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Kim YY, Khubbutdinov R, Carnis J, Kim S, Nam D, Nam I, Kim G, Shim CH, Yang H, Cho M, Min CK, Kim C, Kang HS, Vartanyants IA. Statistical analysis of hard X-ray radiation at the PAL-XFEL facility performed by Hanbury Brown and Twiss interferometry. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2022; 29:1465-1479. [PMID: 36345755 PMCID: PMC9641567 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577522008773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A Hanbury Brown and Twiss interferometry experiment based on second-order correlations was performed at the PAL-XFEL facility. The statistical properties of the X-ray radiation were studied within this experiment. Measurements were performed at the NCI beamline at 10 keV photon energy under various operation conditions: self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE), SASE with a monochromator, and self-seeding regimes at 120 pC, 180 pC and 200 pC electron bunch charge. Statistical analysis showed short average pulse duration from 6 fs to 9 fs depending on the operational conditions. A high spatial degree of coherence of about 70-80% was determined in the spatial domain for the SASE beams with the monochromator and self-seeding regime of operation. The obtained values describe the statistical properties of the beams generated at the PAL-XFEL facility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Yong Kim
- Photon Science, Deutsche Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ruslan Khubbutdinov
- Photon Science, Deutsche Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jerome Carnis
- Photon Science, Deutsche Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sangsoo Kim
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Daewoong Nam
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
- Photon Science Center, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Inhyuk Nam
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyujin Kim
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi Hyun Shim
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Haeryong Yang
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Myunghoon Cho
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Ki Min
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Changbum Kim
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Heung-Sik Kang
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Ivan A. Vartanyants
- Photon Science, Deutsche Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
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2
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Control Scheme of Phase-Shifter for Photon Energy Scan. PHOTONICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/photonics9060418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Variable gap undulator widely used in X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) enables the photon energy scan by changing its gap. A phase-shifter should be incorporated to compensate for the phase mismatch between the electron bunches and X-ray pulses arising while those traverse the drift space between undulator segments. The uncertainties in both the undulator parameter and the drift space distance introduce an error in calculating the optimum gap distance of the phase-shifter for the different undulator K. The phase-shifter gap needs to be set where the error is within the tolerable range. The control scheme we propose can maintain full FEL intensity over the scanned photon energies.
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3
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Hwang H, Galtier E, Cynn H, Eom I, Chun SH, Bang Y, Hwang GC, Choi J, Kim T, Kong M, Kwon S, Kang K, Lee HJ, Park C, Lee JI, Lee Y, Yang W, Shim SH, Vogt T, Kim S, Park J, Kim S, Nam D, Lee JH, Hyun H, Kim M, Koo TY, Kao CC, Sekine T, Lee Y. Subnanosecond phase transition dynamics in laser-shocked iron. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaaz5132. [PMID: 32548258 PMCID: PMC7274792 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaz5132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Iron is one of the most studied chemical elements due to its sociotechnological and planetary importance; hence, understanding its structural transition dynamics is of vital interest. By combining a short pulse optical laser and an ultrashort free electron laser pulse, we have observed the subnanosecond structural dynamics of iron from high-quality x-ray diffraction data measured at 50-ps intervals up to 2500 ps. We unequivocally identify a three-wave structure during the initial compression and a two-wave structure during the decaying shock, involving all of the known structural types of iron (α-, γ-, and ε-phase). In the final stage, negative lattice pressures are generated by the propagation of rarefaction waves, leading to the formation of expanded phases and the recovery of γ-phase. Our observations demonstrate the unique capability of measuring the atomistic evolution during the entire lattice compression and release processes at unprecedented time and strain rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Hwang
- Department of Earth System Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - E. Galtier
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - H. Cynn
- High Pressure Physics Group, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - I. Eom
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - S. H. Chun
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Y. Bang
- Department of Earth System Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - G. C. Hwang
- Department of Earth System Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - J. Choi
- Department of Earth System Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - T. Kim
- Department of Earth System Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - M. Kong
- Department of Earth System Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - S. Kwon
- Department of Earth System Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - K. Kang
- Department of Earth System Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - H. J. Lee
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - C. Park
- Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
| | - J. I. Lee
- Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongmoon Lee
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - W. Yang
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - S.-H. Shim
- School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - T. Vogt
- NanoCenter and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Sangsoo Kim
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - J. Park
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunam Kim
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - D. Nam
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - J. H. Lee
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - H. Hyun
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - M. Kim
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - T.-Y. Koo
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - C.-C. Kao
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - T. Sekine
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai 201203, China
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yongjae Lee
- Department of Earth System Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai 201203, China
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Krüger C, Fuchs J, Cattaneo L, Keller U. Attosecond resolution from free running interferometric measurements. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:12862-12871. [PMID: 32403774 DOI: 10.1364/oe.391791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Attosecond measurements reveal new physical insights in photoionization dynamics from atoms, molecules and condensed matter. However, on such time scales even a small timing jitter can significantly reduce the time resolution in pump-probe measurements. Here, we propose a novel technique to retrieve attosecond delays from a well-established attosecond interferometric technique, referred to as reconstruction of attosecond beating by interference of two-photon transition (RABBITT), which is unaffected by timing jitter and significantly improves the precision of state-of-the-art experiments. We refer to this new technique as the timing-jitter unaffected rabbitt time delay extraction method, in short TURTLE. Using this TURTLE technique we could measure the attosecond ionization time delay between argon and neon in full agreement with prior measurements. The TURTLE technique allows for attosecond time resolution without pump-probe time delay stabilization and without attosecond pulses because only a stable XUV frequency comb is required as a pump. This will more easily enable attosecond measurements at FELs, for example, and thus provide a valuable tool for attosecond science. Here we also make a MATLAB code available for the TURTLE fit with appropriate citation in return.
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Lee D, Park S, Lee K, Kim J, Park G, Nam KH, Baek S, Chung WK, Lee JL, Cho Y, Park J. Application of a high-throughput microcrystal delivery system to serial femtosecond crystallography. J Appl Crystallogr 2020; 53:477-485. [PMID: 32280322 PMCID: PMC7133064 DOI: 10.1107/s1600576720002423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Microcrystal delivery methods are pivotal in the use of serial femtosecond crystallography (SFX) to resolve the macromolecular structures of proteins. Here, the development of a novel technique and instruments for efficiently delivering microcrystals for SFX are presented. The new method, which relies on a one-dimensional fixed-target system that includes a microcrystal container, consumes an extremely low amount of sample compared with conventional two-dimensional fixed-target techniques at ambient temperature. This novel system can deliver soluble microcrystals without highly viscous carrier media and, moreover, can be used as a microcrystal growth device for SFX. Diffraction data collection utilizing this advanced technique along with a real-time visual servo scan system has been successfully demonstrated for the structure determination of proteinase K microcrystals at 1.85 Å resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghyeon Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, POSTECH, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Sehan Park
- PAL-XFEL, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, 80 Jigok-ro 127 beongil, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Keondo Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, POSTECH, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jangwoo Kim
- PAL-XFEL, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, 80 Jigok-ro 127 beongil, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Gisu Park
- PAL-XFEL, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, 80 Jigok-ro 127 beongil, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hyun Nam
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Life Science and Natural Resources, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangwon Baek
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, POSTECH, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan Kyun Chung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, POSTECH, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Lam Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, POSTECH, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunje Cho
- Department of Life Sciences, POSTECH, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehyun Park
- PAL-XFEL, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, 80 Jigok-ro 127 beongil, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
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Lee H, Shin J, Cho DH, Jung C, Sung D, Ahn K, Nam D, Kim S, Kim KS, Park SY, Fan J, Jiang H, Kang HC, Tono K, Yabashi M, Ishikawa T, Noh DY, Song C. Characterizing the intrinsic properties of individual XFEL pulses via single-particle diffraction. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2020; 27:17-24. [PMID: 31868731 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577519015443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
With each single X-ray pulse having its own characteristics, understanding the individual property of each X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) pulse is essential for its applications in probing and manipulating specimens as well as in diagnosing the lasing performance. Intensive research using XFEL radiation over the last several years has introduced techniques to characterize the femtosecond XFEL pulses, but a simple characterization scheme, while not requiring ad hoc assumptions, to address multiple aspects of XFEL radiation via a single data collection process is scant. Here, it is shown that single-particle diffraction patterns collected using single XFEL pulses can provide information about the incident photon flux and coherence property simultaneously, and the X-ray beam profile is inferred. The proposed scheme is highly adaptable to most experimental configurations, and will become an essential approach to understanding single X-ray pulses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heemin Lee
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - Jaeyong Shin
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - Do Hyung Cho
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - Chulho Jung
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - Daeho Sung
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - Kangwoo Ahn
- Department of Physics and Photon Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, South Korea
| | - Daewoong Nam
- PAL-XFEL Beamline Division, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - Sangsoo Kim
- PAL-XFEL Beamline Division, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - Kyung Sook Kim
- PAL-XFEL Beamline Division, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - Sang Yeon Park
- PAL-XFEL Beamline Division, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - Jiadong Fan
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaidong Jiang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
| | - Hyun Chol Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, South Korea
| | - Kensuke Tono
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Makina Yabashi
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | | | - Do Young Noh
- Department of Physics and Photon Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, South Korea
| | - Changyong Song
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, South Korea
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7
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Prat E, Dijkstal P, Aiba M, Bettoni S, Craievich P, Ferrari E, Ischebeck R, Löhl F, Malyzhenkov A, Orlandi GL, Reiche S, Schietinger T. Generation and Characterization of Intense Ultralow-Emittance Electron Beams for Compact X-Ray Free-Electron Lasers. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:234801. [PMID: 31868471 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.234801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The transverse emittance of the electron beam is a fundamental parameter in linac-based x-ray free-electron lasers (FELs). We present results of emittance measurements carried out at SwissFEL, a compact x-ray FEL facility at the Paul Scherrer Institute in Switzerland, including a description of the novel high-resolution measurement techniques and the optimization procedure. We obtained slice emittance values at the undulator entrance down to 200 nm for an electron beam with a charge of 200 pC and an rms duration of 30-40 fs. Furthermore, we achieved slice emittances as low as 100 nm for 10 pC beams with few fs duration. These values set new standards for electron linear accelerators. The quality, verification, and control of our electron beams allowed us to generate high-power FEL radiation for a wavelength as short as 0.1 nm using an electron beam with an energy of only 6 GeV. The emittance values demonstrated at SwissFEL would allow producing hard x-ray FEL pulses with even lower-energy beams, thus paving the way for even more compact and cost-effective FEL facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Prat
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - P Dijkstal
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- ETH Zürich, Department of Physics, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - M Aiba
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - S Bettoni
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - P Craievich
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - E Ferrari
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - R Ischebeck
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - F Löhl
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - A Malyzhenkov
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - G L Orlandi
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - S Reiche
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - T Schietinger
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
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