New Development for Combined Bioscouring and Bleaching of Cotton-Based Fabrics

Critical Review on Sustainability in Denim: A Step toward Sustainable Production and Consumption of Denim

The exponential development in knowledge on the health and environmental concerns linked to conventional denim processing is directly responsible for the continuous increase in demand for the exploitation of sustainable denim. Research is essential to explore alternative methods to reduce the environmental impact caused by these industries. This review examines the many sustainable ways to produce denim, keeping in mind the problems that the denim industry is now facing in finding alternatives to conventional manufacturing practices. The most current advancements in environmentally friendly dyeing techniques for denim have been extensively discussed. These processes include the production of indigo from bacteria as well as different dyeing processes, such as digital spray, microbially assisted dyeing, and foam dyeing denim with indigo. In addition, this review covers the many environmentally friendly finishing methods for denim garments, such as ozone fading, e-flow, enzyme-based bleaching, water, laser fading, and so on. Finally, it is described how the chemical and mechanical processes used to finish denim might affect the amount of microplastics and microfibers released from the denim garment during domestic washing. As a result, the content presented in this review aims to address the importance of sustainable denim processing, that is, something that can be rethought, reevaluated, renewed, and restructured within the scope of conventional denim processes, while taking eco-responsible solutions for increased environmental sustainability into account.

Effect of Plasma Treatment on Cotton Desizing

As a significant amount of water, chemicals and energy are incurred in the preparation process of cotton materials, the handling of waste water and the associated chemical disposal is costly and the side effects that are resultant of the wastes affect the environment. Cost efficiency and environment protection are emphasized in this generation, and as a result, the textile industry is seeking for more cost saving and environmentally friendly cotton preparation processes as an alternative to conventional wet chemical processing. Moreover, the combination of both physical and chemical treatments will be the trend for future textile processing to achieve the desired fabric properties in a more flexible way. The application of plasma treatment on textile material has been proven successful in altering material performance without affecting its bulk properties, and also plasma treatment has been considered as a potential alternative to the conventional chemical wet treatment. Background information on plasma and the effects of atmospheric pressure plasma treatment on cotton fabrics are reviewed. Comparisons are made between conventional enzyme and plasma desizing.