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Ren Z, Yang M, He H, Ma Y, Zhou Y, Liu B, Xue K. Transgenic Maize Has Insignificant Effects on the Diversity of Arthropods: A 3-Year Study. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11172254. [PMID: 36079638 PMCID: PMC9460771 DOI: 10.3390/plants11172254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In order to provide more evidence for the evaluation of the ecological risks of transgenic maize, arthropod population dynamics and biodiversity in fields planted with two kinds of transgenic maize (DBN9868, expressing the PAT and EPSPS genes, and DBN9936, expressing the Cry1Ab and EPSPS gene) were investigated by direct observation and trapping for three years. The recorded arthropod species belonged to 19 orders and 87 families, including Aphidoidea, Chrysomelidae, Coccinellidae, Chrysopidae and Araneae. The species richness, Shannon–Wiener diversity index, Pielou evenness index, dominance index and community similarity index of arthropod communities in maize fields were statistically analyzed, and the results showed that (1) the biodiversity difference of arthropod communities between transgenic maize and non-transgenic maize was smaller than that between different conventional cultivars; (2) the differences between ground-dwelling arthropod communities were less obvious than those between plant-inhabiting arthropod communities; and (3) Lepidoptera, the target pests of Bt maize, were not the dominant population in maize fields, and the dominant arthropod population in maize fields varied greatly between years and months. Combining those results, we concluded that the transgenic maize DBN9868 and DBN9936 had no significant effect on the arthropod communities in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhentao Ren
- Country Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas, Minzu University of China, National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing 100081, China
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Muzhi Yang
- Country Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas, Minzu University of China, National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing 100081, China
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Haopeng He
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yanjie Ma
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yijun Zhou
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Biao Liu
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China
- Correspondence: (B.L.); (K.X.)
| | - Kun Xue
- Country Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas, Minzu University of China, National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing 100081, China
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China
- Correspondence: (B.L.); (K.X.)
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García-Ruiz E, Cobos G, Sánchez-Ramos I, Pascual S, Chueca MC, Escorial MC, Santín-Montanyá I, Loureiro Í, González-Núñez M. Dynamics of canopy-dwelling arthropods under different weed management options, including glyphosate, in conventional and genetically modified insect-resistant maize. INSECT SCIENCE 2021; 28:1121-1138. [PMID: 32458593 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The use of genetically modified varieties tolerant to herbicides (HT varieties) and resistant to insects (Bt varieties) in combination with application of a broad-spectrum herbicide such as glyphosate could be an effective option for the simultaneous control of weeds and pests in maize. Nevertheless, the possible impact of these tools on nontarget arthropods still needs to be evaluated. In a field study in central Spain, potential changes in populations of canopy-dwelling arthropods in Bt maize under different weed management options, including glyphosate application, were investigated. Canopy-dwelling arthropods were sampled by visual inspection and yellow sticky traps. The Bt variety had no effect on any group of studied arthropods, except for the expected case of corn borers-the target pests of Bt maize. Regarding the effects of herbicide regimes, the only observed difference was a lower abundance of Cicadellidae and Mymaridae on yellow sticky traps in plots not treated with pre-emergence herbicides. This effect was especially pronounced in a treatment involving two glyphosate applications. The decrease in Cicadellidae and Mymaridae populations was associated with a higher density of weeds in plots, which may have hindered colonization of the crop by leafhoppers. These differences, however, were only significant in the last year of the study. The low likelihood of the use of glyphosate- and herbicide-tolerant varieties for weed control triggering important effects on the nontarget arthropod fauna of the maize canopy is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban García-Ruiz
- Plant Protection Department, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Cobos
- Plant Protection Department, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ismael Sánchez-Ramos
- Plant Protection Department, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana Pascual
- Plant Protection Department, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - María-Cristina Chueca
- Plant Protection Department, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - María-Concepción Escorial
- Plant Protection Department, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Inés Santín-Montanyá
- Plant Protection Department, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Íñigo Loureiro
- Plant Protection Department, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel González-Núñez
- Plant Protection Department, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain
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Yin Y, Xu Y, Cao K, Qin Z, Zhao X, Dong X, Shi W. Impact assessment of Bt maize expressing the Cry1Ab and Cry2Ab protein simultaneously on non-target arthropods. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:21552-21559. [PMID: 32279254 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08665-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Transgenic maize expressing the Cry1Ab and Cry2Ab protein simultaneously from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt-maize) has been grown for farm-scale study to investigate its potential impact to non-target arthropod (NTA). The trials were conducted between Bt maize 2A-7 and its parental line (B73-329) in Beijing, China, over 3 years. Richness (C), Shannon index (H), Pielou index (J), Simpson index (D), and Bray-Curtis index were used to evaluate the population dynamics and biodiversity of the dominant arthropods from per 50 plants in crop field. The mainly abundant groups were Aphidoidea, Araneae, Coccinellidae, Anthocoridae, and Thripidae which represented about 90% of the total number of NTA. Although the abundance of NTA varied from year to year, there is no significant difference between Bt maize and non-Bt maize field. Fluctuations were found at individual sample dates, but the trend of these descriptors remained consistent. Further analysis showed the biodiversity indexes of the dominant arthropods C, H, J, D, and Bray-Curtis dissimilarity between Bt maize producing Cry1Ab and Cry2Ab toxin simultaneously and its parental line had no significant difference except for some sampling dates. These results suggested that Bt maize is compatible with the NTAs and provides further evidence of the ecological impact of genetically modified maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yin
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yudi Xu
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Kaili Cao
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zifang Qin
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinxin Zhao
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuehui Dong
- Department of Agriculture Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wangpeng Shi
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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Svobodová Z, Skoková Habuštová O, Spitzer L, Sehnal F. Importance of functional classification in the use of carabids for the environmental risk assessment of the GE crops and other agricultural practices. INSECT SCIENCE 2020; 27:375-388. [PMID: 30260074 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Carabids (Coleoptera: Carabidae) seem to be suitable bioindicators of the environmental impacts of novel agrotechnologies, including deployment of the genetically engineered (GE) crops. In this article, we describe our effort to employ carabids in the environmental risk assessment (ERA). GE maize MON88017, its near-isogenic hybrid nontreated or treated with the soil insecticide chlorpyrifos, and two reference hybrids were used to compare three different ways how to utilize carabids in ERA. The analysis of abundance of all captured carabids or of the most abundant carabid species did not disclose any differences between the treatments. The analysis based on the categories of functional traits revealed distinct features of some treatments and proved suitable for ERA because it permitted field data transportability in spite of different species compositions. Our results indicate that GE maize has no detrimental environmental effect. On the other hand, we found significant trends toward lower abundance and lower species number (including analysis of all carabid species together) in plots treated with the insecticide, and some tendencies to higher abundance and higher species number in plots sown with the reference hybrid PR38N86. Using functional group indicators allows identification of unintended changes in ecological functions of agroecosystem and comparability across geographies. We recommend data evaluation at the level of the categories of functional traits in ERA of GE crops and other agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zdeňka Svobodová
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Biology Centre, Institute of Entomology, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Oxana Skoková Habuštová
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Biology Centre, Institute of Entomology, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Spitzer
- Museum of the Moravian Wallachia Region, Vsetín, Czech Republic
| | - František Sehnal
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Biology Centre, Institute of Entomology, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
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Xing Y, Qin Z, Feng M, Li A, Zhang L, Wang Y, Dong X, Zhang Y, Tan S, Shi W. The impact of Bt maize expressing the Cry1Ac protein on non-target arthropods. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:5814-5819. [PMID: 30613882 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-4025-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
From 2014 to 2016, individuals of the principal non-target arthropod (NTA) species in a field of Bt maize expressing the Cry1Ac protein (Bt38) were compared to those in a control field of the corresponding non-transformed near isoline (Z58). For all 3 years, the population dynamics and biodiversity of NTAs were analyzed to determine if any differences might be attributable to the genetically modified (GM) maize being evaluated. The main NTAs in these fields were Aphidoidea, Pentatomidae,Araneae, and Coccinellidae. Temporal variation in NTA diversity across sample dates within a year showed no significant differences between the Bt maize and the non-Bt maize field in the total number of individuals of the dominant arthropod species per 25 plants, the Shannon index (H), Pielou index (J), Simpson index (D), and Bray-Curtis index. The cultivation of Bt corn failed to show any detrimental evidence on individuals, H, J, D, and Bray-Curtis index of NTAs, and these parameters were identical in Bt and non-Bt corn plots. These results provide further evidence of the lack of ecological impact of GM maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjie Xing
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zifang Qin
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Mingyue Feng
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Aomei Li
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Liu Zhang
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuehui Dong
- Department of Agriculture Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuqian Tan
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wangpeng Shi
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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