Effects of ethical leadership and formal control systems on employee opportunistic behavior in China

Moral leadership and employee workplace incivility: The roles of moral tolerance and leader trustworthiness

Drawing on social information processing theory, we conducted a crosssectional study to explore how moral leadership affects employees' workplace incivility. We tested our theoretical model with a sample of 427 employees of a Chinese textile processing company and 88 of their immediate leaders. The results indicate that moral leadership was negatively related to employees' workplace incivility, and moral tolerance partially mediated the relationship between moral leadership and workplace incivility. Furthermore, a high level of perceived leader trustworthiness amplified the negative impact of moral leadership on both employees' moral tolerance and workplace incivility. This study will help organizations to understand how moral leadership affects employees' workplace incivility and guide the managers to take effective measures to deal with such behaviors.

A New Contemporary Profession as Game Boosters: The Behavioural Emergence of Intellectual Opportunism

This study investigates the emergence of intellectual opportunism for game boosters in mobile social networks. It shows the supply and demand for upgrading game levels in mobile social networks. These supply and lucrative demand highlight a new temporary profession as game boosters. Game boosters facilitate framed newbie gamers who want to play at a higher game level without playing for a long time. This emergence of professionally game boosters is due to economic opportunism, promising their potential future incomes. Moreover, opportunistic mobile social networks (OMSNs) support the muscular appearance of the game booster profession. On the other hand, this study demonstrates that mobile social networks exploit hedonistic human needs by reflecting their behaviour and social relationships when building efficient and trustworthy business contracts. This study presents uniqueness supported by critical reasoning. First, it shows that the game booster phenomenon has emerged as a contemporary profession in society, promising future cash inflows above the average salaries of typical jobs. Second, this research demonstrates the sequential logic of economic opportunities, intellectual opportunism, and mobile social networks, constructing game boosters’ income generating. Nevertheless, this study acknowledges that the game booster profession has low integrity due to its members’ inconsistent and unprincipled virtues.

Reporting misdemeanors in the workplace: analysing enablers using modified TISM approach

Purpose

In the scope of the immense growth of corporate frauds and scandals, reporting unethical practices could be considered as an important mechanism to control them and ultimately improve organizational quality. To this end, this study proposes the conceptual framework comprising the enablers impacting employees' tendencies and behaviors to reporting misdemeanor in the workplace.

Design/methodology/approach

Systematic review of literature has been carried out. To understand the complexities among various enablers and to analyze their driving power and contingencies, a modified total interpretive structural modeling (TISM) approach has been adopted.

Findings

The findings indicate that enablers such as moral identity (MI) and job satisfaction (JS) having higher driving power (come at the bottom of the hierarchy) are relatively more important. Furthermore, perceived personal cost (PC), moral courage (MC), self-efficacy (SE) and anger have high dependent power of factors. Finally, the paper provides two paths that can lead to whistleblower's ethical decision.

Research limitations/implications

A conceptual framework delivered in this paper requires to test against the field data. However, the conceptual understanding of driving enablers paves the way to top management in recruiting and hiring people in the workplace.

Originality/value

This study represents the first attempt to apply TISM for whistleblowing phenomenon. It provides a comprehensive conceptual framework in order to address the relative importance of various individual enablers in developing reporting tendencies against misdemeanors.