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Evain JN, Allain T, Dilworth K, Bertrand B, Rabattu PY, Mortamet G, Desgranges FP, Bouvet L, Payen JF. Ultrasound assessment of gastric contents in children before general anaesthesia for acute appendicitis. Anaesthesia 2022; 77:668-673. [PMID: 35319093 DOI: 10.1111/anae.15707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that a minority of adults with acute appendicitis have gastric contents, posing an increased risk of pulmonary aspiration. This study aimed to evaluate the proportion of children with acute appendicitis who have gastric contents considered to pose a higher risk of pulmonary aspiration. We analysed point-of-care gastric ultrasound data routinely collected in children before emergency appendicectomy in a specialist paediatric hospital over a 30-month period. Based on qualitative and quantitative antral assessment in the supine and right lateral decubitus positions, gastric contents were classified as 'higher-risk' (clear liquid with calculated gastric fluid volume > 0.8 ml.kg-1 , thick liquid or solid) or 'lower-risk' of pulmonary aspiration. The 115 children studied had a mean (SD) age of 11 (3) years; 37 (32%; 95%CI: 24-42%) presented with higher-risk gastric contents, including 15 (13%; 95%CI: 8-21%) with solid/thick liquid contents. Gastric contents could not be determined in 13 children as ultrasound examination was not feasible in the right lateral decubitus position. No cases of pulmonary aspiration occurred. This study shows that gastric ultrasound is feasible in children before emergency appendicectomy. This technique showed a range of gastric content measurements, which could contribute towards defining the risk of pulmonary aspiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-N Evain
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Grenoble-Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - T Allain
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Grenoble-Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - K Dilworth
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Grenoble-Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - B Bertrand
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Grenoble-Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - P-Y Rabattu
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Grenoble-Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - G Mortamet
- Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Grenoble-Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - F-P Desgranges
- Department of Anaesthesia, Villefranche-sur-Saône Hospital, Villefranche-sur-Saône, France
| | - L Bouvet
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Femme Mère Enfant Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France
| | - J-F Payen
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Grenoble-Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
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Bouvet L, Barnoud S, Desgranges F, Chassard D. Effect of body position on qualitative and quantitative ultrasound assessment of gastric fluid contents. Anaesthesia 2019; 74:862-867. [DOI: 10.1111/anae.14664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Bouvet
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Hospices Civils de Lyon Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant Lyon France
- Department of Anaesthesia University of Lyon Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Centre Léon Bérard INSERM LabTAU UMR1032 Lyon France
| | - S. Barnoud
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Hospices Civils de Lyon Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant Lyon France
| | - F.‐P. Desgranges
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Hospices Civils de Lyon Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant Lyon France
| | - D. Chassard
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Hospices Civils de Lyon Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant Lyon France
- Department of Anaesthesia University of Lyon Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Villeurbanne France
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Ohashi Y, Farzi S, Siddiqui N. The use of lumbar spine and gastric ultrasound in perioperative obstetric anesthesia. HYPERTENSION RESEARCH IN PREGNANCY 2018. [DOI: 10.14390/jsshp.hrp2018-008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yayoi Ohashi
- Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, Fiona Stanley Fremantle Hospitals Group
| | - Sahar Farzi
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto
| | - Naveed Siddiqui
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Clinician Scientist, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute
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Affiliation(s)
- S. M. Kinsella
- Department of Anaesthesia St Michael's Hospital Bristol UK
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Van de Putte P, Perlas A. The link between gastric volume and aspiration risk. In search of the Holy Grail? Anaesthesia 2017; 73:274-279. [DOI: 10.1111/anae.14164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Van de Putte
- Department of Anaesthesiology; AZ Monica, campus Deurne; Deurne Belgium
- Department of Anaesthesiology; UMC Radboud; Nijmegen the Netherlands
| | - A. Perlas
- Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Management; Toronto Western Hospital; University Health Network; University of Toronto; Toronto, ON Canada
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Arzola C, Perlas A, Siddiqui NT, Downey K, Ye XY, Carvalho JCA. Gastric ultrasound in the third trimester of pregnancy: a randomised controlled trial to develop a predictive model of volume assessment. Anaesthesia 2017; 73:295-303. [DOI: 10.1111/anae.14131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Arzola
- Department of Anesthesia, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; University of Toronto and Mount Sinai Hospital; Toronto Canada
| | - A. Perlas
- Department of Anesthesia; University of Toronto and Toronto Western Hospital-UHN; Toronto Canada
| | - N. T. Siddiqui
- Department of Anesthesia, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; University of Toronto and Mount Sinai Hospital; Toronto Canada
| | - K. Downey
- Department of Anesthesia; Maternal-Infant Care Research Center; Mount Sinai Hospital; Toronto Canada
| | - X. Y. Ye
- Maternal-Infant Care Research Center; Mount Sinai Hospital; Toronto Canada
| | - J. C. A. Carvalho
- Department of Anesthesia and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; University of Toronto and Mount Sinai Hospital; Toronto Canada
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Perlas A, Arzola C, Van de Putte P. Point-of-care gastric ultrasound and aspiration risk assessment: a narrative review. Can J Anaesth 2017; 65:437-448. [DOI: 10.1007/s12630-017-1031-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Desgranges FP, Gagey Riegel AC, Aubergy C, de Queiroz Siqueira M, Chassard D, Bouvet L. Ultrasound assessment of gastric contents in children undergoing elective ear, nose and throat surgery: a prospective cohort study. Anaesthesia 2017; 72:1351-1356. [PMID: 28805238 DOI: 10.1111/anae.14010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound examination of the gastric antrum allows reliable assessment of gastric contents and volume. Postoperative assessment of gastric contents before recovery from anaesthesia could help the physician to choose the most appropriate extubation technique after surgery in children. In this prospective observational study, we assessed whether significant changes occurred in gastric contents during the intra-operative period in children undergoing elective ear, nose and throat (ENT) surgery. Children aged between six months and 16 years were recruited consecutively. Ultrasound examination of the antrum was performed before induction of anaesthesia and at the end of surgery before tracheal extubation, and included quantitative and qualitative assessment of gastric contents. The mean (SD) gastric volume was 0.28 (0.30) ml.kg-1 before surgery and 0.27 (0.30) ml.kg-1 after surgery, p = 0.82. No solid contents were identified in the antrum, and the gastric volume was < 1.5 ml.kg-1 in all patients during both ultrasound examinations. Our results suggest that, after elective ENT surgery, children are not at risk of a full stomach before tracheal extubation, and that pulmonary aspiration of blood that may occur after elective ENT surgery is probably not related to regurgitation of ingested blood from the stomach.
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Affiliation(s)
- F-P Desgranges
- Department of Paediatric Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Femme Mère Enfant Teaching Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Lyon, France
| | - A-C Gagey Riegel
- Department of Paediatric Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Femme Mère Enfant Teaching Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Lyon, France
| | - C Aubergy
- Department of Paediatric Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Femme Mère Enfant Teaching Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Lyon, France
| | - M de Queiroz Siqueira
- Department of Paediatric Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Femme Mère Enfant Teaching Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Lyon, France
| | - D Chassard
- Department of Paediatric Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Femme Mère Enfant Teaching Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Lyon, France
| | - L Bouvet
- Department of Paediatric Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Femme Mère Enfant Teaching Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Lyon, France
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Chen C, Liu L, Wang CY, Choi SW, Yuen VM. A pilot study of ultrasound evaluation of gastric emptying in patients with end-stage renal failure: a comparison with healthy controls. Anaesthesia 2017; 72:714-718. [PMID: 28332186 DOI: 10.1111/anae.13869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
This prospective study was designed to evaluate gastric volume and content in patients with renal failure and healthy controls after an overnight fast, immediately after a light meal and at 6 h after the meal. Thirty subjects in each group were recruited. At each scanning session, gastric antral cross-sectional area was measured in the supine recumbent and right lateral decubitus positions, and a qualitative assessment of gastric contents was made using the Perlas three-point grading system. Six hours after the meal, the mean (SD) antral cross-sectional area in the supine position was 471 (195) mm2 in patients with renal failure and 319 (106) mm2 in healthy controls (p = 0.028), whereas in the right lateral position it was 756 (320) and 521 (180) mm2 , respectively (p = 0.21). In terms of the qualitative assessments of gastric contents, all subjects had an empty stomach after an overnight fast. Five patients with renal failure and no controls had Perlas grade 2 images, indicating significant gastric contents, 6 h after a meal (p = 0.026). This study supports the use of bedside gastric ultrasound as a point-of-care test for patients with known risk factors for delayed gastric emptying.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Chen
- Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - L Liu
- Department of Radiology, University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - C Y Wang
- Department of Nephrology, University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - S-W Choi
- Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - V M Yuen
- Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital, Hong Kong, China
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Lee A, Loughrey JP. The role of ultrasonography in obstetric anesthesia. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpa.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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