3
|
Altmann A, Ryten M, Di Nunzio M, Ravizza T, Tolomeo D, Reynolds RH, Somani A, Bacigaluppi M, Iori V, Micotti E, Di Sapia R, Cerovic M, Palma E, Ruffolo G, Botía JA, Absil J, Alhusaini S, Alvim MKM, Auvinen P, Bargallo N, Bartolini E, Bender B, Bergo FPG, Bernardes T, Bernasconi A, Bernasconi N, Bernhardt BC, Blackmon K, Braga B, Caligiuri ME, Calvo A, Carlson C, Carr SJ, Cavalleri GL, Cendes F, Chen J, Chen S, Cherubini A, Concha L, David P, Delanty N, Depondt C, Devinsky O, Doherty CP, Domin M, Focke NK, Foley S, Franca W, Gambardella A, Guerrini R, Hamandi K, Hibar DP, Isaev D, Jackson GD, Jahanshad N, Kalviainen R, Keller SS, Kochunov P, Kotikalapudi R, Kowalczyk MA, Kuzniecky R, Kwan P, Labate A, Langner S, Lenge M, Liu M, Martin P, Mascalchi M, Meletti S, Morita-Sherman ME, O’Brien TJ, Pariente JC, Richardson MP, Rodriguez-Cruces R, Rummel C, Saavalainen T, Semmelroch MK, Severino M, Striano P, Thesen T, Thomas RH, Tondelli M, Tortora D, Vaudano AE, Vivash L, von Podewils F, Wagner J, Weber B, Wiest R, Yasuda CL, Zhang G, Zhang J, Leu C, Avbersek A, Thom M, Whelan CD, Thompson P, McDonald CR, Vezzani A, Sisodiya SM. A systems-level analysis highlights microglial activation as a modifying factor in common epilepsies. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2022; 48:e12758. [PMID: 34388852 PMCID: PMC8983060 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The causes of distinct patterns of reduced cortical thickness in the common human epilepsies, detectable on neuroimaging and with important clinical consequences, are unknown. We investigated the underlying mechanisms of cortical thinning using a systems-level analysis. METHODS Imaging-based cortical structural maps from a large-scale epilepsy neuroimaging study were overlaid with highly spatially resolved human brain gene expression data from the Allen Human Brain Atlas. Cell-type deconvolution, differential expression analysis and cell-type enrichment analyses were used to identify differences in cell-type distribution. These differences were followed up in post-mortem brain tissue from humans with epilepsy using Iba1 immunolabelling. Furthermore, to investigate a causal effect in cortical thinning, cell-type-specific depletion was used in a murine model of acquired epilepsy. RESULTS We identified elevated fractions of microglia and endothelial cells in regions of reduced cortical thickness. Differentially expressed genes showed enrichment for microglial markers and, in particular, activated microglial states. Analysis of post-mortem brain tissue from humans with epilepsy confirmed excess activated microglia. In the murine model, transient depletion of activated microglia during the early phase of the disease development prevented cortical thinning and neuronal cell loss in the temporal cortex. Although the development of chronic seizures was unaffected, the epileptic mice with early depletion of activated microglia did not develop deficits in a non-spatial memory test seen in epileptic mice not depleted of microglia. CONCLUSIONS These convergent data strongly implicate activated microglia in cortical thinning, representing a new dimension for concern and disease modification in the epilepsies, potentially distinct from seizure control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andre Altmann
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London, UK
| | - Mina Ryten
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Martina Di Nunzio
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Teresa Ravizza
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Daniele Tolomeo
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Regina H Reynolds
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Alyma Somani
- Division of Neuropathology, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Marco Bacigaluppi
- Department of Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute and Vita Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Iori
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Edoardo Micotti
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Rossella Di Sapia
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Milica Cerovic
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Eleonora Palma
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome, Sapienza
| | - Gabriele Ruffolo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome, Sapienza
| | - Juan A. Botía
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK.,Departamento de Ingeniería de la Información y las Comunicaciones. Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Julie Absil
- Department of Radiology, Hôpital Erasme, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels 1070, Belgium
| | - Saud Alhusaini
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Pia Auvinen
- Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, Kuopio University, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Nuria Bargallo
- Magnetic Resonance Image Core Facility, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain.,Centre de Diagnostic Per la Imatge (CDIC), Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emanuele Bartolini
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Children’s Hospital A. Meyer-University of Florence, Italy.,IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy
| | - Benjamin Bender
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Tauana Bernardes
- Department of Neurology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Andrea Bernasconi
- Neuroimaging of Epilepsy Laboratory, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Neda Bernasconi
- Neuroimaging of Epilepsy Laboratory, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Boris C. Bernhardt
- Neuroimaging of Epilepsy Laboratory, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Multimodal Imaging and Connectome Analysis Lab, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Karen Blackmon
- Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA.,Department of Physiology, Neuroscience and Behavioral Science, St. George’s University, Grenada, West Indies
| | - Barbara Braga
- Department of Neurology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Maria Eugenia Caligiuri
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology of the National Research Council (IBFM-CNR), Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Anna Calvo
- Magnetic Resonance Image Core Facility, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Chad Carlson
- Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA.,Medical College of Wisconsin, Department of Neurology, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Sarah J. Carr
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, UK
| | - Gianpiero L. Cavalleri
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.,FutureNeuro Research Centre, RCSI, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fernando Cendes
- Department of Neurology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, USA
| | - Shuai Chen
- Cognitive Science Department, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of the Brain-like Intelligent Systems, China
| | - Andrea Cherubini
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology of the National Research Council (IBFM-CNR), Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Luis Concha
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Querétaro, Querétaro, México
| | - Philippe David
- Department of Radiology, Hôpital Erasme, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels 1070, Belgium
| | - Norman Delanty
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.,FutureNeuro Research Centre, RCSI, Dublin, Ireland.,Division of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Chantal Depondt
- Department of Neurology, Hôpital Erasme, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels 1070, Belgium
| | - Orrin Devinsky
- Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Colin P. Doherty
- FutureNeuro Research Centre, RCSI, Dublin, Ireland.,Neurology Department, St. James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Martin Domin
- Functional Imaging Unit, Institute of Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Niels K. Focke
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University Medicine Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sonya Foley
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre, School of Psychology, Wales, UK
| | - Wendy Franca
- Department of Neurology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Antonio Gambardella
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology of the National Research Council (IBFM-CNR), Catanzaro, Italy.,Institute of Neurology, University ‚ “Magna Græcia”, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Renzo Guerrini
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Children’s Hospital A. Meyer-University of Florence, Italy.,IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy
| | - Khalid Hamandi
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Hadyn Ellis Building, Maindy Road, Cardiff, UK.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Derrek P. Hibar
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Dmitry Isaev
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Graeme D. Jackson
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Austin Campus, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Neda Jahanshad
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Reetta Kalviainen
- Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, Kuopio University, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Simon S. Keller
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Peter Kochunov
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Maryland, USA
| | - Raviteja Kotikalapudi
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Magdalena A. Kowalczyk
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Austin Campus, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ruben Kuzniecky
- Department of Neurology, Zucker Hofstra School of Medicine, New York, NY 10075, USA
| | - Patrick Kwan
- Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, 3050, Australia
| | - Angelo Labate
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology of the National Research Council (IBFM-CNR), Catanzaro, Italy.,Institute of Neurology, University ‚ “Magna Græcia”, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Soenke Langner
- Functional Imaging Unit, Institute of Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Matteo Lenge
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Children’s Hospital A. Meyer-University of Florence, Italy
| | - Min Liu
- Neuroimaging of Epilepsy Laboratory, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Pascal Martin
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Mario Mascalchi
- Neuroradiology Unit, Children’s Hospital A. Meyer, Florence, Italy.,“Mario Serio” Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Stefano Meletti
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Science, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, NOCSE Hospital, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Terence J. O’Brien
- Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, 3050, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Jose C. Pariente
- Magnetic Resonance Image Core Facility, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mark P. Richardson
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, UK.,Department of Neurology, King’s College Hospital, London, UK
| | - Raul Rodriguez-Cruces
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Querétaro, Querétaro, México
| | - Christian Rummel
- Support Center for Advanced Neuroimaging (SCAN), University Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Taavi Saavalainen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Central Finland Central Hospital, Medical Imaging Unit, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Mira K. Semmelroch
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Austin Campus, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Mariasavina Severino
- Neuroradiology Unit, Department of Head and Neck and Neurosciences, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Pasquale Striano
- Pediatric Neurology and Muscular Diseases Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Thomas Thesen
- Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA.,Department of Physiology, Neuroscience and Behavioral Science, St. George’s University, Grenada, West Indies
| | - Rhys H. Thomas
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Hadyn Ellis Building, Maindy Road, Cardiff, UK.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Manuela Tondelli
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Science, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, NOCSE Hospital, Modena, Italy
| | - Domenico Tortora
- Neuroradiology Unit, Department of Head and Neck and Neurosciences, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Anna Elisabetta Vaudano
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Science, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, NOCSE Hospital, Modena, Italy
| | - Lucy Vivash
- Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, 3050, Australia.,Melbourne Brain Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Felix von Podewils
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Jan Wagner
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulm and Universitäts- and Rehabilitationskliniken Ulm, Germany
| | - Bernd Weber
- Department of Epileptology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Neurocognition / Imaging, Life & Brain Research Centre, Bonn, Germany
| | - Roland Wiest
- Support Center for Advanced Neuroimaging (SCAN), University Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Guohao Zhang
- Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, USA
| | - Junsong Zhang
- Cognitive Science Department, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of the Brain-like Intelligent Systems, China
| | | | - Costin Leu
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Andreja Avbersek
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | | | - Maria Thom
- Division of Neuropathology, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Christopher D Whelan
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.,Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Paul Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Carrie R McDonald
- Multimodal Imaging Laboratory, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Annamaria Vezzani
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano, Italy.,To whom correspondence may be addressed
| | - Sanjay M Sisodiya
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK.,Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, Bucks, UK.,To whom correspondence may be addressed
| |
Collapse
|