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Braese J, Lehnfeld F, Annibale VT, Oswald T, Beckhaus R, Manners I, Scheer M. Titanium-Catalyzed Polymerization of a Lewis Base-Stabilized Phosphinoborane. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301741. [PMID: 37498679 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The reaction of the Lewis base-stabilized phosphinoborane monomer tBuHPBH2 NMe3 (2 a) with catalytic amounts of bis(η5 :η1 -adamantylidenepentafulvene)titanium (1) provides a convenient new route to the polyphosphinoborane [tBuPH-BH2 ]n (3 a). This method offers access to high molar mass materials under mild conditions and with short reaction times (20 °C, 1 h in toluene). It represents an unprecedented example of a transition metal-mediated polymerization of a Lewis base-stabilized Group 13/15 compound. Preliminary studies of the substrate scope and a potential mechanism are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Braese
- Universität Regensburg, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, 94053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Felix Lehnfeld
- Universität Regensburg, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, 94053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Vincent T Annibale
- University of Victoria, Department of Chemistry, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Tim Oswald
- Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Institut für Chemie Carl-von-Ossietzky, Straße 9-11, 26129, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Beckhaus
- Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Institut für Chemie Carl-von-Ossietzky, Straße 9-11, 26129, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Ian Manners
- University of Victoria, Department of Chemistry, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Universität Regensburg, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, 94053, Regensburg, Germany
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2
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Fernández S, Fernando S, Planas O. Cooperation towards nobility: equipping first-row transition metals with an aluminium sword. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:14259-14286. [PMID: 37740303 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02722h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
The exploration for noble metals substitutes in catalysis has become a highly active area of research, driven by the pursuit of sustainable chemical processes. Although the utilization of base metals holds great potential as an alternative, their successful implementation in predictable catalytic processes necessitates the development of appropriate ligands. Such ligands must be capable of controlling their intricate redox chemistry and promote two-electron events, thus mimicking well-established organometallic processes in noble metal catalysis. While numerous approaches for infusing nobility to base metals have been explored, metal-ligand cooperation has garnered significant attention in recent years. Within this context, aluminium-based ligands offer interesting features to fine-tune the activity of metal centres, but their application in base metal catalysis remains largely unexplored. This perspective seeks to highlight the most recent breakthroughs in the reactivity of heterobimetallic aluminium-base-metal complexes, while also showcasing their potential to develop novel and predictable catalytic transformations. By turning the spotlight on such heterobimetallic species, we aim to inspire chemists to explore aluminium-base-metal species and expand the range of their applications as catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Fernández
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK.
| | - Selwin Fernando
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK.
| | - Oriol Planas
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK.
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3
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de Graaff S, Chandi A, Schmidtmann M, Beckhaus R. Cooperative Reactions of Pentafulvene Niobium Complexes: Formation of Alkylidene, Imido, Hydrazido, and Niobaaziridine Complexes. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon de Graaff
- Institut für Chemie, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, D-26111 Oldenburg, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - Amrit Chandi
- Institut für Chemie, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, D-26111 Oldenburg, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - Marc Schmidtmann
- Institut für Chemie, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, D-26111 Oldenburg, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - Rüdiger Beckhaus
- Institut für Chemie, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, D-26111 Oldenburg, Federal Republic of Germany
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4
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Rosenthal U. Advantages of Group 4 Metallocene Bis(trimethylsilyl)acetylene Complexes as Metallocene Sources Towards Other Synthetically used Systems. ChemistryOpen 2019; 8:1036-1047. [PMID: 31406652 PMCID: PMC6682945 DOI: 10.1002/open.201900196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Active species for synthetic and catalytic applications are formed from well defined complexes or mixtures of compounds. For group 4 metallocenes, three pathways for the formation of the reactive complex fragment [Cp'2M] are known: (i) reductive mixtures and well defined complexes which are able to form the metallocene fragments either by (ii) addition or (iii) substitution reactions. In this account for each of theses systems (i)-(iii) a prominent example will be discussed in detail, (i) the Negishi reagent Cp2ZrCl2/n-BuLi, (ii) bis(η5 : η1-pentafulvene) complexes and (iii) metallocene bis(trimethylsilyl)acetylene complexes, to show the advantages and the disadvantages for each of these methods for synthetic applications. This account summarizes some main advantages of group 4 metallocene bis(trimethylsilyl)acetylene complexes as metallocene generating agents over other synthetically used systems. For each of the special purposes, all described systems have advantages as well as disadvantages. The aim of this overview is to help synthetic chemists in selecting the most effective system on the basis of [Cp'2M] (M=Ti, Zr) for synthetic or catalytic puposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uwe Rosenthal
- Leibniz-Institute for Catalysis at theUniversity of RostockAlbert-Einstein-Strasse 29 A19059RostockGermany
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5
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Beckhaus R. Pentafulvene complexes of group four metals: Versatile organometallic building blocks. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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6
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Manßen M, Dierks A, de Graaff S, Schmidtmann M, Beckhaus R. Bis(η5
:η1
-pentafulvene)niobium(V) Complexes: Efficient Synthons for Niobium Carbene and Imido Derivatives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201805300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manfred Manßen
- Institut für Chemie; Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften; Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg; Postfach 2503 26111 Oldenburg Germany
| | - Anna Dierks
- Institut für Chemie; Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften; Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg; Postfach 2503 26111 Oldenburg Germany
| | - Simon de Graaff
- Institut für Chemie; Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften; Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg; Postfach 2503 26111 Oldenburg Germany
| | - Marc Schmidtmann
- Institut für Chemie; Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften; Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg; Postfach 2503 26111 Oldenburg Germany
| | - Rüdiger Beckhaus
- Institut für Chemie; Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften; Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg; Postfach 2503 26111 Oldenburg Germany
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7
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Manßen M, Dierks A, de Graaff S, Schmidtmann M, Beckhaus R. Bis(η5
:η1
-pentafulvene)niobium(V) Complexes: Efficient Synthons for Niobium Carbene and Imido Derivatives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:12062-12066. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201805300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manfred Manßen
- Institut für Chemie; Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften; Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg; Postfach 2503 26111 Oldenburg Germany
| | - Anna Dierks
- Institut für Chemie; Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften; Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg; Postfach 2503 26111 Oldenburg Germany
| | - Simon de Graaff
- Institut für Chemie; Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften; Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg; Postfach 2503 26111 Oldenburg Germany
| | - Marc Schmidtmann
- Institut für Chemie; Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften; Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg; Postfach 2503 26111 Oldenburg Germany
| | - Rüdiger Beckhaus
- Institut für Chemie; Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften; Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg; Postfach 2503 26111 Oldenburg Germany
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8
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Fischer M, Schaper R, Jaugstetter M, Schmidtmann M, Beckhaus R. Electrophilic d0 Cations of Group 4 Metals (M = Ti, Zr, Hf) Derived from Monopentafulvene Complexes: Direct Formation of Tridentate Cp,O,P-Ligands. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Malte Fischer
- Institut für Chemie, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, D-26111 Oldenburg, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - Raoul Schaper
- Institut für Chemie, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, D-26111 Oldenburg, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - Maximilian Jaugstetter
- Institut für Chemie, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, D-26111 Oldenburg, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - Marc Schmidtmann
- Institut für Chemie, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, D-26111 Oldenburg, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - Rüdiger Beckhaus
- Institut für Chemie, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, D-26111 Oldenburg, Federal Republic of Germany
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9
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Fischer M, Oswald T, Ebert H, Schmidtmann M, Beckhaus R. Expanding the Scope: Monopentafulvene and -Benzofulvene Complexes of Zirconium and Hafnium. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Malte Fischer
- Institut für Chemie, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Tim Oswald
- Institut für Chemie, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Hanna Ebert
- Institut für Chemie, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Marc Schmidtmann
- Institut für Chemie, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Beckhaus
- Institut für Chemie, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany
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10
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Oswald T, Gelert T, Lasar C, Schmidtmann M, Klüner T, Beckhaus R. Formation of Binuclear Zigzag Hexapentaene Titanium Complexes via a Titanacumulene [Ti=C=C=CH2
] Intermediate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:12297-12301. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201706674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tim Oswald
- Institut für Chemie; Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften, Carl von Ossietzky-Universität Oldenburg; Postfach 2503 26111 Oldenburg Germany
| | - Tina Gelert
- Institut für Chemie; Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften, Carl von Ossietzky-Universität Oldenburg; Postfach 2503 26111 Oldenburg Germany
| | - Christian Lasar
- Institut für Chemie; Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften, Carl von Ossietzky-Universität Oldenburg; Postfach 2503 26111 Oldenburg Germany
| | - Marc Schmidtmann
- Institut für Chemie; Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften, Carl von Ossietzky-Universität Oldenburg; Postfach 2503 26111 Oldenburg Germany
| | - Thorsten Klüner
- Institut für Chemie; Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften, Carl von Ossietzky-Universität Oldenburg; Postfach 2503 26111 Oldenburg Germany
| | - Rüdiger Beckhaus
- Institut für Chemie; Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften, Carl von Ossietzky-Universität Oldenburg; Postfach 2503 26111 Oldenburg Germany
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11
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Oswald T, Gelert T, Lasar C, Schmidtmann M, Klüner T, Beckhaus R. Formation of Binuclear Zigzag Hexapentaene Titanium Complexes via a Titanacumulene [Ti=C=C=CH2
] Intermediate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201706674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tim Oswald
- Institut für Chemie; Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften, Carl von Ossietzky-Universität Oldenburg; Postfach 2503 26111 Oldenburg Germany
| | - Tina Gelert
- Institut für Chemie; Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften, Carl von Ossietzky-Universität Oldenburg; Postfach 2503 26111 Oldenburg Germany
| | - Christian Lasar
- Institut für Chemie; Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften, Carl von Ossietzky-Universität Oldenburg; Postfach 2503 26111 Oldenburg Germany
| | - Marc Schmidtmann
- Institut für Chemie; Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften, Carl von Ossietzky-Universität Oldenburg; Postfach 2503 26111 Oldenburg Germany
| | - Thorsten Klüner
- Institut für Chemie; Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften, Carl von Ossietzky-Universität Oldenburg; Postfach 2503 26111 Oldenburg Germany
| | - Rüdiger Beckhaus
- Institut für Chemie; Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften, Carl von Ossietzky-Universität Oldenburg; Postfach 2503 26111 Oldenburg Germany
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