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Yuan S, Yang X, Wang X, Chen J, Tian W, Yang B. Injectable Xenogeneic Dental Pulp Decellularized Extracellular Matrix Hydrogel Promotes Functional Dental Pulp Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17483. [PMID: 38139310 PMCID: PMC10743504 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The present challenge in dental pulp tissue engineering scaffold materials lies in the development of tissue-specific scaffolds that are conducive to an optimal regenerative microenvironment and capable of accommodating intricate root canal systems. This study utilized porcine dental pulp to derive the decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) via appropriate decellularization protocols. The resultant dECM was dissolved in an acid pepsin solution to form dECM hydrogels. The analysis encompassed evaluating the microstructure and rheological properties of dECM hydrogels and evaluated their biological properties, including in vitro cell viability, proliferation, migration, tube formation, odontogenic, and neurogenic differentiation. Gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) hydrogel served as the control. Subsequently, hydrogels were injected into treated dentin matrix tubes and transplanted subcutaneously into nude mice to regenerate dental pulp tissue in vivo. The results showed that dECM hydrogels exhibited exceptional injectability and responsiveness to physiological temperature. It supported the survival, odontogenic, and neurogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells in a 3D culture setting. Moreover, it exhibited a superior ability to promote cell migration and angiogenesis compared to GelMA hydrogel in vitro. Additionally, the dECM hydrogel demonstrated the capability to regenerate pulp-like tissue with abundant blood vessels and a fully formed odontoblast-like cell layer in vivo. These findings highlight the potential of porcine dental pulp dECM hydrogel as a specialized scaffold material for dental pulp regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengmeng Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (S.Y.); (X.W.); (J.C.)
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xueting Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (S.Y.); (X.W.); (J.C.)
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiuting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (S.Y.); (X.W.); (J.C.)
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jinlong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (S.Y.); (X.W.); (J.C.)
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Weidong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (S.Y.); (X.W.); (J.C.)
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Bo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (S.Y.); (X.W.); (J.C.)
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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