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Du Y, Zhang Y, Chai X, Li X, Ullah A, Islam W, Zhang Z, Zeng F. Effects of different tillage systems and mowing time on nutrient accumulation and forage nutritive value of Cyperus esculentus. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1162572. [PMID: 37123851 PMCID: PMC10140299 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1162572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Revealing the complex relationships between management practices, crop growth, forage nutritive value and soil quality will facilitate the development of more sustainable agricultural and livestock production systems. Cyperus esculentus is known as the king of oil crops and high-quality forage. However, there is little information about the effects of different planting modes {continuous cropping (CC)/rotation cropping (RC)} and initial mowing time on the plant nutrient accumulation and forage nutritive value. Here, in a field experiment, we designed two planting patterns, C. esculentus CC and C. esculentus - wheat RC. The leaves, tubers, roots, and soil samples were collected at three mowing time (on the 78th, 101th, and 124th days after seed sowing). Results revealed that RC significantly increased the total nitrogen (TN) and potassium (TK) content of the tuber (p<0.05), while significantly decreased the TN, total phosphorus (TP), crude protein (CP), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) contents of the leaves. Under the CC pattern, the TN, TP, and TK content of roots increased significantly on the 78th days after seed sowing, and the TK content of tubers increased significantly. Under the RC pattern, the ether extract (EE) content of tubers increased significantly on the 124th days after seed sowing, while the CP and TN content of leaves decreased significantly. Correlation analysis showed that soil pH was negatively correlated with TN content in leaves, tubers, and roots. The structural equation model showed that the soil pH directly affected the plant nutrient accumulation and forage nutritive value (β=0.68) via regulating these properties by changing soil available nutrients, anions, cations, and total nutrients. Overall, we propose that RC for C. esculentus-wheat is should not be recommended to maximize tubers and forage yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Du
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yulin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele, China
- College of Ecology and Environmental, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xutian Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele, China
| | - Abd Ullah
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Waqar Islam
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele, China
- *Correspondence: Waqar Islam, ; Zhihao Zhang, ; Fanjiang Zeng,
| | - Zhihao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele, China
- *Correspondence: Waqar Islam, ; Zhihao Zhang, ; Fanjiang Zeng,
| | - Fanjiang Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Ecology and Environmental, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
- *Correspondence: Waqar Islam, ; Zhihao Zhang, ; Fanjiang Zeng,
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Tang YM, Qiu SN, Li QY, Di GL, Wang JL, Sun HX. Simulated global climate change benefits the nutritive value of oat grass. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2022; 24:846-853. [PMID: 35491448 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Numerous data demonstrate that global climate change affects crop yield and quality. However, the effect of climate change on the nutritive value of forage crops remains unclear. Oat grass (Avena sativa L.) was used as a representative forage crop to understand changes in yield and chemical composition. The growth of oat grass under elevated temperature and CO2 conditions was simulated in a 51-day growth experiment inside OTCs. The oat grass was harvested during the heading period and yield, nutrient content, macro- and micro-mineral content and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) determined. The fresh and dry yield, mineral P and Fe content and IVDMD of oat grass increased under increased CO2 concentrations (P < 0.05). As temperature increased, dry matter yield and soluble sugar content decreased and the content of Na, Mg, P, S, Ca, Mn, Fe, Cu and Zn increased (P < 0.05), while IVDMD was not significantly affected. Under the interaction of increasing CO2 and temperature, the content of Mg, P, S, Ca, Mn and IVDMD of oat grass increased (P < 0.05); however, there was no significant effect on yield. Climate change may result in oat grass containing more digestible nutrients and minerals for ruminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-M Tang
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Sh-N Qiu
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Q-Y Li
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - G-L Di
- Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - J-L Wang
- Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - H-X Sun
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
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3
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Li T, Peng L, Wang H, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Cheng Y, Hou F. Multi-Cutting Improves Forage Yield and Nutritional Value and Maintains the Soil Nutrient Balance in a Rainfed Agroecosystem. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:825117. [PMID: 35300009 PMCID: PMC8922440 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.825117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Increasing forage yield and nutritional quality under the premise of maintaining relatively stable land area and soil nutrient content is a necessary condition for the sustainable development of grassland animal husbandry. Different cutting models [simulated grazing (SG), hay harvesting (H)] of oat (Avena sativa), common vetch (Vicia sativa) and their mixture (Avena sativa + Vicia sativa) were studied on the Loess Plateau. The results show that (1) SG could increase forage yield, crude protein, and crude fat content and decrease crude ash content. In 2014, the yield of Avena sativa per hectare was 3,578.11 kg higher than that of H; (2) the model analysis for predicting nutritional components showed that the Crude protein (CP) and EE contents of forages in each variety (combination) showed a linear downward trend with increasing forage yield. Redundancy analysis showed that precipitation, especially in the growing season, was positively correlated with grass yield and CP content; and (3) there were significant differences in soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, NO3 --N, and NH4 +-N contents for the different forage varieties (combinations) under different use modes; the values first decreased, then increased, and finally decreased. According to the comprehensive evaluation value calculated by Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution, mixed sowing was better than monoculture, and SG obtained better results than H. Overall, mixed sowing under SG can improve forage yield and nutritional quality. At the same time, precipitation regulation is the key factor affecting the production performance of rainfed cultivated grassland on the Loess Plateau.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Li
- College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Luxi Peng
- College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hua Wang
- College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yingxin Wang
- College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yunxiang Cheng
- College of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Huhhot, China
| | - Fujiang Hou
- College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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Zhao M, Feng Y, Shi Y, Shen H, Hu H, Luo Y, Xu L, Kang J, Xing A, Wang S, Fang J. Yield and quality properties of silage maize and their influencing factors in China. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2022; 65:1655-1666. [PMID: 35122623 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-020-2023-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Silage maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the most important forages in the world, and its yield and quality properties are critical parameters for livestock production and assessment of forage values. However, relationships between its yield and quality properties and the controlling factors are not well documented. In this study, we collected 5,663 observations from 196 publications across the country to identify the relationships between yield and quality properties of silage maize and to assess the impact of management practices and climatic factors on its yield and quality in China. The average dry matter yield of silage maize was (19.98±6.93) Mg ha-1, and the average value of crude protein, ether extract, crude ash, crude fiber, acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber, nitrogen-free extract, and relative feed value was 7.86%±1.71%, 2.53%±1.01%, 5.05%±1.66%, 23.97%±6.34%, 27.62%±7.12%, 51.60%±9.85%, 59.68%±7.72%, and 131.17±31.49, respectively. In general, its nutritive value decreased as its yield increased. Increasing planting density could increase the yield but inhibit the nutritive values, while increasing fertilization could benefit the nutritive values. Geographically, the yield increased and the nutritive value decreased from warm (south) to cold (north) regions. The length of growth duration was a major controlling factor for the patterns of these properties. Our findings provide insights for police-makers to make strategy for achieving high yield and good quality of silage maize and help local people to implement better management practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yinping Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yue Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Haihua Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Huifeng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Yongkai Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Longchao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Jie Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Aijun Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shaopeng Wang
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jingyun Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China. .,College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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5
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Rosenfeld SB, Sheremetev IS, Baranyuk VV. Trophic Interactions between Snow Goose and Brant Goose in the Breeding Time with Regard to Their Population Trends. RUSS J ECOL+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1067413621060114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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6
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Ruthrauff DR, Patil VP, Hupp JW, Ward DH. Life-history attributes of Arctic-breeding birds drive uneven responses to environmental variability across different phases of the reproductive cycle. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:18514-18530. [PMID: 35003689 PMCID: PMC8717281 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Animals exhibit varied life-history traits that reflect adaptive responses to their environments. For Arctic-breeding birds, traits related to diet, egg nutrient allocation, clutch size, and chick growth are predicted to be under increasing selection pressure due to rapid climate change and increasing environmental variability across high-latitude regions. We compared four migratory birds (black brant [Branta bernicla nigricans], lesser snow geese [Chen caerulescens caerulescens], semipalmated sandpipers [Calidris pusilla], and Lapland longspurs [Calcarius lapponicus]) with varied life histories at an Arctic site in Alaska, USA, to understand how life-history traits help moderate environmental variability across different phases of the reproductive cycle. We monitored aspects of reproductive performance related to the timing of breeding, reproductive investment, and chick growth from 2011 to 2018. In response to early snowmelt and warm temperatures, semipalmated sandpipers advanced their site arrival and bred in higher numbers, while brant and snow geese increased clutch sizes; all four species advanced their nest initiation dates. During chick rearing, longspur nestlings were relatively resilient to environmental variation, whereas warmer temperatures increased the growth rates of sandpiper chicks but reduced growth rates of snow goose goslings. These responses generally aligned with traits along the capital-income spectrum of nutrient acquisition and altricial-precocial modes of chick growth. Under a warming climate, the ability to mobilize endogenous reserves likely provides geese with relative flexibility to adjust the timing of breeding and the size of clutches. Higher temperatures, however, may negatively affect the quality of herbaceous foods and slow gosling growth. Species may possess traits that are beneficial during one phase of the reproductive cycle and others that may be detrimental at another phase, uneven responses that may be amplified with future climate warming. These results underscore the need to consider multiple phases of the reproductive cycle when assessing the effects of environmental variability on Arctic-breeding birds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vijay P. Patil
- U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science CenterAnchorageAlaskaUSA
| | - Jerry W. Hupp
- U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science CenterAnchorageAlaskaUSA
| | - David H. Ward
- U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science CenterAnchorageAlaskaUSA
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Fondell TF, Meixell BW, Flint PL. Growth of Greater White‐Fronted Goose Goslings Relates to Population Dynamics at Multiple Scales. J Wildl Manage 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.22115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas F. Fondell
- U.S. Geological Survey Alaska Science Center 4210 University Drive Anchorage AK 99508 USA
| | - Brandt W. Meixell
- U.S. Geological Survey Alaska Science Center 4210 University Drive Anchorage AK 99508 USA
| | - Paul L. Flint
- U.S. Geological Survey Alaska Science Center 4210 University Drive Anchorage AK 99508 USA
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8
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Zhemchuzhnikov MK, Versluijs TSL, Lameris TK, Reneerkens J, Both C, van Gils JA. Exploring the drivers of variation in trophic mismatches: A systematic review of long-term avian studies. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:3710-3725. [PMID: 33976770 PMCID: PMC8093693 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Many organisms reproduce in seasonal environments, where selection on timing of reproduction is particularly strong as consumers need to synchronize reproduction with the peaked occurrence of their food. When a consumer species changes its phenology at a slower rate than its resources, this may induce a trophic mismatch, that is, offspring growing up after the peak in food availability, potentially leading to reductions in growth and survival. However, there is large variation in the degree of trophic mismatches as well as in its effects on reproductive output.Here, we explore the potential causes for variation in the strength of trophic mismatches in published studies of birds. Specifically, we ask whether the changes in the degree of mismatch that have occurred over time can be explained by a bird's (a) breeding latitude, (b) migration distance, and/or (c) life-history traits.We found that none of these three factors explain changes in the degree of mismatch over time. Nevertheless, food phenology did advance faster at more northerly latitudes, while shifts in bird phenology did not show a trend with latitude.We argue that the lack of support in our results is attributable to the large variation in the metrics used to describe timing of food availability. We propose a pathway to improve the quantification of trophic mismatches, guided by a more rigorous understanding of links between consumers and their resources.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Thomas K. Lameris
- NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea ResearchDen BurgThe Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Reneerkens
- NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea ResearchDen BurgThe Netherlands
- University of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | | | - Jan A. van Gils
- NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea ResearchDen BurgThe Netherlands
- University of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
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Fokkema W, van der Jeugd HP, Lameris TK, Dokter AM, Ebbinge BS, de Roos AM, Nolet BA, Piersma T, Olff H. Ontogenetic niche shifts as a driver of seasonal migration. Oecologia 2020; 193:285-297. [PMID: 32529317 PMCID: PMC7320946 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-020-04682-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Ontogenetic niche shifts have helped to understand population dynamics. Here we show that ontogenetic niche shifts also offer an explanation, complementary to traditional concepts, as to why certain species show seasonal migration. We describe how demographic processes (survival, reproduction and migration) and associated ecological requirements of species may change with ontogenetic stage (juvenile, adult) and across the migratory range (breeding, non-breeding). We apply this concept to widely different species (dark-bellied brent geese (Branta b. bernicla), humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) and migratory Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) to check the generality of this hypothesis. Consistent with the idea that ontogenetic niche shifts are an important driver of seasonal migration, we find that growth and survival of juvenile life stages profit most from ecological conditions that are specific to breeding areas. We suggest that matrix population modelling techniques are promising to detect the importance of the ontogenetic niche shifts in maintaining migratory strategies. As a proof of concept, we applied a first analysis to resident, partial migratory and fully migratory populations of barnacle geese (Branta leucopsis). We argue that recognition of the costs and benefits of migration, and how these vary with life stages, is important to understand and conserve migration under global environmental change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wimke Fokkema
- Conservation Ecology Group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), Univ. of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Henk P van der Jeugd
- Department of Animal Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Vogeltrekstation, Dutch Centre for Avian Migration and Demography (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas K Lameris
- Department of Animal Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, The Netherlands
- NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Department of Coastal Systems, and Utrecht University, Den Burg, Texel, The Netherlands
| | - Adriaan M Dokter
- Department of Animal Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Cornell University, 159 Sapsucker Woods Road, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA
| | - Barwolt S Ebbinge
- Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen Univ. and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - André M de Roos
- Department of Theoretical and Computational Ecology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), Univ. of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bart A Nolet
- Department of Animal Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, The Netherlands.
- Department of Theoretical and Computational Ecology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), Univ. of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Theunis Piersma
- Conservation Ecology Group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), Univ. of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Department of Coastal Systems, and Utrecht University, Den Burg, Texel, The Netherlands
| | - Han Olff
- Conservation Ecology Group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), Univ. of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Eichhorn G, Enstipp MR, Georges J, Hasselquist D, Nolet BA. Resting metabolic rate in migratory and non‐migratory geese following range expansion: go south, go low. OIKOS 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.06468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Götz Eichhorn
- Dept of Animal Ecology, Netherlands Inst. of Ecology (NIOO‐KNAW) NL‐6708 PB Wageningen the Netherlands
- Vogeltrekstation‐Dutch Centre for Avian Migration and Demography (NIOO‐KNAW) Wageningen the Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Bart A. Nolet
- Dept of Animal Ecology, Netherlands Inst. of Ecology (NIOO‐KNAW) NL‐6708 PB Wageningen the Netherlands
- Theoretical and Computational Ecology, Univ. of Amsterdam Amsterdam the Netherlands
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11
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Canada Goose Gosling Mortality During Prefledging and Early Migration on Akimiski Island, Nunavut. JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT 2019. [DOI: 10.3996/102018-jfwm-098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Mortality rates for precocial avian species are highest during their first year of life. For harvested species, including waterfowl, it is particularly difficult to determine causes of mortality using standard mark–recapture techniques. The timing and cause of nonhunting mortality is difficult for researchers to distinguish, and therefore, difficult to incorporate into management decisions. We marked flightless Canada goose Branta canadensis interior goslings with radio transmitters to determine the timing of mortality prior to harvest during the fall migration. We tracked survival of 206 goslings for 2 mo from an average of 50 d of age to just prior to the fall migration departure from the breeding grounds in 1999 and 2000. The most parsimonious model from a set of candidate models describing probability of survival showed clear differences between years and suggested that survival was affected by gosling size (largest survived better) and hatch timing disparity. We indexed hatch timing disparity by measuring the difference between gosling hatch date and the date of the estimated peak in forage quality as determined by the normalized difference vegetation index. The latest hatched goslings presumably had the lowest quality forage available to them. Both size and hatch timing disparity concur with a mortality cause that is most likely from complications due to malnutrition. The estimated survival probability of goslings to 51 d post marking was 0.31 (95% confidence limit = 0.22 to 0.44) in 1999 and 0.69 (95% confidence limit = 0.57 to 0.83) in 2000. Managers can make better informed decisions concerning the utility of harvest regulation in the conservation of juvenile Canada geese by better understanding the timing, causes, and annual variation of their mortality.
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12
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Ross MV, Alisauskas RT, Douglas DC, Kellett DK. Decadal declines in avian herbivore reproduction: density-dependent nutrition and phenological mismatch in the Arctic. Ecology 2018; 98:1869-1883. [PMID: 28403519 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.1856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A full understanding of population dynamics depends not only on estimation of mechanistic contributions of recruitment and survival, but also knowledge about the ecological processes that drive each of these vital rates. The process of recruitment in particular may be protracted over several years, and can depend on numerous ecological complexities until sexually mature adulthood is attained. We addressed long-term declines (23 breeding seasons, 1992-2014) in the per capita production of young by both Ross's Geese (Chen rossii) and Lesser Snow Geese (Chen caerulescens caerulescens) nesting at Karrak Lake in Canada's central Arctic. During this period, there was a contemporaneous increase from 0.4 to 1.1 million adults nesting at this colony. We evaluated whether (1) density-dependent nutritional deficiencies of pre-breeding females or (2) phenological mismatch between peak gosling hatch and peak forage quality, inferred from NDVI on the brood-rearing areas, may have been behind decadal declines in the per capita production of goslings. We found that, in years when pre-breeding females arrived to the nesting grounds with diminished nutrient reserves, the proportional composition of young during brood-rearing was reduced for both species. Furthermore, increased mismatch between peak gosling hatch and peak forage quality contributed additively to further declines in gosling production, in addition to declines caused by delayed nesting with associated subsequent negative effects on clutch size and nest success. The degree of mismatch increased over the course of our study because of advanced vegetation phenology without a corresponding advance in Goose nesting phenology. Vegetation phenology was significantly earlier in years with warm surface air temperatures measured in spring (i.e., 25 May-30 June). We suggest that both increased phenological mismatch and reduced nutritional condition of arriving females were behind declines in population-level recruitment, leading to the recent attenuation in population growth of Snow Geese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan V Ross
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, 112 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Ray T Alisauskas
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, 112 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5E2, Canada.,Environment and Climate Change Canada, 115 Perimeter Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 0X4, Canada
| | - David C Douglas
- U.S. Geological Survey Alaska Science Center, 250 Egan Drive, Juneau, Alaska, 99801, USA
| | - Dana K Kellett
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, 112 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5E2, Canada.,Environment and Climate Change Canada, 115 Perimeter Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 0X4, Canada
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Lameris TK, Jochems F, van der Graaf AJ, Andersson M, Limpens J, Nolet BA. Forage plants of an Arctic-nesting herbivore show larger warming response in breeding than wintering grounds, potentially disrupting migration phenology. Ecol Evol 2017; 7:2652-2660. [PMID: 28428856 PMCID: PMC5395431 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
During spring migration, herbivorous waterfowl breeding in the Arctic depend on peaks in the supply of nitrogen-rich forage plants, following a "green wave" of grass growth along their flyway to fuel migration and reproduction. The effects of climate warming on forage plant growth are expected to be larger at the Arctic breeding grounds than in temperate wintering grounds, potentially disrupting this green wave and causing waterfowl to mistime their arrival on the breeding grounds. We studied the potential effect of climate warming on timing of food peaks along the migratory flyway of the Russian population of barnacle geese using a warming experiment with open-top chambers. We measured the effect of 1.0-1.7°C experimental warming on forage plant biomass and nitrogen concentration at three sites along the migratory flyway (temperate wintering site, temperate spring stopover site, and Arctic breeding site) during 2 months for two consecutive years. We found that experimental warming increased biomass accumulation and sped up the decline in nitrogen concentration of forage plants at the Arctic breeding site but not at temperate wintering and stop-over sites. Increasing spring temperatures in the Arctic will thus shorten the food peak of nitrogen-rich forage at the breeding grounds. Our results further suggest an advance of the local food peak in the Arctic under 1-2°C climate warming, which will likely cause migrating geese to mistime their arrival at the breeding grounds, particularly considering the Arctic warms faster than the temperate regions. The combination of a shorter food peak and mistimed arrival is likely to decrease goose reproductive success under climate warming by reducing growth and survival of goslings after hatching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas K. Lameris
- Department of Animal EcologyNetherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO)WageningenThe Netherlands
- Theoretical and Computational EcologyInstitute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem DynamicsUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Femke Jochems
- Department of Animal EcologyNetherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO)WageningenThe Netherlands
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation GroupUniversity of WageningenWageningenThe Netherlands
| | | | | | - Juul Limpens
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation GroupUniversity of WageningenWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Bart A. Nolet
- Department of Animal EcologyNetherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO)WageningenThe Netherlands
- Theoretical and Computational EcologyInstitute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem DynamicsUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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Hupp JW, Ward DH, Hogrefe KR, Sedinger JS, Martin PD, Stickney AA, Obritschkewitsch T. Growth of black brant and lesser snow goose goslings in northern alaska. J Wildl Manage 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.21246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jerry W. Hupp
- U.S. Geological SurveyAlaska Science Center4210 University DriveAnchorageAK 99508USA
| | - David H. Ward
- U.S. Geological SurveyAlaska Science Center4210 University DriveAnchorageAK 99508USA
| | - Kyle R. Hogrefe
- U.S. Geological SurveyAlaska Science Center4210 University DriveAnchorageAK 99508USA
| | - James S. Sedinger
- University of Nevada RenoDepartment of Natural Resources and Environmental Science1000 Valley RoadRenoNV 89512USA
| | - Philip D. Martin
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service101 12th AvenueRoom 216FairbanksAK 99701USA
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15
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Avé MH, Voslamber B, Hallmann CA, Stahl J. Rearing conditions of greylag geese affect habitat choice throughout life. WILDLIFE BIOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.2981/wlb.00204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maaike H. Avé
- M. H. Avé , B. Voslamber and J. Stahl, Sovon Dutch Centre for Field Ornithology, PO Box 6521, NL-6500 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Berend Voslamber
- M. H. Avé , B. Voslamber and J. Stahl, Sovon Dutch Centre for Field Ornithology, PO Box 6521, NL-6500 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Caspar A. Hallmann
- C. A. Hallmann, Inst. for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, PO Box 9010, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Julia Stahl
- M. H. Avé , B. Voslamber and J. Stahl, Sovon Dutch Centre for Field Ornithology, PO Box 6521, NL-6500 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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Kohl KD, Ciminari ME, Chediack JG, Leafloor JO, Karasov WH, McWilliams SR, Caviedes-Vidal E. Modulation of digestive enzyme activities in the avian digestive tract in relation to diet composition and quality. J Comp Physiol B 2016; 187:339-351. [PMID: 27695931 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-016-1037-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In nature, birds are faced with variable food sources that may differ in composition (protein vs. carbohydrates) and quality (highly digestible material vs. indigestible fiber). Studies in passerine birds and some commercial poultry demonstrate that the gastrointestinal tract can respond to varying diet composition and quality by changing morphology and/or activities of digestive enzymes. However, studies in additional avian species are warranted to understand generalities of these trends. We first fed juvenile mallards (Anas platyrhynchos), chickens (Gallus gallus), and quails (Coturnix coturnix) on either high-carbohydrate or high-protein diets. For the most part, birds fed the high-carbohydrate diet had higher small intestinal and cecal disaccharidase activities (maltase and sucrase). However, only mallards exhibited higher small intestinal aminopeptidase-N (APN) activities when fed the high-protein diet. These results differ from passerine birds, which largely modulate small intestinal proteases, but not disaccharidases. In another trial, we fed Canada geese (Branta canadensis) diets that varied in both their protein and fiber concentrations for approximately 3.5 months. Birds fed the high-fiber diets had significantly longer small intestines and caeca compared to those fed low-fiber diets. Additionally, geese fed the high-fiber diets exhibited lower mass-specific activities of small intestinal sucrase, and higher activities of APN when summed across the small intestine and ceca. Similar to the avian species above, geese fed the high-protein diets did not exhibit flexibility in their small intestinal APN activities. Overall, these experiments demonstrate that responsiveness of the avian digestive tract to diet composition may have phylogenetic or ecological constraints. Studies on other avian taxa are needed to understand these patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin D Kohl
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, 465 21st Ave South, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA.
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas de San Luis, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco 917, San Luis, 5700, Argentina.
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco 917, San Luis, 5700, Argentina.
| | - M Eugenia Ciminari
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas de San Luis, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco 917, San Luis, 5700, Argentina
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco 917, San Luis, 5700, Argentina
| | - Juan G Chediack
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas de San Luis, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco 917, San Luis, 5700, Argentina
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco 917, San Luis, 5700, Argentina
| | - James O Leafloor
- Canadian Wildlife Service, 150-123 Main Street, Winnipeg, MB, R3C 4W2, Canada
| | - William H Karasov
- Department of Forestry and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin Madison, 1630 Linden Dr., Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Scott R McWilliams
- Department of Natural Resources Science, University of Rhode Island, 1 Greenhouse Road, Kingston, RI, 02881, USA
| | - Enrique Caviedes-Vidal
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas de San Luis, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco 917, San Luis, 5700, Argentina
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco 917, San Luis, 5700, Argentina
- Department of Forestry and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin Madison, 1630 Linden Dr., Madison, WI, 53706, USA
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17
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Doiron M, Gauthier G, Lévesque E. Trophic mismatch and its effects on the growth of young in an Arctic herbivore. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2015; 21:4364-76. [PMID: 26235037 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Revised: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
In highly seasonal environments, timing of breeding of organisms is typically set to coincide with the period of highest resource availability. However, breeding phenology may not change at a rate sufficient to keep up with rapid changes in the environment in the wake of climate change. The lack of synchrony between the phenology of consumers and that of their resources can lead to a phenomenon called trophic mismatch, which may have important consequences on the reproductive success of herbivores. We analyzed long-term data (1991-2010) on climate, plant phenology and the reproduction of a long-distance Arctic migrant, the greater snow goose (Chen caerulescens atlantica), in order to examine the effects of mismatched reproduction on the growth of young. We found that geese are only partially able to adjust their breeding phenology to compensate for annual changes in the timing of high-quality food plants, leading to mismatches of up to 20 days between the two. The peak of nitrogen concentration in plants, an index of their nutritive quality for goslings, occurred earlier in warm springs with an early snow melt. Likewise, mismatch between hatch dates of young and date of peak nitrogen was more important in years with early snow melt. Gosling body mass and structural size at fledging was reduced when trophic mismatch was high, particularly when the difference between date of peak nitrogen concentration and hatching was >9 days. Our results support the hypothesis that trophic mismatch can negatively affect the fitness of Arctic herbivores and that this is likely to be exacerbated by rising global temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine Doiron
- Département de Biologie & Centre d'études Nordiques, Université Laval, 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Gilles Gauthier
- Département de Biologie & Centre d'études Nordiques, Université Laval, 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Esther Lévesque
- Département des Sciences de l'environnement & Centre d'études Nordiques, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, G9A 5H7, Canada
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