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Mihailović Z, Popović V, Durmic T, Milošević M, Soldatović I, Radnić B, Atanasijević T. The significance of post-mortem vitreous calcium concentration in forensic practice. Leg Med (Tokyo) 2020; 47:101779. [PMID: 32919341 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2020.101779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Calcium, as one of the main extracellular ions, maintains a key role in numerous biologic functions. For forensic purposes, it was analyzed mostly for estimation of postmortem interval (PMI). We have designed our experiment with the concept that the repetitive withdrawal of vitreous humor (VH) might clarify the postmortem metabolism of calcium in greater detail to estimate the PMI. Accordingly, 248 samples of VH from 31 autopsy cases were evaluated over three years; samples (0,1 mL of VH) were taken and analyzed at equal time intervals after death-every three hours until 24 h after death. Each sample was centrifuged and analyzed using the ARCHITECT C SYSTEM 8000. Moreover, functional relationship between PMI and calcium concentration was established: PMI (hours) = [Ca2+] × 13.696-7.843. Although the concentration of calcium in VH in the analyzed group increases with time, the coefficient of variation for the regression (CVreg = 46.8%) indicates that this correlation is not so strong, meaning that the level of predictiveness of calcium for estimation of time since death is poor when is not used in combination with other relevant substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoran Mihailović
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vesna Popović
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tijana Durmic
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Miroslav Milošević
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Priština (Kosovska Mitrovica), Serbia
| | - Ivan Soldatović
- Institute for Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bojana Radnić
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tatjana Atanasijević
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Liao L, Xing Y, Xiong X, Gan L, Hu L, Zhao F, Tong Y, Deng S. An electrochemical biosensor for hypoxanthine detection in vitreous humor: A potential tool for estimating the post-mortem interval in forensic cases. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.104760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Pigaiani N, Bertaso A, De Palo EF, Bortolotti F, Tagliaro F. Vitreous humor endogenous compounds analysis for post-mortem forensic investigation. Forensic Sci Int 2020; 310:110235. [PMID: 32169668 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The chemical and biochemical analysis of bodily fluids after death is an important thanatochemical approach to assess the cause and time since death. Vitreous humor (VH) has been used as a biofluid for forensic purposes since the 1960s. Due to its established relevance in toxicology, a literature review highlighting the use of VH with an emphasis on endogenous compounds has not yet been undertaken. VH is a chemically complex aqueous solution of carbohydrates, proteins, electrolytes and other small molecules present in living organisms; this biofluid is useful tool for its isolated environment, preserved from bacterial contamination, decomposition, autolysis, and metabolic reactions. The post-mortem analysis of VH provides an important tool for the estimation of the post-mortem interval (PMI), which can be helpful in determining the cause of death. Consequently, the present review evaluates the recent chemical and biochemical advances with particular importance on the endogenous compounds present at the time of death and their modification over time, which are valuable for the PMI prediction and to identify the cause of death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Pigaiani
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health - Unit of Forensic Medicine, University of Verona, P.le L.A. Scuro 10, Verona, Italy.
| | - Anna Bertaso
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health - Unit of Forensic Medicine, University of Verona, P.le L.A. Scuro 10, Verona, Italy.
| | - Elio Franco De Palo
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health - Unit of Forensic Medicine, University of Verona, P.le L.A. Scuro 10, Verona, Italy
| | - Federica Bortolotti
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health - Unit of Forensic Medicine, University of Verona, P.le L.A. Scuro 10, Verona, Italy
| | - Franco Tagliaro
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health - Unit of Forensic Medicine, University of Verona, P.le L.A. Scuro 10, Verona, Italy; Institute of Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
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Garland J, Philcox W, Kesha K, Morrow P, Lam L, Spark A, Palmiere C, Elstub H, Cala AD, Stables S, Tse R. Differences in Sampling Site on Postmortem Cerebrospinal Fluid Biochemistry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 39:304-308. [DOI: 10.1097/paf.0000000000000420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Metabolic profiling of femoral muscle from rats at different periods of time after death. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203920. [PMID: 30216363 PMCID: PMC6138414 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Clarification of postmortem metabolite changes can help characterize the process of biological degradation and facilitate investigations of forensic casework, especially in the estimation of postmortem interval (PMI). Metabolomics can provide information on the molecular profiles of tissues, which can aid in investigating postmortem metabolite changes. In this study, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric (LC-MS) analysis was performed to identify the metabolic profiles of rat femoral muscle at ten periods of time after death within 168 h. The results obtained by reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC)- and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC)- electrospray ionization (ESI±) have revealed more than 16,000 features from all four datasets. Furthermore, 915 of these features were identified using an in-house database. Principal component analysis (PCA) demonstrated the time-specific features of molecular profiling at each period of time after death. Moreover, results from partial least squares projection to latent structures-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) disclosed a strong association of metabolic alterations of at least 59 metabolites with the time since death, especially within 48 h after death, which expounds these metabolites as potential indicators in PMI estimation. Altogether, our results illustrate the potentiality of metabolic profiling in the evaluation of PMI and provide candidate metabolite markers with strong correlation with time since death for forensic purpose.
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Postmortem Vitreous Sodium and Chloride Elevate After 1 Hour and Magnesium After 2 Hours in Bovine Eyeballs Immersed in Salt Water. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 39:242-246. [DOI: 10.1097/paf.0000000000000397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Post mortem vitreous magnesium in adult population. Forensic Sci Int 2018; 284:46-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2017.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 12/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Postmortem Vitreous Humor Magnesium Does Not Elevate in Salt Water Drowning When the Immersion Time Is Less Than an Hour. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 38:298-303. [DOI: 10.1097/paf.0000000000000351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Yang M, Li H, Yang T, Ding Z, Wu S, Qiu X, Liu Q. A Study on the Estimation of Postmortem Interval Based on Environmental Temperature and Concentrations of Substance in Vitreous Humor. J Forensic Sci 2017; 63:745-751. [DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.13615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhen Yang
- Department of Forensic Medicine; Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan 430030 China
| | - Huijun Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; Tongji Hospital; Tongji Medical College; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan 430030 China
| | - Tiantong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Evidence Science; China University of Political Science and Law; Ministry of Education; Beijing 100040 China
| | - Zijiao Ding
- Department of Forensic Medicine; Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan 430030 China
| | - Shifan Wu
- Department of Forensic Medicine; Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan 430030 China
| | - Xingang Qiu
- Department of Forensic Medicine; Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan 430030 China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Forensic Medicine; Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan 430030 China
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Li C, Wang Q, Zhang Y, Lin H, Zhang J, Huang P, Wang Z. Research progress in the estimation of the postmortem interval by Chinese forensic scholars. Forensic Sci Res 2016; 1:3-13. [PMID: 30483604 PMCID: PMC6197124 DOI: 10.1080/20961790.2016.1229377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The determination of time since death or the postmortem interval (PMI) is one of the most important and frequently asked questions in forensic medicine. Medicolegal scholars and forensic pathologists around the world have studied the estimation of PMI extensively in the past, and many novel methods and advanced technologies have now been applied in the field. For several centuries, Chinese forensic examiners have also worked on the estimation of the PMI, and there are a large number of excellent studies published in Chinese rather than in English, and these are not easily accessible or known internationally. Therefore we have conducted a review of relevant studies published by Chinese forensic scholars in the last few decades. The scope of this review is to provide a concise summary of the current progress in the estimation of PMI by Chinese forensic researchers using molecular biology, spectroscopic technology, entomological methods, energy changes, thanatochemistry and other methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengzhi Li
- School of Forensic Science and Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, PRC, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Forensic Science and Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yinming Zhang
- School of Forensic Science and Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hancheng Lin
- School of Forensic Science and Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ji Zhang
- School of Forensic Science and Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ping Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, PRC, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenyuan Wang
- School of Forensic Science and Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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