1
|
Allen JR, Wilkinson EG, Strader LC. Creativity comes from interactions: modules of protein interactions in plants. FEBS J 2022; 289:1492-1514. [PMID: 33774929 PMCID: PMC8476656 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Protein interactions are the foundation of cell biology. For robust signal transduction to occur, proteins interact selectively and modulate their behavior to direct specific biological outcomes. Frequently, modular protein interaction domains are central to these processes. Some of these domains bind proteins bearing post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation, whereas other domains recognize and bind to specific amino acid motifs. Other modules act as diverse protein interaction scaffolds or can be multifunctional, forming head-to-head homodimers and binding specific peptide sequences or membrane phospholipids. Additionally, the so-called head-to-tail oligomerization domains (SAM, DIX, and PB1) can form extended polymers to regulate diverse aspects of biology. Although the mechanism and structures of these domains are diverse, they are united by their modularity. Together, these domains are versatile and facilitate the evolution of complex protein interaction networks. In this review, we will highlight the role of select modular protein interaction domains in various aspects of plant biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey R. Allen
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, MO, USA,Center for Science and Engineering of Living Systems (CSELS), Washington University in St. Louis, MO, USA,Center for Engineering Mechanobiology (CEMB), Washington University in St. Louis, MO, USA,Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Edward G. Wilkinson
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, MO, USA,Center for Science and Engineering of Living Systems (CSELS), Washington University in St. Louis, MO, USA,Center for Engineering Mechanobiology (CEMB), Washington University in St. Louis, MO, USA,Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Lucia C. Strader
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, MO, USA,Center for Science and Engineering of Living Systems (CSELS), Washington University in St. Louis, MO, USA,Center for Engineering Mechanobiology (CEMB), Washington University in St. Louis, MO, USA,Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Micka M, Bryja V. Can We Pharmacologically Target Dishevelled: The Key Signal Transducer in the Wnt Pathways? Handb Exp Pharmacol 2021; 269:117-135. [PMID: 34382124 DOI: 10.1007/164_2021_527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Dishevelled (DVL) is the central signal transducer in both Wnt/β-catenin-dependent and independent signalling pathways. DVL is required to connect receptor complexes and downstream effectors. Since proximal Wnt pathway components and DVL itself are upregulated in many types of cancer, DVL represents an attractive therapeutic target in the Wnt-addicted cancers and other disorders caused by aberrant Wnt signalling. Here, we discuss progress in several approaches for the modulation of DVL function and hence inhibition of the Wnt signalling. Namely, we sum up the potential of modulation of enzymes that control post-translational modification of DVL - such as inhibition of DVL kinases or promotion of DVL ubiquitination and degradation. In addition, we discuss research directions that can take advantage of direct interaction with the protein domains essential for DVL function: the inhibition of DIX- and DEP-domain mediated polymerization and interaction of DVL PDZ domain with its ligands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Micka
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vítězslav Bryja
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic. .,Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
The structural biology of canonical Wnt signalling. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 48:1765-1780. [PMID: 32725184 PMCID: PMC7458405 DOI: 10.1042/bst20200243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The Wnt signalling pathways are of great importance in embryonic development and oncogenesis. Canonical and non-canonical Wnt signalling pathways are known, with the canonical (or β-catenin dependent) pathway being perhaps the best studied of these. While structural knowledge of proteins and interactions involved in canonical Wnt signalling has accumulated over the past 20 years, the pace of discovery has increased in recent years, with the structures of several key proteins and assemblies in the pathway being released. In this review, we provide a brief overview of canonical Wnt signalling, followed by a comprehensive overview of currently available X-ray, NMR and cryoEM data elaborating the structures of proteins and interactions involved in canonical Wnt signalling. While the volume of structures available is considerable, numerous gaps in knowledge remain, particularly a comprehensive understanding of the assembly of large multiprotein complexes mediating key aspects of pathway, as well as understanding the structure and activation of membrane receptors in the pathway. Nonetheless, the presently available data affords considerable opportunities for structure-based drug design efforts targeting canonical Wnt signalling.
Collapse
|
4
|
Kan W, Enos MD, Korkmazhan E, Muennich S, Chen DH, Gammons MV, Vasishtha M, Bienz M, Dunn AR, Skiniotis G, Weis WI. Limited dishevelled/Axin oligomerization determines efficiency of Wnt/β-catenin signal transduction. eLife 2020; 9:e55015. [PMID: 32297861 PMCID: PMC7200158 DOI: 10.7554/elife.55015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In Wnt/β-catenin signaling, the transcriptional coactivator β-catenin is regulated by its phosphorylation in a complex that includes the scaffold protein Axin and associated kinases. Wnt binding to its coreceptors activates the cytosolic effector Dishevelled (Dvl), leading to the recruitment of Axin and the inhibition of β-catenin phosphorylation. This process requires interaction of homologous DIX domains present in Dvl and Axin, but is mechanistically undefined. We show that Dvl DIX forms antiparallel, double-stranded oligomers in vitro, and that Dvl in cells forms oligomers typically <10 molecules at endogenous expression levels. Axin DIX (DAX) forms small single-stranded oligomers, but its self-association is stronger than that of DIX. DAX caps the ends of DIX oligomers, such that a DIX oligomer has at most four DAX binding sites. The relative affinities and stoichiometry of the DIX-DAX interaction provide a mechanism for efficient inhibition of β-catenin phosphorylation upon Axin recruitment to the Wnt receptor complex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Kan
- Department of Structural Biology and Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
| | - Michael D Enos
- Department of Structural Biology and Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
| | - Elgin Korkmazhan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
- Graduate Program in Biophysics, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Stefan Muennich
- Department of Structural Biology and Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
| | - Dong-Hua Chen
- Department of Structural Biology and Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
| | - Melissa V Gammons
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical CampusCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Mansi Vasishtha
- Department of Structural Biology and Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
| | - Mariann Bienz
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical CampusCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Alexander R Dunn
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
- Graduate Program in Biophysics, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Georgios Skiniotis
- Department of Structural Biology and Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
| | - William I Weis
- Department of Structural Biology and Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
- Graduate Program in Biophysics, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
van Dop M, Fiedler M, Mutte S, de Keijzer J, Olijslager L, Albrecht C, Liao CY, Janson ME, Bienz M, Weijers D. DIX Domain Polymerization Drives Assembly of Plant Cell Polarity Complexes. Cell 2020; 180:427-439.e12. [PMID: 32004461 PMCID: PMC7042713 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cell polarity is fundamental for tissue morphogenesis in multicellular organisms. Plants and animals evolved multicellularity independently, and it is unknown whether their polarity systems are derived from a single-celled ancestor. Planar polarity in animals is conferred by Wnt signaling, an ancient signaling pathway transduced by Dishevelled, which assembles signalosomes by dynamic head-to-tail DIX domain polymerization. In contrast, polarity-determining pathways in plants are elusive. We recently discovered Arabidopsis SOSEKI proteins, which exhibit polar localization throughout development. Here, we identify SOSEKI as ancient polar proteins across land plants. Concentration-dependent polymerization via a bona fide DIX domain allows these to recruit ANGUSTIFOLIA to polar sites, similar to the polymerization-dependent recruitment of signaling effectors by Dishevelled. Cross-kingdom domain swaps reveal functional equivalence of animal and plant DIX domains. We trace DIX domains to unicellular eukaryotes and thus show that DIX-dependent polymerization is an ancient mechanism conserved between kingdoms and central to polarity proteins. SOSEKI proteins are deeply conserved polar proteins in land plants A DIX domain mediates polymerization and polarization of SOSEKI proteins SOSEKI polymerization allows polar recruitment of an effector protein DIX-dependent polymerization is shared between animal and plant polarity proteins
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maritza van Dop
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marc Fiedler
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Sumanth Mutte
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen de Keijzer
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Lisa Olijslager
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Catherine Albrecht
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Che-Yang Liao
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marcel E Janson
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Mariann Bienz
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK.
| | - Dolf Weijers
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yamanishi K, Kumano W, Terawaki SI, Higuchi Y, Shibata N. Head-to-Tail Complex of Dishevelled and Axin-DIX Domains: Expression, Purification, Crystallographic Studies and Packing Analysis. Protein Pept Lett 2019; 26:792-797. [DOI: 10.2174/0929866526666190425152721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:Head-to-tail polymerising domains generating heterogeneous aggregates are generally difficult to crystallise. DIX domains, exclusively found in the Wnt signalling pathway, are polymerising factors following this head-to-tail arrangement; moreover, they are considered to play a key role in the heterotypic interaction between Dishevelled (Dvl) and Axin, which are cytoplasmic proteins also positively and negatively regulating the canonical Wnt/β- catenin signalling pathway, but this interaction mechanism is still unknown.Objective:This study mainly aimed to clarify whether the Dvl2 and Axin-DIX domains (Dvl2-DIX and Axin-DIX, respectively) form a helical polymer in a head-to-tail way during complexation.Methods:Axin-DIX (DAX) and Dvl2-DIX (DIX), carrying polymerisation-blocking mutations, were expressed as a fusion protein by using a flexible peptide linker to fuse the C-terminal of the former to the N-terminal of the latter, enforcing a defined 1:1 stoichiometry between them.Results:The crystal of the DAX–DIX fusion protein diffracted to a resolution of about 0.3 nm and a data set was collected at a 0.309 nm resolution. The structure was solved via the molecular replacement method by using the DIX and DAX structures. A packing analysis of the crystal revealed the formation of a tandem heterodimer in a head-to-tail way, as predicted by the Wntsignalosome model.Conclusion:The results demonstrated that the combination of polymerisation-blocking mutations and a fusion protein of two head-to-tail polymerising domains is effective especially for crystallising complexes among heterologous polymerising proteins or domains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kumpei Yamanishi
- Graduate School of Life Science, University of Hyogo, Ako-gun, Japan
| | - Wataru Kumano
- Graduate School of Life Science, University of Hyogo, Ako-gun, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Terawaki
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Higuchi
- Graduate School of Life Science, University of Hyogo, Ako-gun, Japan
| | - Naoki Shibata
- Graduate School of Life Science, University of Hyogo, Ako-gun, Japan
| |
Collapse
|