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Genc S, Cicek B, Yeni Y, Kuzucu M, Hacimuftuoglu A, Bolat I, Yildirim S, Zaker H, Zachariou A, Sofikitis N, Mamoulakis C, Tsatsakis A, Taghizadehghalehjoughi A. Morinda citrifolia protective effects on paclitaxel-induced testis parenchyma toxicity: an experimental study. Reprod Toxicol 2024:108611. [PMID: 38782144 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The current study aimed to investigate the sensitivity of male testis parenchyma cells to chemotherapy agents and the protective effects and mechanisms of Morinda citrifolia (Noni) administration against structural and functional changes before and after chemotherapy (Paclitaxel (PTX)). For this purpose, rats were randomly assigned into four groups (Control= G1, PTX 5mg/kg= G2; PTX + Noni 10mg/kg = G3, PTX + Noni 20mg/kg = G4). PTX was injected intraperitoneally for 4 consecutive weeks, at a dose of 5mg/kg to all groups except the control group. Then noni was administrated in 10 (G3) and 20 (G4) mg/kg groups orally (gavage) for 14 days. Biochemical analyses, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), and immunohistochemical analyses were performed. According to our results, Total Oxidative Stress (TOS) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly increased in the PTX group (P<0.01). Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) enzyme activity and Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) levels were decreased (P<0.01). The changes in the rats treated with PTX + Noni 20mg/kg were noteworthy. The increased levels of IL1-β (Interleukin 1 beta) and TNFα (tumor necrosis factor-alpha) with PTX were down-regulated after treatment with PTX + Noni 20mg/kg (P<0.01) (9% and 5% respectively). In addition, Noni restored the testicular histopathological structure by reducing caspase-3 expression and significantly (61%) suppressed oxidative DNA damage and apoptosis (by regulating the Bax (bcl-2-like protein 4)/Bcl-2 (B-cell lymphoma gene-2) ratio). In conclusion, Noni reduced cellular apoptosis and drastically changed Caspase 8 and Bax/Bcl-2 levels. Furthermore, it considerably decreases oxidative damage and can be used in testicular degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidika Genc
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University, Bilecik 11230, Turkey.
| | - Betul Cicek
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan 24100, Turkey.
| | - Yesim Yeni
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Malatya Turgut Ozal University, Malatya 44210, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Kuzucu
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biology, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan 24100, Turkey.
| | - Ahmet Hacimuftuoglu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey.
| | - Ismail Bolat
- Faculty of Veterinary, Department of Pathology, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey.
| | - Serkan Yildirim
- Faculty of Veterinary, Department of Pathology, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey.
| | - Himasadat Zaker
- Histology and Microscopic Analysis division, RASTA Specialized Research Institute (RSRI), West Azerbaijan Science and Technology Park (WASTP), Urmia, Iran.
| | - Athanasios Zachariou
- Department of Urology, Ioannina University School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece.
| | - Nikolaos Sofikitis
- Department of Urology, Ioannina University School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Charalampos Mamoulakis
- Department of Urology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, University of Crete, Medical School, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Medical School, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
| | - Ali Taghizadehghalehjoughi
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University, Bilecik 11230, Turkey.
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Ferah Okkay I, Okkay U, Cicek B, Karatas O, Yilmaz A, Yesilyurt F, Hacimuftuoglu A. Syringic acid guards against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer by alleviating inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis. Biotech Histochem 2024; 99:147-156. [PMID: 38644776 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2024.2344477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of syringic acid, an anti-oxidant, on indomethacin induced gastric ulcers in rats. Experimental groups were control, ulcer, ulcer treated with 20 mg/kg esomeprazole (a proton pump inhibitor that reduces acid secretion), and ulcer treated with 100 mg/kg syringic acid. Rats were pretreated with esomeprazole or syringic acid two weeks before ulcer induction. Our histopathological observations showed that either syringic acid or esomeprazole attenuated the severity of gastric mucosal damage. Moreover, syringic acid and esomeprazole pretreatments alleviated indomethacin-induced damage by regulating oxidative stress, inflammatory response, the level of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), expressions of COX and prostaglandin E2, cell proliferation, apoptosis and regulation of the NF-κB signaling pathway. We conclude that either esomeprazole or syringic acid administration protected the gastric mucosa from harmful effects of indomethacin. Syringic acid might, therefore be a potential therapeutic agent for preventing and treating indomethacin-induced gastric damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irmak Ferah Okkay
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ufuk Okkay
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Betul Cicek
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Ozhan Karatas
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Aysegul Yilmaz
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Fatma Yesilyurt
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Hacimuftuoglu
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Demir S, Mentese A, Usta ZT, Alemdar NT, Demir EA, Aliyazicioglu Y. Alpha-pinene neutralizes cisplatin-induced reproductive toxicity in male rats through activation of Nrf2 pathway. Int Urol Nephrol 2024; 56:527-537. [PMID: 37789204 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-023-03817-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Testicular toxicity is one of the most important side effects of cisplatin (CP) therapy. Alpha-pinene (AP) is a naturally occurring monoterpene with antioxidant character in plants. Here, we aimed to evaluate the therapeutic activity of AP against CP-induced testicular toxicity by including the nuclear factor erythroid 2-associated factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway in rats. METHODS Thirty male rats were divided into 5 groups: control, CP, CP + AP (5 and 10 mg/kg) and only AP (10 mg/kg). CP was administered intraperitoneally at a dose of 5 mg/kg on the first day, followed by three consecutive injections of AP. Serum reproductive hormone levels were evaluated using ELISA kits. Oxidative stress (OS), inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and apoptosis markers in testicular tissue were also determined colorimetrically. In addition, how CP affects Nrf2 pathway and the effect of AP on this situation were also addressed. RESULTS Treatment with CP significantly increased OS, inflammation, ERS and apoptosis in testicular tissue. Administrations of AP resulted in an amelioration of these altered parameters. The mechanism of therapeutic effect of AP appeared to involve induction of Nrf2. Furthermore, these results were also confirmed by histological data. CONCLUSION Results suggest that AP can exhibit therapeutic effects against CP-induced testicular toxicity. It can be concluded that AP may be a potential molecule to abolish reproductive toxicity after chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selim Demir
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey.
| | - Ahmet Mentese
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Turkmen Usta
- Department of Medical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Nihal Turkmen Alemdar
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, 53100, Rize, Turkey
| | - Elif Ayazoglu Demir
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technologies, Macka Vocational School, Karadeniz Technical University, 61750, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Yuksel Aliyazicioglu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey
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Toraman E, Budak B, Bayram C, Sezen S, Mokhtare B, Hacımüftüoğlu A. Role of parthenolide in paclitaxel-induced oxidative stress injury and impaired reproductive function in rat testicular tissue. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 387:110793. [PMID: 37949423 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The chemotherapeutic agent paclitaxel (PTX) causes testicular toxicity due to oxidative stress. Parthenolide (PTL), the active ingredient of the Tanacetum parthenium plant, is used to treat inflammation, dizziness, and spasms. In the present study, we evaluated the therapeutic effect of PTL on PTX-induced testicular toxicity in rats and its role in reproductive function. To this end, 6 groups were formed: control, PTX, sham, T1, T2, and T3. After testicular toxicity was induced in rats with 8 mg/kg PTX, the rats were treated with 1 mg/kg, 2 mg/kg, and 4 mg/kg PTL for 14 days. GSH and MDA levels were measured in rat testicular tissue after the last dose of PTL was administered. To determine the damage caused by PTX to testicular tissue by detecting 8-OHdG and iNOS, sections were prepared and examined histopathologically and immunohistochemically. Furthermore, the gene expressions and enzymatic activities of SOD, CAT, GPx, GST, and GR were investigated in all groups. After PTL treatment, MDA, 8-OHdG, and iNOS levels decreased while GSH levels increased in testicular tissue. Increased levels of antioxidant genes and enzymes also reduced oxidative stress. Additionally, the expression levels of the Dazl, Ddx4, and Amh genes, which are involved in gametogenesis and sperm production, decreased in case of toxicity and increased with PTL treatment. The data from this study show that PTL may have a therapeutic effect in the treatment of testicular damage by eliminating the oxidative stress-induced damage caused by PTX in testicular tissue, providing an effective approach to alleviating testicular toxicity, and playing an important role in reproduction/sperm production, especially at a dose of 4 mg/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emine Toraman
- Atatürk University, Science Faculty, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Büşra Budak
- Atatürk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Cemil Bayram
- Atatürk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Selma Sezen
- Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Ağrı, Turkey
| | - Behzad Mokhtare
- Atatürk University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Pathology, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Hacımüftüoğlu
- Atatürk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Erzurum, Turkey
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Ileriturk M, Kandemir O, Akaras N, Simsek H, Genc A, Kandemir FM. Hesperidin has a protective effect on paclitaxel-induced testicular toxicity through regulating oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Reprod Toxicol 2023; 118:108369. [PMID: 36966900 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2023.108369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Paclitaxel (PTX) is widely used to treat a number of malignancies, although it has toxic side effects. Hesperidin (HES) has a wide range of biological and pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant abilities. This research aims to investigate the role of HES in PTX-induced testicular toxicity. For 5 days, 2 mg/kg/bw i.p. of PTX was administered to induce testicular toxicity. Rats were administered oral dosages of 100 and 200 mg/kg/bw HES for 10 days after PTX injection. The mechanisms of inflammation, apoptosis, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and oxidants were investigated using biochemical, genetic, and histological techniques. As a result of PTX administration, decreased antioxidant enzyme (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase) activities and increased malondialdehyde level were regulated, and the severity of oxidative stress was reduced. NF-κB, IL-1β and TNF-α levels, which are among the increased inflammation parameters caused by PTX, decreased with HES administration. Although AKT2 gene expression decreased in PTX administered rats, it was determined that HES administration up-regulated AKT2 mRNA expression. Anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 decreased with PTX administration, and apoptotic Bax and Caspase-3 increased while HES administration reverted these effects towards control level. As a result of toxicity, the increase in ATF6, PERK, IRE1α, GRP78 levels caused prolonged ER stress, and this activity was diminished with HES and tended to regress. While all data were evaluated, Paclitaxel caused damage by increasing inflammation, apoptosis, ER stress and oxidant levels in testicular tissue, and Hesperidin showed a protective effect by correcting the deterioration in these levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Ileriturk
- Department of Animal Science, Horasan Vocational College, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Ozge Kandemir
- Aksaray Technical Sciences Vocational School, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Nurhan Akaras
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Hasan Simsek
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Aydin Genc
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bingol University, Bingol, Turkey
| | - Fatih Mehmet Kandemir
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey.
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Ferah Okkay I, Okkay U, Bayram C, Cicek B, Sezen S, Aydin IC, Mendil AS, Hacimuftuoglu A. Bromelain protects against cisplatin-induced ocular toxicity through mitigating oxidative stress and inflammation. Drug Chem Toxicol 2023; 46:69-76. [PMID: 34894956 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2021.2011308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular, biochemical, and histopathological effects of bromelain, which has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, against cisplatin-induced ocular toxicity. The groups were designed as (1) Control, (2) Cisplatin (7 mg/kg, intraperitoneally), (3) Cisplatin + Bromelain (50 mg/kg, orally for 14 consecutive days), (4) Cisplatin + Bromelain (100 mg/kg, orally for 14 consecutive days). The activity of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total oxidant status (TOS) and levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-10, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and 8-OHdG were measured in ocular tissue. The mRNA expression of NF-κB and Caspase-3 was also evaluated. Also, ocular sections were evaluated histopathologically. Bromelain demonstrated a dose-dependent protective effect in cisplatin-induced toxicity by regulating oxidative stress, inflammation, and tissue damage. Our results suggested that bromelain may be a potential adjuvant that can protect the eye from cisplatin-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irmak Ferah Okkay
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ufuk Okkay
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Cemil Bayram
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Betul Cicek
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Selma Sezen
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ismail Cagri Aydin
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Ali Sefa Mendil
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Hacimuftuoglu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Delayed Consequences of the Toxic Effect of Paclitaxel on the Testes of Prepubertal Rats and Their Correction with p-Tyrosol. Bull Exp Biol Med 2022; 173:341-345. [DOI: 10.1007/s10517-022-05546-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Alturki HA, Elsawy HA, Famurewa AC. Silymarin abrogates acrylamide-induced oxidative stress-mediated testicular toxicity via modulation of antioxidant mechanism, DNA damage, endocrine deficit and sperm quality in rats. Andrologia 2022; 54:e14491. [PMID: 35753048 DOI: 10.1111/and.14491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Acrylamide (ACR) is a toxic chemical formed in foods processed at high temperature; it is a food-borne toxicant with increasing public health attention due to its carcinogenic, neurotoxic and reproductive toxicities. However, till date, it is unknown whether silymarin (SIL) could attenuate ACR testicular toxicity. Therefore, the present study investigated the effect of SIL on ACR testiculotoxicity in rats. Rats were randomly divided and administered respective agents in Control group, ACR group, SIL group and ACR + SIL group for consecutive 14 days. Rat exposure to ACR resulted in significant reduction in the level of serum testosterone, whereas FSH and LH levels prominently increased compared to control. Acrylamide induced marked decreases in sperm count and sperm motility followed by a considerable increase in sperm abnormality percentage in the ACR-exposed rats in comparison to control. The testicular activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were significantly diminished, whereas malondialdehyde (MDA) level considerably increased. Additionally, ACR induced marked DNA fragmentation and histopathological lesions compared to control. Interestingly, the co-treatment of SIL with ACR attenuated the altered reproductive indices and restored antioxidant balance and DNA integrity. Overall, SIL prevents ACR-induced testicular reproductive deficits via modulation of antioxidant mechanism in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hissah Ahmed Alturki
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hany Amin Elsawy
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Ademola Clement Famurewa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ikwo, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
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Okkay U, Ferah Okkay I, Cicek B, Aydin IC, Ozkaraca M. Hepatoprotective and neuroprotective effect of taxifolin on hepatic encephalopathy in rats. Metab Brain Dis 2022; 37:1541-1556. [PMID: 35298730 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-00952-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This study was planned to assess the potential protective effects of taxifolin against thioacetamide-induced hepatic encephalopathy and subsequently to portray its behavioural results. The experimental model was induced with three doses of (200 mg/kg i.p.) thioacetamide and taxifolin (50 and 100 mg/kg, p.o.) was administered for fourteen days. Taxifolin effectively attenuated hepatic encephalopathy through decrease in AST, ALT, ALP and LDH concentrations and improvement of hyperammonemia, and increase in antioxidant capacity by decreasing MDA, ROS, and increasing CAT and GSH. In addition, the expressions of NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β, caspase-3 and Bax was down-regulated while IL-10 and Bcl-2 expressions were up-regulated with taxifolin treatment. The recovery was confirmed by downregulation of iNOS and 8-OHdG expressions in our immunohistochemical analysis. Taxifolin treatment reduced the disrupting role of thioacetamide as seen by corrected hyperammonemia as well as preservation of astrocyte and hepatocyte structure. Elevated plus maze and locomotor activity tests also proved that taxifolin might repeal the neurobehavioral disabilities. In conclusion, taxifolin has shown hepatoprotective and neuroprotective roles with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, as well as suppressing the excessive release of ammonia, and it eventually reversed neurobehavioral impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ufuk Okkay
- Medical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, 25100, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Irmak Ferah Okkay
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Betul Cicek
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Ismail Cagri Aydin
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Ozkaraca
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
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Ferah Okkay I, Okkay U, Aydin IC, Bayram C, Ertugrul MS, Mendil AS, Hacimuftuoglu A. Centella asiatica extract protects against cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity via targeting oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:33774-33784. [PMID: 35029831 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18626-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the protective effects of Centella asiatica (CA) on cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity and to clarify the underlying mechanism by biochemical, molecular, immunohistochemical, and histopathological analyses. Rats were pre-treated with two doses of CA (100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o.) for 14 consecutive days. Then, on the 15th day, hepatotoxicity was induced by a single cisplatin injection (10 mg/kg i.p.). On the 18th day, the rats were euthanized. CA effectively alleviated cisplatin-induced hepatic injury via reduction in AST, ALT, and ALP enzymes and a decrease in oxidative stress (decreased MDA and ROS, and increased SOD, CAT, and GSH). CA also mitigated the inflammatory damage by the inhibition of TNF-α, IL-1β, and NF-κB. The liver expression of caspase-3 and Bax was downregulated, while Bcl-2 was upregulated. Moreover, immunohistochemical results confirmed the recovery with CA by downregulation of iNOS and 8-OHdG expression. These results showed that with its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic activities, CA could help alleviate the hepatotoxic effects of cisplatin chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irmak Ferah Okkay
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, 25100, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Ufuk Okkay
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ismail Cagri Aydin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Cemil Bayram
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Sait Ertugrul
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ali Sefa Mendil
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Hacimuftuoglu
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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11
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Investigation of the effect of yarrow ( Achillea millefolium) on Ehrlich ascites tumor. POSTEP HIG MED DOSW 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/ahem-2022-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
One of the most important health problems today is cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro effect of yarrow (Y) with known anticarcinogenic effect on Ehrlich ascites tumor (EAT).
Materials and Methods
The above-ground part (300 g) of Y was macerated with water and extracted three times for 24 hours at 37°C in a shaking water bath. In the study, EAT cells were divided into control, DMSO group 5-FU, 50, 100, 200, 400 and 800 μg/ml YP groups.
Results
At the end of the hour, it was observed that total apoptosis increased significantly in Y groups (especially 50 μg/ml) compared to the control group (p<0.05). It was observed that Y slowed the division of EAT cells (especially 800 μg/ml) by stopping the cell cycle at the G0/G1 stage. It was concluded that Y (especially at high doses) triggered apoptosis by significantly increasing the percentage of total depolarized cells (p<0.001) in all three time periods.
Conclusions
The results obtained showed that Y extract may have an antitumoral effect on EAT cells. It is thought that this study will contribute to studies on cancer treatment.
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Ferah Okkay I, Okkay U, Gundogdu OL, Bayram C, Mendil AS, Ertugrul MS, Hacimuftuoglu A. Syringic acid protects against thioacetamide-induced hepatic encephalopathy: Behavioral, biochemical, and molecular evidence. Neurosci Lett 2021; 769:136385. [PMID: 34871743 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.136385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to elucidate the effects of syringic acid on thioacetamide-induced hepatic encephalopathy which is a complex serious syndrome with neuropsychiatric abnormalities related to acute liver dysfunctions like cirrhosis. Rats were treated with syringic acid (50 and 100 mg/kg, p.o.) for 14 days in treatment groups. Hepatic encephalopathy was induced by three doses of (200 mg/kg i.p.) thioacetamide injection. Syringic acid effectively alleviated thioacetamide-induced hepatic injury via reduction in ammonia, AST, ALT, ALP, LDH and decrease in oxidative stress (decreased MDA, ROS and increased SOD and GSH). Syringic acid also attenuated inflammatory injury by suppressing TNF-α, IL-1β, and NF-κB and increasing IL-10. The caspase-3 expression was also down-regulated in both liver and brain tissues. Immunohistochemical results confirmed the recovery with syringic acid by downregulation of iNOS, 8-OHdG and GFAP expression. Syringic acid decreased the deteriorating effects of thioacetamide as seen by reduced ammonia concentration and also preserved astrocyte and hepatocyte structure. The behavioral test results from elevated plus maze test, similar to the open-field locomotor test results, confirmed that syringic acid can reverse behavioral impairments. In conclusion, syringic acid exerted hepatoprotective and neuroprotective effects against hepatic encephalopathy by mitigating hepatotoxicity biomarkers, exerting antioxidant, anti-inflammatory effects in addition to suppressing hyperammonemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irmak Ferah Okkay
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Turkey.
| | - Ufuk Okkay
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Turkey
| | - Omer Lutfi Gundogdu
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Turkey
| | - Cemil Bayram
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Turkey
| | - Ali Sefa Mendil
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | | | - Ahmet Hacimuftuoglu
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Turkey
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Neuroprotective effect of bromelain in 6-hydroxydopamine induced in vitro model of Parkinson's disease. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:7711-7717. [PMID: 34643923 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06779-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was designed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of bromelain, which is known to have anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, against the neurotoxicity (induced by 6-OHDA) in SH-SY5Y cells. METHODS AND RESULTS To establish Parkinson's Disease (PD) model in cell culture conditions, SH-SY5Y cells were exposed to 200 µM 6-OHDA for 1 day. Prior to 6-OHDA treatment, SH-SY5Y cells had been pre-treated with bromelain (25 µg/mL, 50 µg/mL, 75 µg/mL and 100 µg/mL). After 1 day, cell viability was determined with the 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide (MTT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays. Oxidative stress was assessed with total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS), glutathione reductase (GR) and malondialdehyde (MDA) analyses. The effect of the bromelain in SH-SY5Ycells was also examined by 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining. We found that 6-OHDA increased LDH leakage, and cellular apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells. 6-OHDA aggravated oxidative stress by increasing TOS, MDA and GR and eventually promoted apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells, while pretreatment with bromelain attenuated these toxic effects of 6-OHDA. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicated that bromelain, with its neuroprotective features can be useful for neuroprotection in PD.
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