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Senos R. Plastinate Library: A Tool to Support Veterinary Anatomy Learning. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:223. [PMID: 38254392 PMCID: PMC10812824 DOI: 10.3390/ani14020223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The shortage of both time for anatomy courses in the new veterinary medicine curriculum and instructors prepared to teach biomedical sciences has raised a crisis in anatomical education. Often, students spend time out of their classes trying to learn not only concepts but also laboratory-wise content from 2D materials such as books and videos. In addition, since the global COVID-19 pandemic lockdown, studying and habits have been reviewed, with many people adopting an at-home style. The purpose of this study was to evaluate students' acceptance of taking plastinate anatomical specimens to study at home. Thirty-three students were divided into three groups. G1 took home a set of kidneys composed of equine, bovine, and swine materials; G2 took home a pig kidney; and G3 (control) did not take any plastinate specimen home. Acceptance was assessed using an anonymous survey and interview. The method had high acceptance by the students, who believed that having the plastinate library was advantageous from different perspectives, including aiding with learning the differences between kidneys from different species, time flexibility, no commute to study after hours of laboratory classes, and time redistribution to prioritize the laboratory topics. The plastinate library has the potential to be a supportive tool for anatomy students in the contemporaneous veterinary curriculum paradigm, considering that the G1 and G2 groups used the plastinate specimens at home to complement the time they spent in the laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Senos
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, 240 Farrier Road, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA;
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, 200 Westboro Road, North Grafton, MA 01536, USA
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Chen ZF, Hsu YHE, Lee JJ, Chou CH. Are They Thinking Differently? The Perceptions and Differences in Medical Disputes between Veterinarians and Clients. Vet Sci 2023; 10:vetsci10050367. [PMID: 37235450 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10050367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Medical disputes in veterinary practices are widespread; yet, a limited amount of research has been conducted to investigate the factors contributing to medical disputes. This study examined veterinarians' and clients' perceptions regarding risk factors and possible solutions to medical disputes. A total of 245 respondents from Taiwan, including 125 veterinarians and 120 clients, completed an electronic self-administered, semi-structured questionnaire in 2022. The questionnaire covered six dimensions: medical skills, complaint management, the attitudes of stakeholders during interactions, medical expenses, clients' perspectives, and communication modes. The results highlighted significant differences in the perceptions of risk factors for inducing medical disputes and possible solutions between clients and veterinarians in veterinary practice. First, young veterinarians and clients perceived medical skills as the highest risk factor for inducing medical disputes, while experienced veterinarians disagreed (p < 0.001). In addition, veterinarians with medical dispute experience identified stakeholders' attitudes during interactions as the top contributing factor. Second, regarding possible solutions, all veterinarians preferred offering clients cost estimates and cultivating empathy and compassion towards them. On the other hand, clients underscored the importance of obtaining informed consent for treatments and expenses and suggested that veterinarians should supply comprehensive written information to facilitate this process. This study underlies the importance of understanding stakeholders' perceptions to mitigate medical disputes and advocates for improved communication education and training for young veterinarians. These findings provide valuable insights for veterinarians and clients, contributing to preventing and managing medical disputes in veterinary practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zih-Fang Chen
- Zoonoses Research Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsin Elsa Hsu
- Executive Master Program of Business Administration in Biotechnology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- School of Healthcare Administration, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Jih-Jong Lee
- Institute of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hsi Chou
- Zoonoses Research Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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Blázquez-Llorca L, Morales de Paz L, Martín-Orti R, Santos-Álvarez I, Fernández-Valle ME, Castejón D, García-Real MI, Salgüero-Fernández R, Pérez-Lloret P, Moreno N, Jiménez S, Herrero-Fernández MJ, González-Soriano J. The Application of 3D Anatomy for Teaching Veterinary Clinical Neurology. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13101601. [PMID: 37238031 DOI: 10.3390/ani13101601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroanatomy is always a challenging topic for veterinary students. It is widely accepted that understanding the anatomy of the central nervous system (CNS) is essential to explain many of the pathological processes that affect the brain. Although its study has varied over time to achieve this goal, in human and veterinary medicine it is difficult to find a teaching method that associates normal anatomy with pathological alterations of the brain. For the first time, we have created an educational tool that combines neuroanatomy and neuropathology, using different magnetic resonance (MR) images as a basis and EspINA software as analyzer, to obtain segmented structures and 3D reconstructions of the dog brain. We demonstrate that this combination is an optimal tool to help anatomists to understand the encephalon, and additionally to help clinicians to recognize illness including a multitude of neurological problems. In addition, we have tried to see whether photogrammetry, which is a common technique in other sciences, for example geology, could be useful to teach veterinary neuroanatomy. Although we still need further investigations, we have been able to generate 3D reconstructions of the whole brain, with very promising results to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Blázquez-Llorca
- Departamento de Anatomía y Embriología, Sección Departamental de Anatomía y Embriología (Veterinaria), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avenida Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lubna Morales de Paz
- Departamento de Anatomía y Embriología, Sección Departamental de Anatomía y Embriología (Veterinaria), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avenida Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosario Martín-Orti
- Departamento de Anatomía y Embriología, Sección Departamental de Anatomía y Embriología (Veterinaria), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avenida Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Santos-Álvarez
- Departamento de Anatomía y Embriología, Sección Departamental de Anatomía y Embriología (Veterinaria), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avenida Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María E Fernández-Valle
- ICTS Bioimagen Complutense, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Paseo de Juan XXIII 1, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - David Castejón
- ICTS Bioimagen Complutense, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Paseo de Juan XXIII 1, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María I García-Real
- Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avenida Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Salgüero-Fernández
- Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avenida Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Hospital Veterinario Veterios, Calle Arrastaria, 23, 28022 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Pérez-Lloret
- Departamento de Anatomía y Embriología, Sección Departamental de Anatomía y Embriología (Veterinaria), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avenida Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nerea Moreno
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avenida José Antonio Novais 12, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Jiménez
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avenida José Antonio Novais 12, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María J Herrero-Fernández
- Departamento de Mineralogía y Petrología, Facultad de Geología, Universidad Complutense, Avenida José Antonio Novais 12, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juncal González-Soriano
- Departamento de Anatomía y Embriología, Sección Departamental de Anatomía y Embriología (Veterinaria), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avenida Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Chen ZF, Hsu YHE, Lee JJ, Chou CH. Perceptions of Veterinarians and Veterinary Students on What Risk Factors Constitute Medical Disputes and Comparisons between 2014 and 2022. Vet Sci 2023; 10:vetsci10030200. [PMID: 36977239 PMCID: PMC10056102 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10030200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This study compared the risk perceptions of medical disputes among veterinarians and veterinary students in Taiwan between 2014 and 2022. Online validity-tested questionnaires were used to collect data, with 106 (73 veterinarians and 33 students) and 157 (126 veterinarians and 31 students) surveys collected in 2014 and 2022, respectively. Respondents would be asked to rate their perceptions on how likely each risk factor constitutes a medical dispute according to their past experiences on a five-point Likert scale from 1 to 5: “Very unlikely, unlikely, neutral, likely, very likely.” The results showed that overall risk perceptions increased significantly in 2022 compared to 2014, with the top risk factors being attitudes during interactions and complaint management among experienced veterinarians. In contrast, students considered medical skills and clients’ perspectives as the top two risk factors, with complaints management ranking as the least significant factor. The findings suggest that effective communication and complaint management are crucial in preventing medical disputes, highlighting the importance of developing these skills in young veterinarians and veterinary students to reduce medical disputes. The study also recommends increasing practical experiences of medical disputes and complaint management in veterinary education to bridge the gap between the perceptions of experienced veterinarians and students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zih-Fang Chen
- Zoonoses Research Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsin Elsa Hsu
- Executive Master Program of Business Administration in Biotechnology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- School of Healthcare Administration, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-H.E.H.); (C.-H.C.)
| | - Jih-Jong Lee
- Institute of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hsi Chou
- Zoonoses Research Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-H.E.H.); (C.-H.C.)
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