Design and performance of the APPLE-Knot undulator.
JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2015;
22:901-7. [PMID:
26134793 PMCID:
PMC4489533 DOI:
10.1107/s1600577515006062]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Along with the development of accelerator technology, synchrotron emittance has continuously decreased. This results in increased brightness, but also causes a heavy heat load on beamline optics. Recently, optical surfaces with 0.1 nm micro-roughness and 0.05 µrad slope error (r.m.s.) have become commercially available and surface distortions due to heat load have become a key factor in determining beamline performance, and heat load has become a serious problem at modern synchrotron radiation facilities. Here, APPLE-Knot undulators which can generate photons with arbitrary polarization, with low on-axis heat load, are reported.
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