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Quinche LL, Santana SE, Rico-Guevara A. Morphological specialization to nectarivory in Phyllostomus discolor (Wagner, 1843) (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae). Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2023; 306:2830-2841. [PMID: 36573585 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Dedicated nectarivory is a derived feeding habit that requires specialized cranial and soft-tissue morphologies to extract nectar from flowers. Nectarivory has evolved many times in terrestrial vertebrates, and in four bat families (Pteropodidae, Phyllostomidae, Vespertilionidae, and Mystacinidae). Within phyllostomids, specializations to nectarivory have been well documented in two subfamilies, Glossophaginae and Lonchophyllinae. However, nectarivory has also evolved independently in the genus Phyllostomus (subfamily Phyllostominae). Since Phyllostomus species have an omnivorous diet with a high consumption of nectar, they can be used to explore the basic morphological modifications linked to evolving a nectarivorous habit. Here, we focused on describing and comparing the morphological features potentially associated with nectarivory in Phyllostomus discolor. We present the first detailed tongue and palate morphological descriptions for P. discolor and perform skull morphometric analysis including 10 species. We found hair-like papillae on the tongue of P. discolor, a convergent feature with Glossophaginae and nectarivorous Pteropodids; these papillae likely confer an advantage when feeding on nectar. P. discolor does not show skull morphological features characteristic of nectarivorous bats, such as a long and narrow snout. We pose that the consumption of a variety of food, such as hard insects and fruits, and the large size of P. discolor relative to specialized nectarivores may create trade-offs against morphological specialization of the skull towards nectarivory. In contrast, a long and mobile tongue with hair-like papillae may be an evolutionary solution for nectar extraction that does not have a major impact on this species' ability to feed on other resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura L Quinche
- Departamento de Biología, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Sharlene E Santana
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Alejandro Rico-Guevara
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Anjani AK, Saragih GR, Wihadmadyatami H, Kusindarta DL. Lingual morphology of domesticated Asian small-clawed otters in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. VET MED-CZECH 2023; 68:91-105. [PMID: 37981903 PMCID: PMC10581529 DOI: 10.17221/62/2022-vetmed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to observe the lingual morphology of the domesticated Asian small-clawed otter, Aonyx cinereus (A. cinereus), from Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Six domesticated A. cinereus adults were obtained from a local otter breeder in Yogyakarta, with no regard to sex. The animals were acclimated to the laboratory for one day, following this, the animals underwent macroscopy identification and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and light microscopy (LM) analysis. Macroscopically, the tongue of domesticated A. cinereus is divided into three parts: the apex, corpus, and radix. The apex is the shortest part and can move freely. A median groove is bent along the corpus. Typically, the radix contains circumvallate papillae and the epiglottic valleculae. The SEM and LM observations revealed that the lingual morphology of A. cinereus consisted of two types of papillae: mechanical papillae (horny filiform, leaf-like filiform, bifid filiform, trifid filiform, elongated leaf-like filiform, triangular filiform and conical papillae) and gustatory papillae (fungiform and circumvallate papillae). The lingual glands consisted of Weber's glands and von Ebner's glands secreting acid and neutral mucins. Collagen fibres are found in the lamina propria and muscular layer. In conclusion, the papillae of the Asian short-clawed otter have the same structure as those of other Mustelidae family members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelina Kusuma Anjani
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Golda Rani Saragih
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Hevi Wihadmadyatami
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Dwi Liliek Kusindarta
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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Kusuma IF, Damia U, Megawati EI, Saputra F, Karnati S, Kusindarta DL, Wihadmadyatami H. Morphology of lingual papillae in the Javan mongoose (
Herpestes javanicus
) by scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy. Anat Histol Embryol 2022; 51:756-768. [DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isna Fitranuansa Kusuma
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia
| | - Ulfah Damia
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia
| | - Emilia Ika Megawati
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia
| | - Felix Chahya Eka Saputra
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia
| | - Srikanth Karnati
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology Julius Maximillian University Wurzburg Wurzburg Germany
| | - Dwi Liliek Kusindarta
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia
| | - Hevi Wihadmadyatami
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia
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Abumandour MMA, Madkour N, Morsy K, Haddad S, Abourashed NM, El Basyouny HA, Kandyel RM. Lingual papillary system of the Egyptian mouse-tailed bat (Rhinopoma hardwickii): New insights to its feeding strategies using scanning electron microscope, and immunohistochemical analysis of keratin. Microsc Res Tech 2022; 85:2192-2205. [PMID: 35141973 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The current investigation described the ultrastructural and histological features of the lingual papillary system in 14 adult Rhinopoma hardwickii using scanning electron and light microscopy, and immunohistochemical staining of keratin. Three types of lingual papillae were recognized; one filiform mechanical and two gustatory (fungiform and circumvallate) of three directions: posterior, posteromedian, and median. Five filiform papillae subtypes were observed in four regions. The lingual tip had numerous giant filiform papillae. The lingual root was divided into two regions, an anterior papillary and a posterior non-papillary region that had only three circumvallate papillae in a triangular pattern. Histologically, the papillae exhibited detached thick keratin that spread over the dorsal epithelial surface. The dorsal surface of the root had stratified keratinized circumvallate papillae. Concerning the pan-cytokeratin (CK) antibody staining, moderate CK expression was observed in the superficial corneal layer of the apical lingual mucosa. While the superficial corneal cell layer in both body and root exhibited increasing of CK antibody. Morphometrically, there was a significantly increased, region-specific number of triangular, pointed filiform papillae, which were relatively increased in length and width. However, the round conical blunt filiform papillae and fungiform papillae were sparse. We concluded that our results showed distinguished adaptations in the lingual structure and its different papillae established on the nutritional and energetic demand of this bat species. This lingual adaptation is summarized in number, position, taste buds, direction, ultrastructural features, and histological that concerned with its ability in eating during the night flight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M A Abumandour
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Naglaa Madkour
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Kareem Morsy
- Biology Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Seham Haddad
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | | | | | - Ramadan M Kandyel
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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Abbate F, Guerrera MC, Levanti M, Laurà R, Aragona M, Mhalhel K, Montalbano G, Germanà A. Anatomical, histological and immunohistochemical study of the tongue in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Anat Histol Embryol 2020; 49:848-858. [PMID: 32705711 DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792) is a fish commercially farmed all over the world. These fish are usually fed, in aquaculture, with pellets rich in proteins and fat. It is well known that there are close relationships among the adaptation of vertebrates to their environment, the capacity and the modality of feeding and the oral cavity morphology, especially the tongue one. No data are so far available about the morphology of the rainbow trout tongue, and therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate by light, scanning electron and confocal laser microscopy, the morphological characteristics of the tongue. An apex, a body and a root can be distinguished in the tongue, and the presence of teeth, taste buds and fungiform-like papillae was demonstrated. Light microscopy shows the presence of an adipose tissue pad in the deeper layer of the apex and in the most superficial layer of the root. In the deeper layer of the body, a triangular-shaped pad consisting of fusiform cells immersed in abundant extracellular matrix of the mesenchymal tissue was observed. The confocal laser microscopy shows the presence of cells with a fibroblast-like morphology positive for vimentin. In the deepest layer of the tongue root, a large area of osteo-cartilaginous tissue was observed. The results, besides the description of the morphological characteristics of the tongue, related to studies regarding the feeding, could be considered for the eventual applications of the use of mesenchymal cells, observed in adult fish, in cell therapies in different pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maria Levanti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Italy
| | - Rosaria Laurà
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Italy
| | | | - Kamel Mhalhel
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Italy
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Saragih GR, Gunawan G, Umardani Y, Karnati S, Kusindarta DL, Wihadmadyatami H. Morphological and scanning electron microscopic study of the lingual papillae in the Javan Pipistrelle (Pipistrellus javanicus). Anat Histol Embryol 2020; 49:718-727. [PMID: 32374039 DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
There are vast numbers of bats, in terms of both individuals and species, in Indonesia, although the precise species count is currently unknown. These bats demonstrate great variation in feeding patterns, with some being insectivorous, frugivorous, nectar-eating or carnivorous. One of the insectivorous bats found on Java Island, Indonesia, is the Javan pipistrelle (Pipistrellus javanicus). This paper presents a detailed morphological description of the tongue and lingual papillae of P. javanicus, using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and light microscopy (LM). Macroscopically, the elongated tongue of P. javanicus can be divided into three sections: the apex, corpus and radix. On the dorsal part of the tongue (corpus), there is a prominence called the mediodorsal lobe, the lobe begin from the end of apex. On the radix, in the medial part, we describe the presence of a sulcus medianus. The SEM and LM observations show that the apex of the tongue bears three types of papillae: crown filiform, pronged filiform and fungiform. The corpus bears conical and fungiform papillae, whereas the radix bears vallate, large filiform, small filiform and fungiform papillae. Taken together, these results contribute to research on the tongue anatomy and feeding habits of the bat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golda Rani Saragih
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Geraldus Gunawan
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Yusuf Umardani
- Integrated Laboratory for Research and Testing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Srikant Karnati
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Julius Maximilians, University Wurzburg, Wurzburg, Germany
| | - Dwi Liliek Kusindarta
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Hevi Wihadmadyatami
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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