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Hoelzel AR. Where to now with the evolutionarily significant unit? Trends Ecol Evol 2023; 38:1134-1142. [PMID: 37596130 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2023.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
The designation of units for conservation has been a necessary but challenging objective since conservation efforts began. Most species are divided, typically by environment, into populations with independent evolutionary trajectories. There are practical conservation objectives for defining these boundaries. Separate genetic clusters provide future evolutionary potential as environments change, and individuals in isolated populations may lose fitness when population size is reduced. The history of the effort to define units is briefly reviewed here, but I focus on finding a process that may facilitate uniform and effective application at a time when conservation urgency is great. I propose a refinement of the designated unit concept, distinguishing between conservation units (CUs) and evolutionarily sustaining conservation units (ESCUs).
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rus Hoelzel
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK.
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2
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Liu Y, Hou L, Liu L, Sulaman A, Muhammad F. Mitochondrial DNA reveals two recent diverged lineages in Amphioctopusaegina (Gray, 1849) (Cephalopoda, Octopodidae) across the Leizhou Peninsula: a marine ecoregion barrier. Zookeys 2023; 1179:299-311. [PMID: 37745623 PMCID: PMC10514695 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1179.96015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Amphioctopusaegina is an economically important species that has been intensively exploited in the marine areas along the Chinese coast. However, the genetic variation and population genetic structure, which would provide valuable information for their fisheries management, have rarely been investigated. In this study, the genetic variation within and among four A.aegina populations throughout its full distribution range were estimated based on mitochondrial cytochrome b DNA sequences. Our results indicated low (Qinzhou) to high (Dongshan) genetic diversities among the four populations. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA), ΦST statistics, phylogenetic tree and haplotype networks revealed two significant (p < 0.01) divergent lineages with a ΦST value of 0.7116 between them, one from a population in Qinzhou and the other from the remaining three populations of Dongshan, Huizhou and Zhanjiang. However, the low genetic distance (0.0032) and only two fixed substitutions between them suggest their recent divergence is possibly due to the last glacial period barriers to gene flow produced by the Leizhou Peninsula. The observed lineage divergence suggests that populations of A.aegina in China are genetically subdivided and may represent evolutionary lineages that should be managed individually.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yantao Liu
- National Engineering Research Centre of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, College of Marine Sciences and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, ChinaZhejiang Ocean UniversityZhoushanChina
| | - Long Hou
- National Engineering Research Centre of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, College of Marine Sciences and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, ChinaZhejiang Ocean UniversityZhoushanChina
| | - Liqin Liu
- National Engineering Research Centre of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, College of Marine Sciences and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, ChinaZhejiang Ocean UniversityZhoushanChina
| | - Amna Sulaman
- Center of Excellence in Marine Biology, University of Karachi, Karachi, PakistanUniversity of KarachiKarachiPakistan
| | - Faiz Muhammad
- Center of Excellence in Marine Biology, University of Karachi, Karachi, PakistanUniversity of KarachiKarachiPakistan
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3
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Jansson E, Faust E, Bekkevold D, Quintela M, Durif C, Halvorsen KT, Dahle G, Pampoulie C, Kennedy J, Whittaker B, Unneland L, Post S, André C, Glover KA. Global, regional, and cryptic population structure in a high gene-flow transatlantic fish. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0283351. [PMID: 36940210 PMCID: PMC10027230 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus) is a transatlantic marine fish displaying large population sizes and a high potential for dispersal and gene-flow. These features are expected to result in weak population structure. Here, we investigated population genetic structure of lumpfish throughout its natural distribution in the North Atlantic using two approaches: I) 4,393 genome wide SNPs and 95 individuals from 10 locations, and II) 139 discriminatory SNPs and 1,669 individuals from 40 locations. Both approaches identified extensive population genetic structuring with a major split between the East and West Atlantic and a distinct Baltic Sea population, as well as further differentiation of lumpfish from the English Channel, Iceland, and Greenland. The discriminatory loci displayed ~2-5 times higher divergence than the genome wide approach, revealing further evidence of local population substructures. Lumpfish from Isfjorden in Svalbard were highly distinct but resembled most fish from Greenland. The Kattegat area in the Baltic transition zone, formed a previously undescribed distinct genetic group. Also, further subdivision was detected within North America, Iceland, West Greenland, Barents Sea, and Norway. Although lumpfish have considerable potential for dispersal and gene-flow, the observed high levels of population structuring throughout the Atlantic suggests that this species may have a natal homing behavior and local populations with adaptive differences. This fine-scale population structure calls for consideration when defining management units for exploitation of lumpfish stocks and in decisions related to sourcing and moving lumpfish for cleaner fish use in salmonid aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eeva Jansson
- Institute of Marine Research, Nordnes, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ellika Faust
- Department of Marine Sciences - Tjärnö Marine Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, Strömstad, Sweden
| | - Dorte Bekkevold
- DTU-Aqua National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Technical University of Denmark, Silkeborg, Denmark
| | | | - Caroline Durif
- Institute of Marine Research, Austevoll Research Station, Storebø, Norway
| | | | - Geir Dahle
- Institute of Marine Research, Nordnes, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - James Kennedy
- Marine and Freshwater Research Institute, Hafnarfjörður, Iceland
| | - Benjamin Whittaker
- Department of Biosciences, Centre for Sustainable Aquatic Research, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | | | - Søren Post
- Greenland Institute of Natural Resources, Nuuk, Greenland
| | - Carl André
- Department of Marine Sciences - Tjärnö Marine Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, Strömstad, Sweden
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Onoufriou AB, Gaggiotti OE, Aguilar de Soto N, McCarthy ML, Morin PA, Rosso M, Dalebout M, Davison N, Baird RW, Baker CS, Berrow S, Brownlow A, Burns D, Caurant F, Claridge D, Constantine R, Demaret F, Dreyer S, Ðuras M, Durban JW, Frantzis A, Freitas L, Genty G, Galov A, Hansen SS, Kitchener AC, Martin V, Mignucci-Giannoni AA, Montano V, Moulins A, Olavarría C, Poole MM, Reyes Suárez C, Rogan E, Ryan C, Schiavi A, Tepsich P, Urban R. J, West K, Olsen MT, Carroll EL. Biogeography in the deep: Hierarchical population genomic structure of two beaked whale species. Glob Ecol Conserv 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2022.e02308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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5
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Gonçalves da Silva A, Barendse W, Kijas J, England PR, Hoelzel AR. Genomic data suggest environmental drivers of fish population structure in the deep sea: A case study for the orange roughy (
Hoplostethus atlanticus
). J Appl Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - A. Rus Hoelzel
- Department of Biosciences University of Durham Durham UK
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