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Chrystoja BR, Monteiro MG, Owe G, Gawryszewski VP, Rehm J, Shield K. Mortality in the Americas from 2013 to 2015 resulting from diseases, conditions and injuries which are 100% alcohol-attributable. Addiction 2021; 116:2685-2696. [PMID: 33844362 DOI: 10.1111/add.15475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To describe mortality in the Americas from 2013 to 2015 inclusive resulting from diseases, conditions and injuries which are 100% attributable to alcohol consumption. DESIGN AND SETTING Mortality registry, population-based study. The data come from 30 of the 35 countries of the Americas for the triennium of 2013 to 2015. PARTICIPANTS AND CASES A total of 18 673 791 deaths coded by three-digit ICD-10 codes were analyzed. MEASUREMENTS Cause (underlying), and age-specific and age-adjusted mortality rates were calculated by sex and country. FINDINGS From 2013 to 2015 inclusive, among 30 of the 35 countries of the Americas, an average of 85 032 deaths per year were entirely attributable to alcohol. Men accounted for 83.1% of all 100% alcohol-attributable deaths, and death rates were higher for men than for women across all countries; however, the ratios of 100% alcohol-attributable deaths by sex varied by country. The majority of all 100% alcohol-attributable deaths occurred among those aged under 60 years (64.9%) and were due to liver disease (63.9%) followed by neuropsychiatric disorders (27.4%). Age-adjusted 100% alcohol-attributable mortality rates were highest in Nicaragua (23.2 per 100 000) and Guatemala (19.0 per 100 000), although the majority of all 100% alcohol-attributable deaths occurred in the United States 36.9%), Brazil (24.8%), and Mexico (18.4%). CONCLUSIONS From 2013 to 2015, more than 85 000 deaths in the Americas were 100% attributable to alcohol. Most of those occurred in people under 60 years and the highest mortality rates occurred in the United States, Brazil and Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany R Chrystoja
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,World Health Organization and Pan American Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maristela G Monteiro
- Mental Health and Substance Use Unit, Noncommunicable Diseases and Mental Health Department, Pan American Health Organization, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Glory Owe
- Mental Health and Substance Use Unit, Noncommunicable Diseases and Mental Health Department, Pan American Health Organization, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Vilma Pinheiro Gawryszewski
- Health Analysis and Equity Metrics Unit, Evidence and Intelligence for Action in Health Department, Pan American Health Organization, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jürgen Rehm
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,World Health Organization and Pan American Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy and Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Longitudinal Studies, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Department of International Health Projects, Institute for Leadership and Health Management, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Kevin Shield
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,World Health Organization and Pan American Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Trajectories of middle-aged and elderly people's chronic diseases Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs): cohort, socio-economic status and gender disparities. Int J Equity Health 2021; 20:179. [PMID: 34344369 PMCID: PMC8335861 DOI: 10.1186/s12939-021-01517-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The accelerated aging trend brought great chronic diseases burdens. Disabled Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) is a novel way to measure the chronic diseases burden. This study aimed to explore the cohort, socioeconomic status (SES), and gender disparities of the DALYs trajectories. METHODS A total of 15,062 participants (55,740 observations) comes from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) from 2011 to 2018. Mixed growth curve model was adopted to predict the DALYS trajectories in 45-90 years old people influenced by different birth cohorts and SES. RESULTS We find significant cohort, SES (resident place, education level and income) disparities differences in the chronic diseases DALYs. For individuals of earlier cohort, DALYs are developed in a late age but grow fast with age but reversed for most recent cohorts. Living in urban, having higher SES level will decrease the growth rate with age, but converges for most recent cohorts. Meanwhile, DALYs disparities of resident place and education level show gender differentials that those for female are narrowed across cohort but for male are not. CONCLUSIONS The cohort effects on chronic diseases DALYs are accumulated with China's unique social, and political settings. There are large inequalities in early experiences, SES and DALYs. Efforts of reducing these inequalities must focus on the lower SES individuals and those living in rural areas, which greatly benefit individuals from recent cohorts.
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Ghosh A, Mahintamani T, Choudhury S. Commentary on Rossow et al.: The directions and tools to pursue a public health-orientated alcohol policy. Addiction 2021; 116:60-61. [PMID: 32633435 DOI: 10.1111/add.15172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Ghosh
- Drug Deaddiction and Treatment Centre and Department of Psychiatry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Tathagata Mahintamani
- Drug Deaddiction and Treatment Centre and Department of Psychiatry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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