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Lee PS, Dong MH, Yan XL, He TY, Yu SF, Wee SL, Wilson JJ. Blowfly-derived mammal DNA as mammal diversity assessment tool: Determination of dispersal activity and flight range of tropical blowflies. Biodivers Data J 2023; 11:e108438. [PMID: 37736305 PMCID: PMC10509675 DOI: 10.3897/bdj.11.e108438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian DNA extracted from the invertebrates, especially blowfly-derived DNA, has been suggested as a useful tool to complement traditional field methods for terrestrial mammal monitoring. However, the accuracy of the estimated location of the target mammal detected from blowfly-derived DNA is largely dependent on the knowledge of blowflies' dispersal range. Presently, published data on adult blowfly dispersal capabilities remain scarce and mostly limited to temperate and subtropical regions, with no published report on the adult blowfly dispersal range in the Tropics. We seek to determine the blowfly flight range and dispersal activity in a tropical plantation in Malaysia by mark-release-recapture of approximately 3000 wild blowflies by use of rotten fish-baited traps for nine consecutive days. Out of the 3000 marked Chrysomya spp., only 1.5% (43) were recaptured during the 9-day sampling period. The majority of the blowflies (79%) were recaptured 1 km from the release point, while 20.9% were caught about 2-3 km from the release point. One individual blowfly travelled as far as 3 km and before being recaptured, which was the maximum dispersal distance recorded in this study. This result suggests that the estimated locations of the mammals detected from blowfly-derived iDNA is likely to be within 1-2 km radius from the origin of the blowfly sampling location. However, a more accurate estimated distance between the target mammal and the blowfly sampling location requires further investigation due to various factors, such as blowfly species, wind speed and direction that may potentially affect the blowfly dispersal activities. This study contributes further understanding on the development of a blowfly-derived DNA method as a mammalian monitoring tool in the tropical forests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Shin Lee
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, Anhui, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241000, AnhuiChina
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, Anhui, ChinaAnhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, Anhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241000, AnhuiChina
| | - Min Hui Dong
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, Anhui, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241000, AnhuiChina
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, Anhui, ChinaAnhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, Anhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241000, AnhuiChina
| | - Xin Lei Yan
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, Anhui, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241000, AnhuiChina
| | - Tian Yi He
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, Anhui, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241000, AnhuiChina
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, Anhui, ChinaAnhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, Anhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241000, AnhuiChina
| | - Shang Fei Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, Anhui, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241000, AnhuiChina
| | - Suk Ling Wee
- Centre for Insect Systematics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, MalaysiaCentre for Insect Systematics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600 Bangi, SelangorMalaysia
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600 Bangi, SelangorMalaysia
| | - John James Wilson
- Vertebrate Zoology at World Museum, National Museums Liverpool, William Brown Street, Liverpool, United KingdomVertebrate Zoology at World Museum, National Museums Liverpool, William Brown StreetLiverpoolUnited Kingdom
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2
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The Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Torix tukubana (Annelida: Hirudinea: Glossiphoniidae). Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14020388. [PMID: 36833315 PMCID: PMC9957428 DOI: 10.3390/genes14020388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Torix tukubana is a poorly understood proboscidate leech species, generally an ectoparasite on amphibian species. In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of T. tukubana was sequenced using next-generation sequencing (NGS), and the essential characteristics, gene arrangement, and phylogenetic relationship were analyzed. The results showed that the T. tukubana mitogenome was 14,814 bp in length, consisting of 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNAs, 2 rRNAs, and 1 control region (CR). The mitogenome composition presented a strong A + T bias (73.6%). All tRNAs had the typical clover structure except the trnS1 (TCT), whose dihydrouridine (DHU) arm was short, having only one complementary base pair. Additionally, 8 gene order patterns were identified among 25 known Hirudinea species, and T. tukubana was identical to the Hirudinea ground pattern. A phylogenetic analysis based on 13 PCGs indicated that all the studied species clustered into three main clades. The relationships among Hirudinea species were basically consistent with their gene arrangement results, but different from their morphological taxonomy. T. tukubana was in the monophyletic group of Glossiphoniidae, a finding consistent with previous research. Our results provided the essential characteristics of the T. tukubana mitogenome. As the first complete mitogenome of Torix, it could offer valuable information for a systematic understanding of the Hirudinea species.
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3
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Aucone E, Kirchgeorg S, Valentini A, Pellissier L, Deiner K, Mintchev S. Drone-assisted collection of environmental DNA from tree branches for biodiversity monitoring. Sci Robot 2023; 8:eadd5762. [PMID: 36652506 DOI: 10.1126/scirobotics.add5762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The protection and restoration of the biosphere is crucial for human resilience and well-being, but the scarcity of data on the status and distribution of biodiversity puts these efforts at risk. DNA released into the environment by organisms, i.e., environmental DNA (eDNA), can be used to monitor biodiversity in a scalable manner if equipped with the appropriate tool. However, the collection of eDNA in terrestrial environments remains a challenge because of the many potential surfaces and sources that need to be surveyed and their limited accessibility. Here, we propose to survey biodiversity by sampling eDNA on the outer branches of tree canopies with an aerial robot. The drone combines a force-sensing cage with a haptic-based control strategy to establish and maintain contact with the upper surface of the branches. Surface eDNA is then collected using an adhesive surface integrated in the cage of the drone. We show that the drone can autonomously land on a variety of branches with stiffnesses between 1 and 103 newton/meter without prior knowledge of their structural stiffness and with robustness to linear and angular misalignments. Validation in the natural environment demonstrates that our method is successful in detecting animal species, including arthropods and vertebrates. Combining robotics with eDNA sampling from a variety of unreachable aboveground substrates can offer a solution for broad-scale monitoring of biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Aucone
- Environmental Robotics Laboratory, Department of Environmental Systems Science, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow, and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Steffen Kirchgeorg
- Environmental Robotics Laboratory, Department of Environmental Systems Science, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow, and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | | | - Loïc Pellissier
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow, and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland.,Ecosystems and Landscape Evolution Group, Department of Environmental Systems Science, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Kristy Deiner
- Environmental DNA Group, Department of Environmental Systems Science, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Stefano Mintchev
- Environmental Robotics Laboratory, Department of Environmental Systems Science, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow, and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
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4
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Environmental DNA in human and veterinary parasitology - Current applications and future prospects for monitoring and control. Food Waterborne Parasitol 2022; 29:e00183. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fawpar.2022.e00183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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5
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Morishima K, Fukui E, Aizawa M. Concordant genetic structures of sika deer and Japanese land leeches suggest that the current range expansion of
Haemadipsa japonica
is dependent on sika deer migration: A case study from Tochigi Prefecture, Japan. Ecol Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1703.12366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Morishima
- Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute Ibaraki Japan
| | - Emiko Fukui
- Department of Agrobiology and Bioresources, School of Agriculture Utsunomiya University Tochigi Japan
| | - Mineaki Aizawa
- Department of Forest Science, School of Agriculture Utsunomiya University Tochigi Japan
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6
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Bohmann K, Elbrecht V, Carøe C, Bista I, Leese F, Bunce M, Yu DW, Seymour M, Dumbrell AJ, Creer S. Strategies for sample labelling and library preparation in DNA metabarcoding studies. Mol Ecol Resour 2022; 22:1231-1246. [PMID: 34551203 PMCID: PMC9293284 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Metabarcoding of DNA extracted from environmental or bulk specimen samples is increasingly used to profile biota in basic and applied biodiversity research because of its targeted nature that allows sequencing of genetic markers from many samples in parallel. To achieve this, PCR amplification is carried out with primers designed to target a taxonomically informative marker within a taxonomic group, and sample-specific nucleotide identifiers are added to the amplicons prior to sequencing. The latter enables assignment of the sequences back to the samples they originated from. Nucleotide identifiers can be added during the metabarcoding PCR and during "library preparation", that is, when amplicons are prepared for sequencing. Different strategies to achieve this labelling exist. All have advantages, challenges and limitations, some of which can lead to misleading results, and in the worst case compromise the fidelity of the metabarcoding data. Given the range of questions addressed using metabarcoding, ensuring that data generation is robust and fit for the chosen purpose is critically important for practitioners seeking to employ metabarcoding for biodiversity assessments. Here, we present an overview of the three main workflows for sample-specific labelling and library preparation in metabarcoding studies on Illumina sequencing platforms; one-step PCR, two-step PCR, and tagged PCR. Further, we distill the key considerations for researchers seeking to select an appropriate metabarcoding strategy for their specific study. Ultimately, by gaining insights into the consequences of different metabarcoding workflows, we hope to further consolidate the power of metabarcoding as a tool to assess biodiversity across a range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine Bohmann
- Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesSection for Evolutionary GenomicsGlobe InstituteUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Vasco Elbrecht
- Department of Environmental Systems ScienceETH ZurichZürichSwitzerland
| | - Christian Carøe
- Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesSection for Evolutionary GenomicsGlobe InstituteUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Iliana Bista
- Department of GeneticsUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Tree of LifeWellcome Sanger InstituteHinxtonUK
| | - Florian Leese
- Aquatic Ecosystem ResearchFaculty of BiologyUniversity of Duisburg‐EssenEssenGermany
| | - Michael Bunce
- Trace and Environmental DNA (TrEnD) LaboratorySchool of Molecular and Life SciencesCurtin UniversityPerthWAAustralia
| | - Douglas W. Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and EvolutionKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina
- School of Biological SciencesNorwich Research ParkUniversity of East AngliaNorwichUK
- Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and GeneticsChinese Academy of SciencesKunming YunnanChina
| | - Mathew Seymour
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden
| | | | - Simon Creer
- Molecular Ecology and Evolution GroupSchool of Natural SciencesBangor UniversityGwyneddUK
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7
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Ji Y, Baker CCM, Popescu VD, Wang J, Wu C, Wang Z, Li Y, Wang L, Hua C, Yang Z, Yang C, Xu CCY, Diana A, Wen Q, Pierce NE, Yu DW. Measuring protected-area effectiveness using vertebrate distributions from leech iDNA. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1555. [PMID: 35322033 PMCID: PMC8943135 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28778-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Protected areas are key to meeting biodiversity conservation goals, but direct measures of effectiveness have proven difficult to obtain. We address this challenge by using environmental DNA from leech-ingested bloodmeals to estimate spatially-resolved vertebrate occupancies across the 677 km2 Ailaoshan reserve in Yunnan, China. From 30,468 leeches collected by 163 park rangers across 172 patrol areas, we identify 86 vertebrate species, including amphibians, mammals, birds and squamates. Multi-species occupancy modelling shows that species richness increases with elevation and distance to reserve edge. Most large mammals (e.g. sambar, black bear, serow, tufted deer) follow this pattern; the exceptions are the three domestic mammal species (cows, sheep, goats) and muntjak deer, which are more common at lower elevations. Vertebrate occupancies are a direct measure of conservation outcomes that can help guide protected-area management and improve the contributions that protected areas make towards global biodiversity goals. Here, we show the feasibility of using invertebrate-derived DNA to estimate spatially-resolved vertebrate occupancies across entire protected areas. Invertebrate-derived eDNA (iDNA) is an emerging tool for taxonomic and spatial biodiversity monitoring. Here, the authors use metabarcoding of leech-derived iDNA to estimate vertebrate occupancy over an entire protected area, the Ailaoshan Nature Reserve, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinqiu Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological Security of Gaoligong Mountain, Kunming Institute of Zoology, 650223, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Christopher C M Baker
- Museum of Comparative Zoology and Department of Organismic & Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA. .,US Army ERDC Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, 72 Lyme Road, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA.
| | - Viorel D Popescu
- Department of Biological Sciences and Sustainability Studies Theme, Ohio University, 107 Irvine Hall, Athens, OH, 45701, USA.,Center for Environmental Studies (CCMESI), University of Bucharest, 1 N. Balcescu Blvd., Bucharest, Romania
| | - Jiaxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological Security of Gaoligong Mountain, Kunming Institute of Zoology, 650223, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Chunying Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological Security of Gaoligong Mountain, Kunming Institute of Zoology, 650223, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhengyang Wang
- Museum of Comparative Zoology and Department of Organismic & Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Yuanheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological Security of Gaoligong Mountain, Kunming Institute of Zoology, 650223, Kunming, Yunnan, China.,Museum of Comparative Zoology and Department of Organismic & Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Lin Wang
- Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 666303, Mengla, China.,Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 666303, Mengla, China
| | - Chaolang Hua
- Yunnan Forestry Survey and Planning Institute, 289 Renmin E Rd, 650028, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhongxing Yang
- Yunnan Forestry Survey and Planning Institute, 289 Renmin E Rd, 650028, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Chunyan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological Security of Gaoligong Mountain, Kunming Institute of Zoology, 650223, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Charles C Y Xu
- Redpath Museum and Department of Biology, McGill University, 859 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, PQ, H3A2K6, Canada
| | - Alex Diana
- School of Mathematics, Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Kent, Sibson Building, Canterbury, Kent, CT27FS, UK
| | - Qingzhong Wen
- Yunnan Forestry Survey and Planning Institute, 289 Renmin E Rd, 650028, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Naomi E Pierce
- Museum of Comparative Zoology and Department of Organismic & Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
| | - Douglas W Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological Security of Gaoligong Mountain, Kunming Institute of Zoology, 650223, Kunming, Yunnan, China. .,Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 650201, Kunming, Yunnan, China. .,School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk, NR47TJ, UK.
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8
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Massey AL, Bronzoni RVDM, da Silva DJF, Allen JM, de Lázari PR, Dos Santos-Filho M, Canale GR, Bernardo CSS, Peres CA, Levi T. Invertebrates for vertebrate biodiversity monitoring: Comparisons using three insect taxa as iDNA samplers. Mol Ecol Resour 2021; 22:962-977. [PMID: 34601818 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Metabarcoding of environmental DNA (eDNA) is now widely used to build diversity profiles from DNA that has been shed by species into the environment. There is substantial interest in the expansion of eDNA approaches for improved detection of terrestrial vertebrates using invertebrate-derived DNA (iDNA) in which hematophagous, sarcophagous, and coprophagous invertebrates sample vertebrate blood, carrion, or faeces. Here, we used metabarcoding and multiple iDNA samplers (carrion flies, sandflies, and mosquitos) collected from 39 forested sites in the southern Amazon to profile gamma and alpha diversity. Our main objectives were to (1) compare diversity found with iDNA to camera trapping, which is the conventional method of vertebrate diversity surveillance; and (2) compare each of the iDNA samplers to assess the effectiveness, efficiency, and potential biases associated with each sampler. In total, we collected and analysed 1759 carrion flies, 48,686 sandflies, and 4776 mosquitos. Carrion flies revealed the greatest total vertebrate species richness at the landscape level, despite the least amount of sampling effort and the fewest number of individuals captured for metabarcoding, followed by sandflies. Camera traps had the highest median species richness at the site-level but showed strong bias towards carnivore and ungulate species and missed much of the diversity described by iDNA methods. Mosquitos showed a strong feeding preference for humans as did sandflies for armadillos, thus presenting potential utility to further study related to host-vector interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimee L Massey
- Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | | | | | - Jennifer M Allen
- Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Patrick Ricardo de Lázari
- Centro de Estudos de Limnologia e Biodiversidade e Etnobiologia do Pantanal, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Cáceres, Brazil
| | - Manoel Dos Santos-Filho
- Centro de Estudos de Limnologia e Biodiversidade e Etnobiologia do Pantanal, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Cáceres, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Rodrigues Canale
- Instituto de Ciências Naturais, Humanas e Sociais, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Sinop, Brazil
| | | | - Carlos Augusto Peres
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.,Instituto Juruá, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Taal Levi
- Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
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9
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Drinkwater R, Williamson J, Clare EL, Chung AYC, Rossiter SJ, Slade E. Dung beetles as samplers of mammals in Malaysian Borneo-a test of high throughput metabarcoding of iDNA. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11897. [PMID: 34447624 PMCID: PMC8366524 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Invertebrate-derived DNA (iDNA) sampling in biodiversity surveys is becoming increasingly widespread, with most terrestrial studies relying on DNA derived from the gut contents of blood-feeding invertebrates, such as leeches and mosquitoes. Dung beetles (superfamily Scarabaeoidea) primarily feed on the faecal matter of terrestrial vertebrates and offer several potential benefits over blood-feeding invertebrates as samplers of vertebrate DNA. Importantly, these beetles can be easily captured in large numbers using simple, inexpensive baited traps, are globally distributed, and occur in a wide range of habitats. To build on the few existing studies demonstrating the potential of dung beetles as sources of mammalian DNA, we subjected the large-bodied, Bornean dung beetle (Catharsius renaudpauliani) to a controlled feeding experiment. We analysed DNA from gut contents at different times after feeding using qPCR techniques. Here, we first describe the window of DNA persistence within a dung beetle digestive tract. We found that the ability to successfully amplify cattle DNA decayed over relatively short time periods, with DNA copy number decreasing by two orders of magnitude in just 6 h. In addition, we sampled communities of dung beetles from a lowland tropical rainforest in Sabah, Malaysia, in order to test whether it is possible to identify vertebrate sequences from dung beetle iDNA. We sequenced both the gut contents from large dung beetle species, as well as whole communities of smaller beetles. We successfully identified six mammalian species from our samples, including the bearded pig (Sus barbatus) and the sambar deer (Rusa unicolor)—both vulnerable species on the IUCN red list. Our results represent the first use of dung beetle iDNA to sample Southeast Asian vertebrate fauna, and highlight the potential for dung beetle iDNA to be used in future biodiversity monitoring surveys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosie Drinkwater
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph Williamson
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth L Clare
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Arthur Y C Chung
- Sabah Forestry Department, Forest Research Centre, Sandakan, Malaysia
| | - Stephen J Rossiter
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eleanor Slade
- Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore City, Singapore.,Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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10
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Lynggaard C, Oceguera-Figueroa A, Kvist S, Gilbert MTP, Bohmann K. The potential of aquatic bloodfeeding and nonbloodfeeding leeches as a tool for iDNA characterisation. Mol Ecol Resour 2021; 22:539-553. [PMID: 34402209 PMCID: PMC9292958 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Leeches play important roles in food webs due to their abundance, diversity and feeding habits. Studies using invertebrate‐derived DNA (iDNA) extracted from leech gut contents to target vertebrate DNA have focused on the Indo‐Pacific region and mainly leveraged the leech family Haemadipsidae, composed of bloodfeeding terrestrial leeches, while predatory, fluid/tissue‐feeding and aquatic bloodfeeding species have been largely disregarded. While there is some general knowledge regarding the taxonomic groups that leeches prefer to feed on, detailed taxonomic resolution is missing and, therefore, their potential use for monitoring animals is unknown. In this study, 116 leeches from 12 species (six families) and spanning the three feeding habits were collected in Mexico and Canada. We used DNA metabarcoding to investigate their diet and assess their potential use for biodiversity monitoring. We detected vertebrates from five orders including fish, turtles and birds in the diet of aquatic bloodfeeding leeches; eight invertebrate orders of annelids, arthropods and molluscs in leeches that feed on body fluids and tissues; and 10 orders of invertebrates belonging to Arthropoda and Annelida, as well as one vertebrate and one parasitic nematode, in predatory leeches. These results show the potential use of iDNA from aquatic bloodfeeding leeches for retrieving vertebrate taxa, and from predatory and fluid‐feeding leeches for invertebrates. Our study provides information about the dietary range of freshwater leeches and one terrestrial leech and contributes proof‐of‐concept for the use of these leeches for animal monitoring, expanding our knowledge of the use of iDNA from leech gut contents to North America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Lynggaard
- Section for Evolutionary Genomics, The Globe Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Alejandro Oceguera-Figueroa
- Laboratorio de Helmintología, Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Sebastian Kvist
- Department of Natural History, Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - M Thomas P Gilbert
- Section for Evolutionary Genomics, The Globe Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen K, Denmark.,University Museum, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kristine Bohmann
- Section for Evolutionary Genomics, The Globe Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen K, Denmark
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11
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Alfano N, Dayaram A, Axtner J, Tsangaras K, Kampmann M, Mohamed A, Wong ST, Gilbert MTP, Wilting A, Greenwood AD. Non‐invasive surveys of mammalian viruses using environmental DNA. Methods Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.13661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Niccolò Alfano
- Department of Ecological Dynamics Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research Berlin Germany
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology University of Pavia Pavia Italy
| | - Anisha Dayaram
- Department of Wildlife Diseases Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research Berlin Germany
- Charité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin Corporate Member of Freie Universitäts Berlin and Humboldt‐Universität of BerlinInstitut für Neurophysiologie Berlin Germany
| | - Jan Axtner
- Department of Ecological Dynamics Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research Berlin Germany
| | - Kyriakos Tsangaras
- Department of Life and Health Sciences University of Nicosia Nicosia Cyprus
| | - Marie‐Louise Kampmann
- Department of Ecological Dynamics Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research Berlin Germany
- Section of Forensic Genetics Department of Forensic Medicine Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Azlan Mohamed
- Department of Ecological Dynamics Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research Berlin Germany
- WWF‐MalaysiaPJCC Petaling Jaya Malaysia
| | - Seth T. Wong
- Department of Ecological Dynamics Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research Berlin Germany
| | - M. Thomas P. Gilbert
- The GLOBE Institute University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
- University MuseumNTNU Trondheim Norway
| | - Andreas Wilting
- Department of Ecological Dynamics Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research Berlin Germany
| | - Alex D. Greenwood
- Department of Wildlife Diseases Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research Berlin Germany
- Department of Veterinary Medicine Freie Universität Berlin Berlin Germany
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12
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Wang M, Tong X, Su Y, Meng F, Liu Z. Characterization of the complete mitogenome of a land leech, Haemadipsa crenata Ngamprasertwong (Arhynchobdellida: Haemadipsidae). MITOCHONDRIAL DNA PART B-RESOURCES 2021; 6:2069-2070. [PMID: 34212101 PMCID: PMC8218832 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2021.1939180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Land leeches of genus Haemadipsa (Family Haemadipsidae) are widely distributed in South East Asia. Haemadipsa crenata Ngamprasertwong is a blood-feeding species firstly reported from Thailand. A complete mitochondrial genome of H. crenata was characterized in this study for further genetic exploration on land leech. The reads were assembled into a circular mitogenome of 14,725 bp in length. The AT content of H. crenata mitogenome is 76.79%. The annotated mitogenome contains 22 tRNAs, 2 rRNAs, and 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), and the structure of PCG open reading frames was confirmed. Finally, the phylogenetic relationship of H. crenata and other leech species were reconstructed using mitogenomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo Wang
- Key Laboratory for Conserving Wildlife with Small Populations in Yunnan, Faculty of Biodiversity Conservation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiangrong Tong
- Engineering Research Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Leech Resources in Universities of Yunnan Province, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kunming University, Kunming, China
| | - Yuan Su
- Engineering Research Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Leech Resources in Universities of Yunnan Province, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kunming University, Kunming, China
| | - Fanming Meng
- Department of Medical Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zichao Liu
- Engineering Research Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Leech Resources in Universities of Yunnan Province, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kunming University, Kunming, China
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13
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Host feeding patterns of Nyssorhynchus darlingi (Diptera: Culicidae) in the Brazilian Amazon. Acta Trop 2021; 213:105751. [PMID: 33166514 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nyssorhynchus darlingi (Root) is the dominant malaria vector in the Brazilian Amazon River basin, with additional Anophelinae Grassi species involved in local and regional transmission. Mosquito blood-feeding behavior is an essential component to define the mosquito-human contact rate and shape the transmission cycle of vector-borne diseases. However, there is little information on the host preferences and blood-feeding behavior of Anophelinae vectors in rural Amazonian landscapes. The barrier screen sampling (BSS) method was employed to sample females from 34 peridomestic habitats in 27 rural communities from 11 municipalities in the Brazilian Amazon states of Acre, Amazonas, Pará and Rondônia, from August 2015 to November 2017. Nyssorhynchus darlingi comprised 97.94% of the females collected resting on barrier screens, and DNA sequence comparison detected 9 vertebrate hosts species. The HBI index ranged from 0.03-1.00. Results revealed the plasticity of Ny. darlingi in blood-feeding on a wide range of mainly mammalian hosts. In addition, the identification of blood meal sources using silica-dried females is appropriate for studies of human malaria vectors in remote locations.
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14
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Fahmy M, Williams KM, Tessler M, Weiskopf SR, Hekkala E, Siddall ME. Multilocus Metabarcoding of Terrestrial Leech Bloodmeal iDNA Increases Species Richness Uncovered in Surveys of Vertebrate Host Biodiversity. J Parasitol 2020; 106:843-853. [DOI: 10.1645/19-189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mai Fahmy
- Department of Biological Sciences, Fordham University, Bronx, New York 10458
| | - Kalani M. Williams
- Department of Biological Sciences, Fordham University, Bronx, New York 10458
| | - Michael Tessler
- Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, New York 10024
| | - Sarah R. Weiskopf
- United States Geological Survey, National Climate Adaptation Science Center, 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive, MS 516, Reston, Virginia 20192
| | - Evon Hekkala
- Department of Biological Sciences, Fordham University, Bronx, New York 10458
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15
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Drinkwater R, Jucker T, Potter JHT, Swinfield T, Coomes DA, Slade EM, Gilbert MTP, Lewis OT, Bernard H, Struebig MJ, Clare EL, Rossiter SJ. Leech blood-meal invertebrate-derived DNA reveals differences in Bornean mammal diversity across habitats. Mol Ecol 2020; 30:3299-3312. [PMID: 33171014 PMCID: PMC8359290 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The application of metabarcoding to environmental and invertebrate‐derived DNA (eDNA and iDNA) is a new and increasingly applied method for monitoring biodiversity across a diverse range of habitats. This approach is particularly promising for sampling in the biodiverse humid tropics, where rapid land‐use change for agriculture means there is a growing need to understand the conservation value of the remaining mosaic and degraded landscapes. Here we use iDNA from blood‐feeding leeches (Haemadipsa picta) to assess differences in mammalian diversity across a gradient of forest degradation in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo. We screened 557 individual leeches for mammal DNA by targeting fragments of the 16S rRNA gene and detected 14 mammalian genera. We recorded lower mammal diversity in the most heavily degraded forest compared to higher quality twice logged forest. Although the accumulation curves of diversity estimates were comparable across these habitat types, diversity was higher in twice logged forest, with more taxa of conservation concern. In addition, our analysis revealed differences between the community recorded in the heavily logged forest and that of the twice logged forest. By revealing differences in mammal diversity across a human‐modified tropical landscape, our study demonstrates the value of iDNA as a noninvasive biomonitoring approach in conservation assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosie Drinkwater
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Tommaso Jucker
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Joshua H T Potter
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Tom Swinfield
- Department of Plant Sciences, Forest and Ecology Conservation Group, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - David A Coomes
- Department of Plant Sciences, Forest and Ecology Conservation Group, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Eleanor M Slade
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - M Thomas P Gilbert
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,University Museum, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Owen T Lewis
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Henry Bernard
- Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Matthew J Struebig
- Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology (DICE), School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
| | - Elizabeth L Clare
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Stephen J Rossiter
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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16
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McColl-Gausden EF, Weeks AR, Coleman RA, Robinson KL, Song S, Raadik TA, Tingley R. Multispecies models reveal that eDNA metabarcoding is more sensitive than backpack electrofishing for conducting fish surveys in freshwater streams. Mol Ecol 2020; 30:3111-3126. [PMID: 32966639 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Environmental DNA (eDNA) sampling can provide accurate, cost-effective, landscape-level data on species distributions. Previous studies have compared the sensitivity of eDNA sampling to traditional sampling methods for single species, but similar comparative studies on multispecies eDNA metabarcoding are rare. Using hierarchical site occupancy detection models, we examined whether key choices associated with eDNA metabarcoding (primer selection, low-abundance read filtering and the number of positive water samples used to classify a species as present at a site) affect the sensitivity of metabarcoding, relative to backpack electrofishing for fish in freshwater streams. Under all scenarios (teleostei and vertebrate primers; 0%, 0.1% and 1% read filtering thresholds; one or two positive samples required to classify species as present), we found that eDNA metabarcoding is, on average, more sensitive than electrofishing. Combining vertebrate and teleostei markers resulted in higher detection probabilities relative to the use of either marker in isolation. Increasing the threshold used to filter low-abundance reads decreased species detection probabilities but did not change our overall finding that eDNA metabarcoding was more sensitive than electrofishing. Using a threshold of two positive water samples (out of five) to classify a species as present typically had negligible effects on detection probabilities compared to using one positive water sample. Our findings demonstrate that eDNA metabarcoding is generally more sensitive than electrofishing for conducting fish surveys in freshwater streams, and that this outcome is not sensitive to methodological decisions associated with metabarcoding.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew R Weeks
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,cesar Pty Ltd, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Katie L Robinson
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Sue Song
- cesar Pty Ltd, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Tarmo A Raadik
- Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental Research, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Reid Tingley
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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17
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Terraube J, Fernández-Llamazares Á. Strengthening protected areas to halt biodiversity loss and mitigate pandemic risks. CURRENT OPINION IN ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY 2020; 46:35-38. [PMID: 33014191 PMCID: PMC7525266 DOI: 10.1016/j.cosust.2020.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The current COVID-19 pandemics is having a major impact on our global health and economies. There is widespread recognition that ecosystem disruption, including land-use change and illegal wildlife trade, is linked to the increasing emergence of zoonotic diseases. Here, we emphasize that protected areas play a fundamental role in buffering against novel disease outbreaks by maintaining ecosystem integrity. However, protected areas worldwide are facing increasing human pressures, which are being amplified by the unfolding COVID-19 crisis. Increased resources are thus urgently needed to mainstream a One Health approach to protected area management, focusing specifically on i) monitoring illegal wildlife trade, ii) biodiversity trends and iii) surveillance of zoonotic pathogens. Improving integration of public health into global biodiversity conservation policies should be a top priority to reduce the risk of future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Terraube
- Global Change Ecology Research Group, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD, Australia
| | - Álvaro Fernández-Llamazares
- Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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18
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Host-parasite relationships between seabirds and the haemadipsid leech Chtonobdella palmyrae (Annelida: Clitellata) inhabiting oceanic islands in the Pacific Ocean. Parasitology 2020; 147:1765-1773. [PMID: 32943118 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182020001729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The duognathous haemadipsid leeches of the genus Chtonobdella show a trans-oceanic distribution throughout the Indo-Pacific region. Although passive long-distance dispersal (LDD) of Chtonobdella leeches by birds has been suggested, little is known about the host-parasite relationships between avian hosts and Chtonobdella leeches. In the current study, we investigated Chtonobdella leech infestations of the eyes and other mucus membranes of migratory procellariiform seabirds, Pterodroma hypoleuca and Oceanodroma tristrami, captured at six locations in the Bonin Islands, Honshu and Okinawa Island, Japan. Analyses of the partial sequences of 18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and morphological examination of the specimens demonstrated that the Chtonobdella leeches belonged to Chtonobdella palmyrae, which is indigenous to Palmyra Atoll in the Northern Line Islands. A dominant COI sequence type was observed in samples from all six sites; therefore, C. palmyrae almost surely dispersed approximately 1000 km by infesting the eyes and mucus membranes of procellariiform seabirds. The host-parasite relationships between procellariiform seabirds and C. palmyrae provide explicit evidence of the LDD of duognathous haemadipsid leeches. The taxonomic status of Haemadipsa zeylanica ivosimae from the Volcano Islands is also briefly discussed.
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19
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Morishima K, Nakano T, Aizawa M. Sika deer presence affects the host-parasite interface of a Japanese land leech. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:6030-6038. [PMID: 32607210 PMCID: PMC7319141 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the 1990s, increasing populations of a blood feeding land leech (Haemadipsa japonica) have become a serious issue in several Japanese prefectures, and it may be caused by the increases in sika deer (Cervus nippon) populations seen over the last quarter of the century. Therefore, this study aimed to reveal the host animal species of H. japonica using iDNA (vertebrate DNA isolated from invertebrates) and to test the hypothesis that the increasingly widespread distribution of sika deer results in increased H. japonica populations through changes to the host-parasite interface. We amplified mitochondrial DNA 16S ribosome RNA fragments from iDNA isolated from the blood clots of H. japonica collected across Japan. We identified 17 host animal species, including four orders of Mammalia (Carnivora, Artiodactyla, Rodentia, and Lagomorpha) and two orders of Amphibia (Caudata and Anura). The sika deer was the dominant host species of H. japonica. Additionally, the host animal species composition of H. japonica differed according to the presence or absence of sika deer. In the sites where sika deer were not found, Anura (frog) species were the most commonly identified hosts of H. japonica. These results suggest that the increases in H. japonica populations might have occurred via a change in host preference to sika deer. This change might be driven by the increases in sika deer populations and subsequent increase in the frequency that H. japonica uses the sika deer as easy prey, as well as by sika deer providing more reproductive energy per blood meal than blood meal from frog species. The present study suggests that a more widespread distribution of sika deer resulted in an increase in H. japonica through a change in the host-parasite interface. Therefore, management that focuses on decreasing sika deer populations would likely be an effective method for the reduction of H. japonica populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Morishima
- United Graduate School of Agricultural ScienceTokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyUtsunomiyaJapan
| | - Takafumi Nakano
- Department of ZoologyGraduate School of ScienceKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Mineaki Aizawa
- Department of Forest ScienceSchool of AgricultureUtsunomiya UniversityUtsunomiyaJapan
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20
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Solarz W, Najberek K, Wilk‐Woźniak E, Biedrzycka A. Raccoons foster the spread of freshwater and terrestrial microorganisms—Mammals as a source of microbial eDNA. DIVERS DISTRIB 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Solarz
- Institute of Nature Conservation Polish Academy of Sciences Kraków Poland
| | - Kamil Najberek
- Institute of Nature Conservation Polish Academy of Sciences Kraków Poland
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21
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Tilker A, Abrams JF, Nguyen A, Hörig L, Axtner J, Louvrier J, Rawson BM, Nguyen HAQ, Guegan F, Nguyen TV, Le M, Sollmann R, Wilting A. Identifying conservation priorities in a defaunated tropical biodiversity hotspot. DIVERS DISTRIB 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Tilker
- Department of Ecological Dynamics Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research Berlin Germany
- Global Wildlife Conservation Austin TX USA
| | - Jesse F. Abrams
- Department of Ecological Dynamics Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research Berlin Germany
| | - An Nguyen
- Department of Ecological Dynamics Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research Berlin Germany
| | - Lisa Hörig
- Department of Ecological Dynamics Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research Berlin Germany
| | - Jan Axtner
- Department of Ecological Dynamics Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research Berlin Germany
| | - Julie Louvrier
- Department of Ecological Dynamics Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research Berlin Germany
| | | | | | | | - Thanh Van Nguyen
- Department of Ecological Dynamics Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research Berlin Germany
- VNU-Central Institute for Natural Resources and Environmental Studies Vietnam National University Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Minh Le
- VNU-Central Institute for Natural Resources and Environmental Studies Vietnam National University Hanoi Vietnam
- Department of Environmental Ecology Faculty of Environmental Sciences VNU-University of Science, Vietnam National University Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Rahel Sollmann
- Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Conservation Biology University of California Davis Davis CA USA
| | - Andreas Wilting
- Department of Ecological Dynamics Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research Berlin Germany
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22
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23
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Hanya G, Morishima K, Koide T, Otani Y, Hongo S, Honda T, Okamura H, Higo Y, Hattori M, Kondo Y, Kurihara Y, Jin S, Otake A, Shiroisihi I, Takakuwa T, Yamamoto H, Suzuki H, Kajimura H, Hayakawa T, Suzuki‐Hashido N, Nakano T. Host selection of hematophagous leeches (
Haemadipsa japonica
): Implications for iDNA studies. Ecol Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1703.12059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Goro Hanya
- Primate Research Institute Kyoto University Inuyama Japan
| | - Kaori Morishima
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Science Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Utsunomiya Japan
| | | | - Yosuke Otani
- Center for the Study of Co* Design Osaka University Toyonaka Japan
| | - Shun Hongo
- The Center for African Area Studies Kyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Takeaki Honda
- Primate Research Institute Kyoto University Inuyama Japan
| | - Hiroki Okamura
- Primate Research Institute Kyoto University Inuyama Japan
| | - Yuma Higo
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences Nagoya University Nagoya Japan
| | - Masamichi Hattori
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Gifu University Gifu Japan
| | - Yuki Kondo
- Graduate School of Education Gifu University Gifu Japan
- Graduate School of Science Osaka City University Osaka Japan
| | - Yosuke Kurihara
- Primate Research Institute Kyoto University Inuyama Japan
- Center for Education and Research in Field Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture Shizuoka University Hamamatsu Japan
| | - Sakura Jin
- Faculty of Agriculture Iwate University Morioka Japan
| | - Aji Otake
- Faculty of Agriculture Iwate University Morioka Japan
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies Kyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | | | - Tomomi Takakuwa
- Faculty of Agriculture Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Fuchu Japan
| | | | - Hanami Suzuki
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences Nagoya University Nagoya Japan
| | - Hisashi Kajimura
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences Nagoya University Nagoya Japan
| | - Takashi Hayakawa
- Primate Research Institute Kyoto University Inuyama Japan
- Faculty of Environmental Earth Science Hokkaido University Sapporo Japan
- Japan Monkey Centre Inuyama Japan
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24
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Fahmy M, Ravelomanantsoa NAF, Youssef S, Hekkala E, Siddall M. Biological inventory of Ranomafana National Park tetrapods using leech-derived iDNA. EUR J WILDLIFE RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10344-019-1305-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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25
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Axtner J, Crampton-Platt A, Hörig LA, Mohamed A, Xu CCY, Yu DW, Wilting A. An efficient and robust laboratory workflow and tetrapod database for larger scale environmental DNA studies. Gigascience 2019; 8:giz029. [PMID: 30997489 PMCID: PMC6461710 DOI: 10.1093/gigascience/giz029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of environmental DNA for species detection via metabarcoding is growing rapidly. We present a co-designed lab workflow and bioinformatic pipeline to mitigate the 2 most important risks of environmental DNA use: sample contamination and taxonomic misassignment. These risks arise from the need for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification to detect the trace amounts of DNA combined with the necessity of using short target regions due to DNA degradation. FINDINGS Our high-throughput workflow minimizes these risks via a 4-step strategy: (i) technical replication with 2 PCR replicates and 2 extraction replicates; (ii) using multi-markers (12S,16S,CytB); (iii) a "twin-tagging," 2-step PCR protocol; and (iv) use of the probabilistic taxonomic assignment method PROTAX, which can account for incomplete reference databases. Because annotation errors in the reference sequences can result in taxonomic misassignment, we supply a protocol for curating sequence datasets. For some taxonomic groups and some markers, curation resulted in >50% of sequences being deleted from public reference databases, owing to (i) limited overlap between our target amplicon and reference sequences, (ii) mislabelling of reference sequences, and (iii) redundancy. Finally, we provide a bioinformatic pipeline to process amplicons and conduct PROTAX assignment and tested it on an invertebrate-derived DNA dataset from 1,532 leeches from Sabah, Malaysia. Twin-tagging allowed us to detect and exclude sequences with non-matching tags. The smallest DNA fragment (16S) amplified most frequently for all samples but was less powerful for discriminating at species rank. Using a stringent and lax acceptance criterion we found 162 (stringent) and 190 (lax) vertebrate detections of 95 (stringent) and 109 (lax) leech samples. CONCLUSIONS Our metabarcoding workflow should help research groups increase the robustness of their results and therefore facilitate wider use of environmental and invertebrate-derived DNA, which is turning into a valuable source of ecological and conservation information on tetrapods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Axtner
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Department of Ecological Dynamics, Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, 10315 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alex Crampton-Platt
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Department of Ecological Dynamics, Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, 10315 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lisa A Hörig
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Department of Ecological Dynamics, Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, 10315 Berlin, Germany
| | - Azlan Mohamed
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Department of Ecological Dynamics, Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, 10315 Berlin, Germany
| | - Charles C Y Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 Jiaochang East Rd, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 11103, 9700 CC Groningen, The Netherlands
- Redpath Museum and Department of Biology, McGill University 859 Sherbooke Street West, Montreal, PQ, Canada H3A 2K6
| | - Douglas W Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 Jiaochang East Rd, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk NR47TJ, UK
| | - Andreas Wilting
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Department of Ecological Dynamics, Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, 10315 Berlin, Germany
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26
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Siddall ME, Barkdull M, Tessler M, Brugler MR, Borda E, Hekkala E. Ideating iDNA: Lessons and limitations from leeches in legacy collections. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0212226. [PMID: 30794582 PMCID: PMC6386349 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0212226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Indirect methods for conducting faunal inventories present great promise, and genomic inventories derived from environmental sources (eDNA) are improving. Invertebrate ingested DNA (iDNA) from terrestrial leeches in the family Haemadipsidae has shown potential for surveying vertebrates and biodiversity monitoring in protected areas. Here we present an initial, and critical, evaluation of the limitations and biases of current iDNA protocols for biodiversity monitoring using both standard and NGS barcoding approaches. Key findings include the need for taxon relevant multi-locus markers and reference databases. In particular, the limitations of available reference databases have profound potential to mislead and bias eDNA and iDNA results if not critically interpreted. Nevertheless, there is great potential for recovery of amplifiable DNA from gut contents of invertebrate museum specimens which may reveal both temporal patterns and cryptic diversity in protected areas with increased efficiency. Our analyses of ingested DNA (iDNA) from both freshly stored and previously collected (legacy) samples of terrestrial leeches successfully identified vertebrates from Myanmar, Australia and Madagascar and indicate the potential to characterize microbial communities, pathogen diversity and interactions at low cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark E. Siddall
- Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Megan Barkdull
- New College of Florida, Sarasota, Florida, United States of America
| | - Michael Tessler
- Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Mercer R. Brugler
- Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York, United States of America
- Biological Sciences Department, NYC College of Technology, City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth Borda
- Department of Science and Math, Texas A&M University San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Evon Hekkala
- Department of Biological Sciences, Fordham University, Bronx, New York, United States of America
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27
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Detection and Control of Invasive Freshwater Crayfish: From Traditional to Innovative Methods. DIVERSITY-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/d11010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Invasive alien species are widespread in freshwater systems compared to terrestrial ecosystems. Among crustaceans, crayfish in particular have been widely introduced and are considered a major threat to freshwater ecosystem functioning. New emerging techniques for detecting and controlling invasive crayfish and protecting endangered native species are; thus, now highly desirable and several are under evaluation. Important innovations have been developed in recent years for detection of both invasive and native crayfish, mainly through eDNA, which allows for the detection of the target species even at low abundance levels and when not directly observable. Forecasting models have also moved towards the creation of realistic invasion scenarios, allowing effective management plans to be developed in advance of invasions. The importance of monitoring the spread and impacts of crayfish and pathogens in developing national data and research networks is emphasised; here “citizen science” can also play a role. Emerging techniques are still being considered in the field of invasive crayfish control. Although for decades the main traditional techniques to manage invasive crayfish were solely based on trapping, since 2010 biological, biocidal, autocidal controls and sexual attractants, monosex populations, RNA interference, the sterile male release technique and oral delivery have all also been investigated for crayfish control. In this review, ongoing methodologies applied to the detection and management of invasive crayfish are discussed, highlighting their benefits and limitations.
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Drinkwater R, Schnell IB, Bohmann K, Bernard H, Veron G, Clare E, Gilbert MTP, Rossiter SJ. Using metabarcoding to compare the suitability of two blood-feeding leech species for sampling mammalian diversity in North Borneo. Mol Ecol Resour 2019; 19:105-117. [PMID: 30225935 PMCID: PMC7379310 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.12943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The application of high-throughput sequencing (HTS) for metabarcoding of mixed samples offers new opportunities in conservation biology. Recently, the successful detection of prey DNA from the guts of leeches has raised the possibility that these, and other blood-feeding invertebrates, might serve as useful samplers of mammals. Yet little is known about whether sympatric leech species differ in their feeding preferences, and whether this has a bearing on their relative suitability for monitoring local mammalian diversity. To address these questions, we collected spatially matched samples of two congeneric leech species Haemadipsa picta and Haemadipsa sumatrana from lowland rainforest in Borneo. For each species, we pooled ~500 leeches into batches of 10 individuals, performed PCR to target a section of the mammalian 16S rRNA locus and undertook sequencing of amplicon libraries using an Illumina MiSeq. In total, we identified sequences from 14 mammalian genera, spanning nine families and five orders. We found greater numbers of detections, and higher diversity of OTUs, in H. picta compared with H. sumatrana, with rodents only present in the former leech species. However, comparison of samples from across the landscape revealed no significant difference in mammal community composition between the leech species. We therefore suggest that H. picta is the more suitable iDNA sampler in this degraded Bornean forest. We conclude that the choice of invertebrate sampler can influence the detectability of different mammal groups and that this should be accounted for when designing iDNA studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosie Drinkwater
- School of Biological and Chemical SciencesQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | | | - Kristine Bohmann
- Natural History Museum of DenmarkUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of East Anglia, Norwich Research ParkNorwich, NorfolkUK
| | - Henry Bernard
- Institute for Tropical Biology and ConservationUniversiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMSKota KinabaluSabahMalaysia
| | - Géraldine Veron
- Institut Systématique Evolution Biodiversité (ISYEB)Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHEParis CedexFrance
| | - Elizabeth Clare
- School of Biological and Chemical SciencesQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - M. Thomas P. Gilbert
- Natural History Museum of DenmarkUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
- NTNU University Museum, Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
| | - Stephen J. Rossiter
- School of Biological and Chemical SciencesQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
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Alberdi A, Aizpurua O, Bohmann K, Gopalakrishnan S, Lynggaard C, Nielsen M, Gilbert MTP. Promises and pitfalls of using high‐throughput sequencing for diet analysis. Mol Ecol Resour 2018; 19:327-348. [DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.12960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antton Alberdi
- Section for Evolutionary Genomics, Natural History Museum of Denmark University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Ostaizka Aizpurua
- Section for Evolutionary Genomics, Natural History Museum of Denmark University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Kristine Bohmann
- Section for Evolutionary Genomics, Natural History Museum of Denmark University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
- School of Biological Sciences University of East Anglia Norwich Norfolk UK
| | - Shyam Gopalakrishnan
- Section for Evolutionary Genomics, Natural History Museum of Denmark University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Christina Lynggaard
- Section for Evolutionary Genomics, Natural History Museum of Denmark University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Martin Nielsen
- Section for Evolutionary Genomics, Natural History Museum of Denmark University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Marcus Thomas Pius Gilbert
- Section for Evolutionary Genomics, Natural History Museum of Denmark University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
- NTNU University Museum Trondheim Norway
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