusely adhering Escherichia coli. Cell Microbiol 2007; 10:632-54. [PMID: 17979980 DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2007.01072.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Human decay accelerating factor (hDAF, CD55) and members of the carcinoembryonic-antigen-related cell-adhesion molecules (hCEACAMs) family are recognized as receptors by Gram-negative, diffusely adhering Escherichia coli (DAEC) strains expressing Afa/Dr adhesins. We report here that hCEACAM1-4L has a key function in downregulating the protein tyrosine Src kinase associated with hDAF signalling. After infecting HeLa epithelial cells stably transfected with hCEACAM1-4L cDNA with Dr adhesin-positive E. coli, the amount of the pTyr(416)-active form of the Src protein decreased, whereas that of the pTyr(527)-inactive form of Src protein did not increase. This downregulation of the Src protein implies that part of the hCEACAM1-4L protein had been translocated into lipid rafts, the protein was phosphorylated at Tyr residues in the cytoplasmic domain, and it was physically associated with the protein tyrosine phosphatase, SHP-2. Finally, we found that the hCEACAM1-4L-associated SHP-2 was not phosphorylated and lacked phosphatase activity, suggesting that the downregulation of Src protein associated with hDAF signalling results from the absence of dephosphorylation of the pTyr(527)-inactive form necessary for Src kinase activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémence Rougeaux
- INSERM, UMR756 Signalisation et Physiopathologie des Cellules Epithéliales, Châtenay-Malabry, France, and Université Paris-Sud XI, Faculté de Pharmacie, Châtenay-Malabry, France
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27
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Kneller JM, Ehlen T, Matisic JP, Miller D, Van Niekerk D, Lam WL, Marra M, Richards-Kortum R, Follen M, MacAulay C, Jones SJ. Using LongSAGE to Detect Biomarkers of Cervical Cancer Potentially Amenable to Optical Contrast Agent Labelling. Biomark Insights 2007. [DOI: 10.1177/117727190700200020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sixteen longSAGE libraries from four different clinical stages of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia have enabled us to identify novel cell-surface biomarkers indicative of CIN stage. By comparing gene expression profiles of cervical tissue at early and advanced stages of CIN, several genes are identified to be novel genetic markers. We present fifty-six cell-surface gene products differentially expressed during progression of CIN. These cell surface proteins are being examined to establish their capacity for optical contrast agent binding. Contrast agent visualization will allow real-time assessment of the physiological state of the disease process bringing vast benefit to cancer care. The data discussed in this publication have been submitted to NCBIs Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/ ) and are accessible through GEO Series accession number GSE6252.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie M. Kneller
- Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Thomas Ehlen
- Department of Gynaecologic Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jasenka P. Matisic
- Cancer Imaging, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Dianne Miller
- Department of Gynaecologic Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Dirk Van Niekerk
- Cervical Cancer Screening Program, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Wan L. Lam
- Cancer Genetics and Developmental Biology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Marco Marra
- Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Michelle Follen
- University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Biomedical Engineering Center, Houston, TX, U.S.A
| | - Calum MacAulay
- Cancer Imaging, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Steven J.M. Jones
- Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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