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Wang Y, Jiang T, Xie L, Wang H, Zhao J, Xu L, Fang C. Effect of pulsed field ablation on solid tumor cells and microenvironment. Front Oncol 2022; 12:899722. [PMID: 36081554 PMCID: PMC9447365 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.899722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulsed field ablation can increase membrane permeability and is an emerging non-thermal ablation. While ablating tumor tissues, electrical pulses not only act on the membrane structure of cells to cause irreversible electroporation, but also convert tumors into an immune active state, increase the permeability of microvessels, inhibit the proliferation of pathological blood vessels, and soften the extracellular matrix thereby inhibiting infiltrative tumor growth. Electrical pulses can alter the tumor microenvironment, making the inhibitory effect on the tumor not limited to short-term killing, but mobilizing the collective immune system to inhibit tumor growth and invasion together.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujue Wang
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tian’an Jiang
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Pulsed Power Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Tian’an Jiang,
| | - Liting Xie
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Pulsed Power Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huiyang Wang
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Pulsed Power Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chengyu Fang
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Zhao J, Qiao Y, Zhou M, Wallace M, Gupta S, Li C, Melancon MP. Anti-tumor Efficacy Study using Irreversible Electroporation and Doxorubicin-loaded Polymeric Micelles. ACS Macro Lett 2015; 4:1081-1084. [PMID: 28529822 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.5b00545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel non-thermal ablative treatment for cancer patients with unresectable tumor. IRE kills tumor cells by applying a strong electric field across the cell membrane, thereby creating irreparable pores. Compared to conventional thermal ablation, IRE is effective in perivascular tissues and can preserve the surrounding sensitive structures. However, tumor cells may survive in the regions exposed to insufficient electric field strength, and cause tumor relapse afterwards. We prepared a doxorubicin-loaded polymeric micelles system (M-Dox) using oil-in-water emulsion. The resultant M-Dox was 37.9 ± 3.2 nm in size with a Dox loading of 4.3% by weight. M-Dox is toxic to multiple human cancer cell lines with IC50 values in nanomolar and micromolar range. When combined with IRE in a hepatic carcinoma mouse xenograft model, the tumor treated with the combination therapy (IRE + M-Dox) was the highest in both M-Dox uptake and percentage of necrosis. Immunohistochemical staining also confirmed that the fewest proliferating cells were present after the combination therapy. Our data suggested that M-Dox was an effective adjuvant treatment to enhance the anti-tumor efficacy of IRE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhao
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging and ‡Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Yang Qiao
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging and ‡Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging and ‡Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Michael Wallace
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging and ‡Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Sanjay Gupta
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging and ‡Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Chun Li
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging and ‡Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Marites P. Melancon
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging and ‡Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
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Son RS, Smith KC, Gowrishankar TR, Vernier PT, Weaver JC. Basic features of a cell electroporation model: illustrative behavior for two very different pulses. J Membr Biol 2014; 247:1209-28. [PMID: 25048527 PMCID: PMC4224743 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-014-9699-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Science increasingly involves complex modeling. Here we describe a model for cell electroporation in which membrane properties are dynamically modified by poration. Spatial scales range from cell membrane thickness (5 nm) to a typical mammalian cell radius (10 \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\upmu$$\end{document}μm), and can be used with idealized and experimental pulse waveforms. The model consists of traditional passive components and additional active components representing nonequilibrium processes. Model responses include measurable quantities: transmembrane voltage, membrane electrical conductance, and solute transport rates and amounts for the representative “long” and “short” pulses. The long pulse—1.5 kV/cm, 100 \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$${\sim}$$\end{document}∼1.5 and \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$${\sim}$$\end{document}∼12 nm radius. Such pulses are widely used in biological research, biotechnology, and medicine, including cancer therapy by drug delivery and nonthermal physical tumor ablation by causing necrosis. The short pulse—40 kV/cm, 10 ns—creates 80-fold more pores, all small (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\sim$$\end{document}∼1 nm peak). These nanosecond pulses ablate tumors by apoptosis. We demonstrate the model’s responses by illustrative electrical and poration behavior, and transport of calcein and propidium. We then identify extensions for expanding modeling capability. Structure-function results from MD can allow extrapolations that bring response specificity to cell membranes based on their lipid composition. After a pulse, changes in pore energy landscape can be included over seconds to minutes, by mechanisms such as cell swelling and pulse-induced chemical reactions that slowly alter pore behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reuben S. Son
- />Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, E25-213A, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| | - Kyle C. Smith
- />Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, E25-213A, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
- />Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA
- />Center for Engineering in Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 114 16th Street, Charlestown, MA 02129 USA
| | - Thiruvallur R. Gowrishankar
- />Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, E25-213A, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| | - P. Thomas Vernier
- />Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23508 USA
| | - James C. Weaver
- />Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, E25-213A, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
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Zhang Z, Li W, Procissi D, Tyler P, Omary RA, Larson AC. Rapid dramatic alterations to the tumor microstructure in pancreatic cancer following irreversible electroporation ablation. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2013; 9:1181-92. [PMID: 24024571 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.13.72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM NanoKnife(®) (Angiodynamics, Inc., NY, USA) or irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a newly available ablation technique to induce the formation of nanoscale pores within the cell membrane in targeted tissues. The purpose of this study was to elucidate morphological alterations following 30 min of IRE ablation in a mouse model of pancreatic cancer. MATERIALS & METHODS Immunohistochemistry markers were compared with diffusion-weighted MRI apparent diffusion coefficient measurements before and after IRE ablation. RESULTS Immunohistochemistry apoptosis index measurements were significantly higher in IRE-treated tumors than in controls. Rapid tissue alterations after 30 min of IRE ablation procedures (structural and morphological alterations along with significantly elevated apoptosis markers) were consistently observed and well correlated to apparent diffusion coefficient measurements. DISCUSSION This imaging assay offers the potential to serve as an in vivo biomarker for noninvasive detection of tumor response following IRE ablation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoli Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, 737 N. Michigan Avenue, 16th Floor, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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Chopinet L, Batista-Napotnik T, Montigny A, Rebersek M, Teissié J, Rols MP, Miklavčič D. Nanosecond electric pulse effects on gene expression. J Membr Biol 2013; 246:851-9. [PMID: 23831956 PMCID: PMC3825134 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-013-9579-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 06/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Gene electrotransfection using micro- or millisecond electric pulses is a well-established method for safe gene transfer. For efficient transfection, plasmid DNA has to reach the nucleus. Shorter, high-intensity nanosecond electric pulses (nsEPs) affect internal cell membranes and may contribute to an increased uptake of plasmid by the nucleus. In our study, nsEPs were applied to Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells after classical gene electrotransfer, using micro- or millisecond pulses with a plasmid coding the green fluorescent protein (GFP). Time gaps between classical gene electrotransfer and nsEPs were varied (0.5, 2, 6 and 24 h) and three different nsEP parameters were used: 18 ns-10 kV/cm, 10 ns-40 kV/cm and 15 ns-60 kV/cm. Results analyzed by either fluorescence microscopy or flow cytometry showed that neither the percentage of electrotransfected cells nor the amount of GFP expressed was increased by nsEP. All nsEP parameters also had no effects on GFP fluorescence intensity of human colorectal tumor cells (HCT-116) with constitutive expression of GFP. We thus conclude that nsEPs have no major contribution to gene electrotransfer in CHO cells and no effect on constitutive GFP expression in HCT-116 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Chopinet
- CNRS, IPBS - UMR 5089, 205 route de Narbonne, BP 64182, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
- UT1, UTM, LAAS, ITAV, UPS, INSA, INP, ISAE, Université de Toulouse, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | | | - Audrey Montigny
- CNRS, IPBS - UMR 5089, 205 route de Narbonne, BP 64182, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
- UT1, UTM, LAAS, ITAV, UPS, INSA, INP, ISAE, Université de Toulouse, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Matej Rebersek
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Justin Teissié
- CNRS, IPBS - UMR 5089, 205 route de Narbonne, BP 64182, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
- UT1, UTM, LAAS, ITAV, UPS, INSA, INP, ISAE, Université de Toulouse, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Rols
- CNRS, IPBS - UMR 5089, 205 route de Narbonne, BP 64182, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
- UT1, UTM, LAAS, ITAV, UPS, INSA, INP, ISAE, Université de Toulouse, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Damijan Miklavčič
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Weaver JC, Smith KC, Esser AT, Son RS, Gowrishankar TR. A brief overview of electroporation pulse strength-duration space: a region where additional intracellular effects are expected. Bioelectrochemistry 2012; 87:236-43. [PMID: 22475953 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2012.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2011] [Revised: 01/09/2012] [Accepted: 02/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Electroporation (EP) of outer cell membranes is widely used in research, biotechnology and medicine. Now intracellular effects by organelle EP are of growing interest, mainly due to nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEF). For perspective, here we provide an approximate overview of EP pulse strength-duration space. This overview locates approximately some known effects and applications in strength-duration space, and includes a region where additional intracellular EP effects are expected. A feature of intracellular EP is direct, electrical redistribution of endogenous biochemicals among cellular compartments. For example, intracellular EP may initiate a multistep process for apoptosis. In this hypothesis, initial EP pulses release calcium from the endoplasmic reticulum, followed by calcium redistribution within the cytoplasm. With further EP pulses calcium penetrates mitochondrial membranes and causes changes that trigger release of cytochrome c and other death molecules. Apoptosis may therefore occur even in the presence of apoptotic inhibitors, using pulses that are smaller, but longer, than nsPEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- James C Weaver
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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