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Guliyeva G, Janis JE. Postsurgical Pyoderma Gangrenosum Requiring Plastic Surgical Intervention: A Practical Review. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2024; 12:e5505. [PMID: 38250211 PMCID: PMC10798700 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000005505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Pyoderma gangrenosum is a neutrophilic dermatosis characterized by immune dysfunction and pathergy. Thus, it is frequently seen in patients with underlying systemic illnesses or postoperatively. For the performance of the debridement or closure of the resultant defect, plastic surgeons are often involved in the care of pyoderma patients. However, both procedures may exacerbate the injury. Therefore, plastic surgeons must be familiar with the presentation of postsurgical pyoderma to avoid further damage and safely repair related soft tissue defects. A systematic search of the PubMed/Medline database was performed using the following keywords: "pyoderma gangrenosum" and "surgery." This online database search has identified 656 studies published between 1958 and 2022. Only reconstructed cases of postsurgical pyoderma gangrenosum were selected. Twenty-eight patients who developed pyoderma after dermatologic, plastic, orthopedic, cardiovascular, general, or obstetric surgery were included in this study. The average time to the PG presentation and diagnosis was 5.5 and 17 days, respectively. Diagnostic scoring tools were not used, and the diagnosis was primarily based on histopathology after repeated treatment failures. The patients received split- or full-thickness skin grafts, local, pedicled, and free flaps. An estimated 82.1% underwent skin grafting, whereas 42.9% underwent flap reconstruction. In addition, 21.4% got both the graft and flap. Accurate diagnosis of PSPG, prevention of further surgical injury, and timely medical management are vital for improving patient outcomes. Reconstruction can be performed, if required. However, despite the availability of different reconstructive techniques, there is no standard approach to the management of the PSPG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunel Guliyeva
- From the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jeffrey E. Janis
- From the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
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2
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Endo R, Tanaka R, Nomura T. Bromide-Induced Acneiform Eruption. Dermatitis 2023; 34:276-277. [PMID: 36917540 DOI: 10.1089/derm.2022.0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruriko Endo
- From the Department of Dermatology, Mito Saiseikai General Hospital, Mito, Japan
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Ryota Tanaka
- From the Department of Dermatology, Mito Saiseikai General Hospital, Mito, Japan
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Nomura
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
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3
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, Almalki NA, Alosaimi AK, Al Hawsawi K. Halogenoderma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Cureus 2022; 14:e31846. [PMID: 36579296 PMCID: PMC9789362 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.31846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Halogenoderma (HD) is an uncommon dermatosis that develops following exposure to halogens such as iodide and bromide, referred to as iododerma and bromoderma, respectively. Here, we report the case of a 40-year-old male who presented with a three-week history of slightly itchy progressive skin lesions associated with low-grade fever and malaise. The patient had a history of using food supplements containing iodide and bromide for four months prior to the appearance of skin rashes. Skin examination revealed multiple crusted papules and nodules scattered on his face, neck, and trunk. A skin biopsy was taken from the lesions. The epidermis showed crustation, exocytosis of neutrophils, and multiple intraepidermal abscesses. The dermis showed heavy cellular infiltrates composed mainly of neutrophils. The skin lesions disappeared completely after the cessation of food supplements, along with the use of topical corticosteroids for a few weeks.
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4
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Dedola C, Gallucci A, Ibba F, Ennas F, Porcellato I, Brachelente C. Ulcerative neutrophilic dermatitis resembling human bromoderma in a dog. J Small Anim Pract 2021; 63:331-335. [PMID: 34431097 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
A dog was referred because of the presence of painful ulcers with violaceous borders and multiple dermal and subcutaneous haemorrhagic nodules on the bridge of the nose, on the dorsal aspect of the front paws, and on all four legs. Lesions had not responded to antibacterial and immunomodulatory therapy. Nine months earlier, the dog had been diagnosed with idiopathic epilepsy and treated with potassium bromide ever since. Histopathological examination of lesions revealed an interstitial neutrophilic dermatitis multifocally extending to the subcutaneous tissue. All special stains were negative for infectious agents, and due to the lack of tropism for follicular structures as well as negative bacterial and fungal cultures, a diagnosis of a sterile neutrophilic process similar to pyoderma gangrenosum was made. A cutaneous drug reaction was suspected, potassium bromide was suspended, and after 6 weeks the ulcerative lesions were completely healed. The present report describes a case of an ulcerative neutrophilic dermatitis presumed to be associated with administration of potassium bromide that resembled human bromoderma.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Dedola
- Centro Veterinario Ichnos, Cagliari, Italy
| | - A Gallucci
- Veterinary Centre "La Fenice" - Neurology Section Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - F Ibba
- Animal House Clinic, Capoterra (CA), Italy
| | - F Ennas
- Karel Veterinary Clinic, Cagliari, Italy
| | - I Porcellato
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - C Brachelente
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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Nofal A, Fawzy MM, El-Hawary EE. Disseminated vegetating infantile bromoderma: A dramatic response to systemic steroids. Dermatol Ther 2020; 33:e14298. [PMID: 32916034 DOI: 10.1111/dth.14298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Bromoderma is a rare hypersensitivity reaction caused by bromide intake. It was relatively frequent in the early years of the previous century because of the common use of bromide-containing solutions in pediatrics due to their antispasmodic, expectorant, sedative, and anticonvulsant effects. Although recently prohibited in many countries, bromides are still used as an adjuvant anticonvulsant drug and still present in some over the counter antispasmodics and analgesics. Bromoderma usually present with pustular and vegetating lesions that may represent a diagnostic challenge for dermatologists. We describe a severe case of vegetating bromoderma that showed an excellent response to the withdrawal of the bromide-containing medication associated with systemic steroid administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Nofal
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.,Interactive Dermatology Research Group, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Fawzy
- Interactive Dermatology Research Group, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Esraa E El-Hawary
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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Silva AR, Dinis-Oliveira RJ. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of dextromethorphan: clinical and forensic aspects. Drug Metab Rev 2020; 52:258-282. [DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2020.1758712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita Silva
- Department of Public Health and Forensic Sciences, and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Jorge Dinis-Oliveira
- Department of Public Health and Forensic Sciences, and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Sciences, IINFACTS – Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, CRL, Gandra, Portugal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Toxicology, UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Didona D, Solimani F, Mühlenbein S, Knake S, Mittag H, Pfützner W. Diffuse vegetating bromoderma. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2019; 34:e53-e55. [PMID: 31433883 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.15899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D Didona
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Philipps Medical University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - F Solimani
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Philipps Medical University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité Medical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - S Mühlenbein
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Philipps Medical University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - S Knake
- Epilepsy Center Hessen, Department of Neurology, Philipps Medical University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - H Mittag
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Philipps Medical University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - W Pfützner
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Philipps Medical University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
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Żychowska M, Maj J. Superficial granulomatous pyoderma in a patient with ulcerative colitis successfully treated with cyclosporine A. Int J Dermatol 2018; 58:733-735. [PMID: 30460989 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.14303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Żychowska
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Joanna Maj
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
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Pranteda G, Magri F, Muscianese M, D'Arino A, Pranteda G, Fidanza L, Bartolazzi A. A "seasonal bromoderma" in a farmer. Dermatol Ther 2018; 32:e12764. [PMID: 30288911 DOI: 10.1111/dth.12764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Bromoderma is a rare skin disease caused by the ingestion, inhalation, or contact with products containing bromides. We report a case of bromoderma in a 36-year-old farmer, characterized by remission during the spring and exacerbation during the winter. The recognition of the use of products containing bromides during the winter helped us to understand the cause of the clinical condition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Laura Fidanza
- Dermatology Unit, Altamedica Main Center, Rome, Italy
| | - Armando Bartolazzi
- Department of Pathology, St. Andrea University, Rome, Italy.,Pathology Research Laboratory, Cancer Center Karolinska, Stockholm, Sweden
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Alavi A, French LE, Davis MD, Brassard A, Kirsner RS. Pyoderma Gangrenosum: An Update on Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Treatment. Am J Clin Dermatol 2017; 18:355-372. [PMID: 28224502 DOI: 10.1007/s40257-017-0251-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare inflammatory neutrophilic disorder with prototypical clinical presentations. Its pathophysiology is complex and not fully explained. Recent information regarding the genetic basis of PG and the role of auto-inflammation provides a better understanding of the disease and new therapeutic targets. PG equally affects patients of both sexes and of any age. Uncontrolled cutaneous neutrophilic inflammation is the cornerstone in a genetically predisposed individual. Multimodality management is often required to reduce inflammation, optimize wound healing, and treat underlying disease. A gold standard for the management of PG does not exist and high-level evidence is limited. Multiple factors must be taken into account when deciding on the optimum treatment for individual patients: location, number and size of lesion/ulceration(s), extracutaneous involvement, presence of associated disease, cost, and side effects of treatment, as well as patient comorbidities and preferences. Refractory and rapidly progressive cases require early initiation of systemic therapy. Newer targeted therapies represent a promising pathway for the management of PG, and the main focus of this review is the management and evidence supporting the role of new targeted therapies in PG.
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Maeda S, Kajihara I, Ogata A, Johno T, Jinnin M, Ihn H. Bromoderma in a pituitary adenoma patient treated with bromocriptine. J Dermatol 2016; 44:e95-e96. [PMID: 27859507 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.13683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saki Maeda
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Ikko Kajihara
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Aki Ogata
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Johno
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Jinnin
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hironobu Ihn
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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