1
|
Tran KN, Kwon JH, Kim MK, Nguyen NPK, Yang IJ. Intranasal delivery of herbal medicine for disease treatment: A systematic review. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 127:155484. [PMID: 38442431 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intranasal administration has been adopted in traditional medicine to facilitate access to the bloodstream and central nervous system (CNS). In modern medicine, nasal drug delivery systems are valuable for disease treatment because of their noninvasiveness, good absorption, and fast-acting effects. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to systematically organize preclinical and clinical studies on intranasal herbal medicines to highlight their potential in drug development. METHODS A comprehensive search for literature until February 2023 was conducted on PubMed and the Web of Science. From the selected publications, we extracted key information, including the types of herbal materials, target diseases, intranasal conditions, methods of toxicity evaluation, main outcomes, and mechanisms of action, and performed quality assessments for each study. RESULTS Of the 45 studies, 13 were clinical and 32 were preclinical; 28 studies used herbal extracts, 9 used prescriptions, and 8 used natural compounds. The target diseases were rhinosinusitis, influenza, fever, stroke, migraine, insomnia, depression, memory disorders, and lung cancer. The common intranasal volumes were 8-50 µl in mice, 20-100 µl in rats, and 100-500 µl in rabbits. Peppermint oil, Ribes nigrum folium, Melia azedarach L., Elaeocarpus sylvestris, Radix Bupleuri, Da Chuan Xiong Fang, Xingnaojing microemulsion, and Ginsenoside Rb1 emerged as potential candidates for rapid intranasal therapy. The in vivo toxicity assessments were based on mortality, body weight, behavioral changes, mucociliary activity, histopathology, and blood tests. Most intranasal treatments were safe, except for Cyclamen europaeum, Jasminum sambac, Punica granatum L., and violet oil, which caused mild adverse effects. At lower doses, intranasal herbal treatments often show greater effects than oral administration. The actions of intranasal herbal medicine mainly involve regulating inflammation and neurotransmission, with the olfactory bulb and anterior cingulate cortex to be relevant brain regions. CONCLUSION Intranasal delivery of herbal materials holds promise for enhancing drug delivery efficacy and reducing treatment duration, offering a potential future perspective for developing intranasal therapies for various diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khoa Nguyen Tran
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Kwon
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Kyung Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Nhi Phuc Khanh Nguyen
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Jun Yang
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yue Y, Zhang Q, Sun Z. CX3CR1 Acts as a Protective Biomarker in the Tumor Microenvironment of Colorectal Cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 12:758040. [PMID: 35140706 PMCID: PMC8818863 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.758040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of many cancers. We aimed to screen the TME-related hub genes of colorectal adenoma (CRAD) and identify possible prognostic biomarkers. The gene expression profiles and clinical data of 464 CRAD patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were downloaded. The Estimation of STromal and Immune cells in MAlignant Tumours using Expression data (ESTIMATE) algorithm was performed to calculate the ImmuneScore, StromalScore, and EstimateScore. Thereafter, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened. Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway, and protein–protein interaction (PPI) analysis were performed to explore the roles of DEGs. Furthermore, univariate and multivariate Cox analyses were accomplished to identify independent prognostic factors of CRAD. CX3CR1 was selected as a hub gene, and the expression was confirmed in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and cell lines. The correlations between CX3CR1 and tumor-infiltrating immune cells were estimated by Tumor IMmune Estimation Resource database (TIMER) and CIBERSORT analysis. Besides, we investigated the effects of coculture with THP-1-derived macrophages with HCT8 cells with low CX3CR1 expression on immune marker expression, cell viability, and migration. There were significant differences in the ImmuneScore and EstimateScore among different stages. Patients with low scores presented significantly lower lifetimes than those in the high-score group. Moreover, we recognized 1,578 intersection genes in ImmuneScore and StromalScore, and these genes were mainly enriched in numerous immune-related biological processes. CX3CR1 was found to be associated with immune cell infiltration levels, immune marker expression, and macrophage polarization. Simultaneous silencing of CX3CR1 and coculture with THP-1 cells further regulated macrophage polarization and promoted the cell proliferation and migration of CRC cells. CX3CR1 was decreased in CRAD tissues and cell lines and was related to T and N stages, tumor differentiation, and prognosis. Our results suggest that CX3CR1 contributes to the recruitment and regulation of immune-infiltrating cells and macrophage polarization in CRC and TAM-induced CRC progression. CX3CR1 may act as a prognostic biomarker in CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyi Yue
- Department of Gastroenterology Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhengrong Sun
- BioBank, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Zhengrong Sun,
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Berteotti C, Lo Martire V, Alvente S, Bastianini S, Bombardi C, Matteoli G, Ohtsu H, Lin JS, Silvani A, Zoccoli G. Orexin/Hypocretin and Histamine Cross-Talk on Hypothalamic Neuron Counts in Mice. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:660518. [PMID: 34093114 PMCID: PMC8173058 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.660518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The loss of hypothalamic neurons that produce wake-promoting orexin (hypocretin) neuropeptides is responsible for narcolepsy type 1 (NT1). While the number of histamine neurons is increased in patients with NT1, results on orexin-deficient mouse models of NT1 are inconsistent. On the other hand, the effect of histamine deficiency on orexin neuron number has never been tested on mammals, even though histamine has been reported to be essential for the development of a functional orexin system in zebrafish. The aim of this study was to test whether histamine neurons are increased in number in orexin-deficient mice and whether orexin neurons are decreased in number in histamine-deficient mice. The hypothalamic neurons expressing L-histidine decarboxylase (HDC), the histamine synthesis enzyme, and those expressing orexin A were counted in four orexin knock-out mice, four histamine-deficient HDC knock-out mice, and four wild-type C57BL/6J mice. The number of HDC-positive neurons was significantly higher in orexin knock-out than in wild-type mice (2,502 ± 77 vs. 1,800 ± 213, respectively, one-tailed t-test, P = 0.011). Conversely, the number of orexin neurons was not significantly lower in HDC knock-out than in wild-type mice (2,306 ± 56 vs. 2,320 ± 120, respectively, one-tailed t-test, P = 0.459). These data support the view that orexin peptide deficiency is sufficient to increase histamine neuron number, supporting the involvement of the histamine waking system in the pathophysiology of NT1. Conversely, these data do not support a significant role of histamine in orexin neuron development in mammals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Berteotti
- PRISM Lab, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Center for Applied Biomedical Research, S. Orsola University Hospital, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Viviana Lo Martire
- PRISM Lab, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Center for Applied Biomedical Research, S. Orsola University Hospital, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sara Alvente
- PRISM Lab, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Center for Applied Biomedical Research, S. Orsola University Hospital, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Bastianini
- PRISM Lab, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Center for Applied Biomedical Research, S. Orsola University Hospital, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristiano Bombardi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gabriele Matteoli
- PRISM Lab, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Center for Applied Biomedical Research, S. Orsola University Hospital, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Jian-Sheng Lin
- Physiologie Intégrée du Système d'éveil, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM U1028-CNRS UMR, Bron, France
| | - Alessandro Silvani
- PRISM Lab, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Center for Applied Biomedical Research, S. Orsola University Hospital, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanna Zoccoli
- PRISM Lab, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Center for Applied Biomedical Research, S. Orsola University Hospital, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Shimada M, Miyagawa T, Kodama T, Toyoda H, Tokunaga K, Honda M. Metabolome analysis using cerebrospinal fluid from narcolepsy type 1 patients. Sleep 2021; 43:5837570. [PMID: 32412602 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) is a hypersomnia characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness and cataplexy. Inappropriate regulation of fatty acid metabolism has been suggested to be involved in the pathophysiology of NT1, but the detailed mechanisms remain uncertain. Here we performed a metabolomic analysis of cerebrospinal fluid samples from 14 NT1 and 17 control subjects using a novel capillary electrophoresis coupled with Fourier transform mass spectrometry. A total of 268 metabolites were identified and the amount of histidine was the most significantly increased in NT1 patients (p = 4.0 × 10-4). Validation analysis using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) including independent replication samples also identified the association of histidine (p = 2.02 × 10-3). Further, levels of histamine, which is synthesized from histidine, were also examined using HPLC and were found to be significantly decreased in NT1 patients (p = 6.12 × 10-4). Pathway analysis with nominally significant metabolites identified several pathways related to the metabolism of glycogenic amino acids, suggesting that glycogenesis is enhanced in NT1 as a compensatory mechanism for fatty acid metabolism. We performed further exploratory analysis, searching for metabolites associated with sleep variables from polysomnography and the multiple sleep latency test. As a result, 5'-deoxy-5'-methylthioadenosine showed a significant association with apnea-hypopnea index (p = 2.66 ×10-6). Moreover, gamma aminobutyric acid displayed a negative correlation with rapid eye movement sleep latency (REML), and thus might represent an intriguing target for future studies to elucidate how the controlling circuit of REM sleep is associated with abnormally short REML in NT1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mihoko Shimada
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taku Miyagawa
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tohru Kodama
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiromi Toyoda
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsushi Tokunaga
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Genome Medical Science Project (Toyama), National Center for Global Health and Medicine (NCGM), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Honda
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan.,Seiwa Hospital, Institute of Neuropsychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Neurotrophins Time Point Intervention after Traumatic Brain Injury: From Zebrafish to Human. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041585. [PMID: 33557335 PMCID: PMC7915547 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains the leading cause of long-term disability, which annually involves millions of individuals. Several studies on mammals reported that neurotrophins could play a significant role in both protection and recovery of function following neurodegenerative diseases such as stroke and TBI. This protective role of neurotrophins after an event of TBI has also been reported in the zebrafish model. Nevertheless, reparative mechanisms in mammalian brain are limited, and newly formed neurons do not survive for a long time. In contrast, the brain of adult fish has high regenerative properties after brain injury. The evident differences in regenerative properties between mammalian and fish brain have been ascribed to remarkable different adult neurogenesis processes. However, it is not clear if the specific role and time point contribution of each neurotrophin and receptor after TBI is conserved during vertebrate evolution. Therefore, in this review, I reported the specific role and time point of intervention for each neurotrophic factor and receptor after an event of TBI in zebrafish and mammals.
Collapse
|
6
|
Guevarra JT, Hiensch R, Varga AW, Rapoport DM. Pitolisant to Treat Excessive Daytime Sleepiness and Cataplexy in Adults with Narcolepsy: Rationale and Clinical Utility. Nat Sci Sleep 2020; 12:709-719. [PMID: 33117007 PMCID: PMC7567539 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s264140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Narcolepsy is a sleep disorder marked by chronic, debilitating excessive daytime sleepiness and can be associated with cataplexy, sleep paralysis and sleep-related hallucinations. Pharmacological therapy for narcolepsy primarily aims to increase wakefulness and reduce cataplexy attacks. Pitolisant is a first-in-class agent utilizing histamine to improve wakefulness by acting as an antagonist/inverse agonist of the presynaptic histamine 3 receptor. This review summarizes the clinical efficacy, safety and tolerability of pitolisant in treating the symptoms of narcolepsy. Randomized and observational studies demonstrate pitolisant to be effective in treating both hypersomnolence and cataplexy while generally being well tolerated at prescribed doses. The most common adverse reactions include headache, insomnia and nausea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jay T Guevarra
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Mount Sinai Integrative Sleep Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY10029, USA
| | - Robert Hiensch
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Mount Sinai Integrative Sleep Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY10029, USA
| | - Andrew W Varga
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Mount Sinai Integrative Sleep Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY10029, USA
| | - David M Rapoport
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Mount Sinai Integrative Sleep Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY10029, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Stein T, Tonussi CR. Involvement of the tuberomammillary nucleus of the hypothalamus in the modulation of nociception and joint edema in a model of monoarthritis. Life Sci 2020; 262:118521. [PMID: 33022280 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Investigate the involvement of the histaminergic projections from tuberomammillary nucleus (TMN) to the spinal cord in the modulation of nociception and peripheral edema in a model of monoarthritis. MAIN METHODS Subacute monoarthritis was induced by an intraarticular injection of carrageenan followed by LPS 72 h later. Disability and joint edema were assessed at the 3rd hour after LPS and at every hour up to 6 h. KEY FINDINGS Intrathecal administration of histamine potentiated joint incapacitation and edema, while the H1R antagonist cetirizine decreased both. The H3R agonist immepip decreased both incapacitation and edema, while the H3R antagonist thioperamide had the opposite effect. The microinjection of glutamate into the ventral TMN (vTMN) caused an increase of incapacitation and articular edema, whereas the blockade of this nucleus by cobalt chloride inhibited both parameters. Intrathecal administration of cetirizine prevented the increase of incapacitation and joint edema caused by glutamate microinjection into the vTMN. Similarly, an intrathecal injection of the NKCC1 cotransporter inhibitor bumetanide prevented the effects of glutamate microinjection into the vTMN, whereas coadministration of histamine with bumetanide only inhibited the potentiation of joint edema. A microinjection of orexin B into the vTMN potentiated incapacitation and joint edema, while coadministration of the OX1/2 receptor antagonist almorexant with orexin B did not. SIGNIFICANCE These data support the notion that TMN participates in the modulation of a peripheral inflammatory process by means of histaminergic projections to the spinal cord, and the hypothalamus may trigger TMN activation by means of glutamate and orexin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Stein
- Program in Biosciences and Health, State University of Western Paraná, Cascavel, PR 85819-110, Brazil
| | - C R Tonussi
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Barrios JP, Wang WC, England R, Reifenberg E, Douglass AD. Hypothalamic Dopamine Neurons Control Sensorimotor Behavior by Modulating Brainstem Premotor Nuclei in Zebrafish. Curr Biol 2020; 30:4606-4618.e4. [PMID: 33007241 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Dopamine (DA)-producing neurons are critically involved in the production of motor behaviors in multiple circuits that are conserved from basal vertebrates to mammals. Although there is increasing evidence that DA neurons in the hypothalamus play a locomotor role, their precise contributions to behavior and the circuit mechanisms by which they are achieved remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that tyrosine-hydroxylase-2-expressing (th2+) DA neurons in the zebrafish hypothalamus fire phasic bursts of activity to acutely promote swimming and modulate audiomotor behaviors on fast timescales. Their anatomy and physiology reveal two distinct functional DA modules within the hypothalamus. The first comprises an interconnected set of cerebrospinal-fluid-contacting DA nuclei surrounding the 3rd ventricle, which lack distal projections outside of the hypothalamus and influence locomotion through unknown means. The second includes neurons in the preoptic nucleus, which send long-range projections to targets throughout the brain, including the mid- and hindbrain, where they activate premotor circuits involved in swimming and sensorimotor integration. These data suggest a broad regulation of motor behavior by DA neurons within multiple hypothalamic nuclei and elucidate a novel functional mechanism for the preoptic DA neurons in the initiation of movement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua P Barrios
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Wei-Chun Wang
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Roman England
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Erica Reifenberg
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Adam D Douglass
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tiligada E, Ennis M. Histamine pharmacology: from Sir Henry Dale to the 21st century. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 177:469-489. [PMID: 30341770 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Histamine has been one of the most studied substances in medicine, playing a major role in diverse (patho)physiological processes. It elicits its multifaceted modulatory functions by activating four types of GPCRs, designated as H1-4 . Despite the heterogeneity and the complexity of histamine receptor pharmacology, many discoveries over the past 100 years resulted in the development of H1 antihistamines and H2 -targeting 'blockbuster' therapeutics for the management of allergies and gastrointestinal disorders respectively. Recently, a first-in-class H3 inverse agonist was approved for the treatment of narcolepsy, whereas H4 antagonists are under clinical evaluation for their potential therapeutic exploitation in immune-related diseases. This review critically presents the past successes and drawbacks in histamine research, complemented by the modern conceptual innovations in molecular and receptor pharmacology. It targets both young and experienced researchers in an ongoing effort to stimulate novel insights for the dissection of the translational potential of histamine pharmacology. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on New Uses for 21st Century. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v177.3/issuetoc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterini Tiligada
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Madeleine Ennis
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Imperatore R, D'Angelo L, Safari O, Motlagh HA, Piscitelli F, de Girolamo P, Cristino L, Varricchio E, di Marzo V, Paolucci M. Overlapping Distribution of Orexin and Endocannabinoid Receptors and Their Functional Interaction in the Brain of Adult Zebrafish. Front Neuroanat 2018; 12:62. [PMID: 30104964 PMCID: PMC6077257 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2018.00062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypocretins/Orexins neuropeptides are known to regulate numerous physiological functions, such as energy homeostasis, food intake, sleep/wake cycle, arousal and wakefulness, in vertebrates. Previous studies on mice have revealed an intriguing orexins/endocannabinoids (ECs) signaling interaction at both structural and functional levels, with OX-A behaving as a strong enhancer of 2-arachydonoyl-glycerol (2-AG) biosynthesis. In this study, we describe, for the first time in the brain of zebrafish, the anatomical distribution and co-expression of orexin (OX-2R) and endocannabinoid (CB1R) receptors, suggesting a functional interaction. The immunohistochemical colocalization of these receptors by confocal imaging in the dorsal and ventral telencephalon, suprachiasmatic nucleus (SC), thalamus, hypothalamus, preoptic area (PO) and cerebellum, is reported. Moreover, biochemical quantification of 2-AG levels by LC-MS supports the occurrence of OX-A-induced 2-AG biosynthesis in the zebrafish brain after 3 h of OX-A intraperitoneal (i.p.; 3 pmol/g) or intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.; 0.3 pmol/g) injection. This effect is likely mediated by OX-2R as it is counteracted by i.p./i.c.v administration of OX-2R antagonist (SB334867, 10 pmol/g). This study provides compelling morphological and functional evidence of an OX-2R/CB1R signaling interaction in the brain of adult zebrafish, suggesting the use of this well-established vertebrate animal model for the study of complex and phylogenetically conserved physiological functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Imperatore
- Department of Science and Technology (DST), University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy.,Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Livia D'Angelo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
| | - Omid Safari
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Ahmadniaye Motlagh
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fabiana Piscitelli
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Paolo de Girolamo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigia Cristino
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Ettore Varricchio
- Department of Science and Technology (DST), University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Vincenzo di Marzo
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Marina Paolucci
- Department of Science and Technology (DST), University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Eban-Rothschild A, Appelbaum L, de Lecea L. Neuronal Mechanisms for Sleep/Wake Regulation and Modulatory Drive. Neuropsychopharmacology 2018; 43:937-952. [PMID: 29206811 PMCID: PMC5854814 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2017.294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Humans have been fascinated by sleep for millennia. After almost a century of scientific interrogation, significant progress has been made in understanding the neuronal regulation and functions of sleep. The application of new methods in neuroscience that enable the analysis of genetically defined neuronal circuits with unprecedented specificity and precision has been paramount in this endeavor. In this review, we first discuss electrophysiological and behavioral features of sleep/wake states and the principal neuronal populations involved in their regulation. Next, we describe the main modulatory drives of sleep and wakefulness, including homeostatic, circadian, and motivational processes. Finally, we describe a revised integrative model for sleep/wake regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lior Appelbaum
- The Faculty of Life Sciences and the Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Luis de Lecea
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhou C, Teegala SB, Khan BA, Gonzalez C, Routh VH. Hypoglycemia: Role of Hypothalamic Glucose-Inhibited (GI) Neurons in Detection and Correction. Front Physiol 2018; 9:192. [PMID: 29593556 PMCID: PMC5854653 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoglycemia is a profound threat to the brain since glucose is its primary fuel. As a result, glucose sensors are widely located in the central nervous system and periphery. In this perspective we will focus on the role of hypothalamic glucose-inhibited (GI) neurons in sensing and correcting hypoglycemia. In particular, we will discuss GI neurons in the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) which express neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and in the perifornical hypothalamus (PFH) which express orexin. The ability of VMH nNOS-GI neurons to depolarize in low glucose closely parallels the hormonal response to hypoglycemia which stimulates gluconeogenesis. We have found that nitric oxide (NO) production in low glucose is dependent on oxidative status. In this perspective we will discuss the potential relevance of our work showing that enhancing the glutathione antioxidant system prevents hypoglycemia associated autonomic failure (HAAF) in non-diabetic rats whereas VMH overexpression of the thioredoxin antioxidant system restores hypoglycemia counterregulation in rats with type 1 diabetes.We will also address the potential role of the orexin-GI neurons in the arousal response needed for hypoglycemia awareness which leads to behavioral correction (e.g., food intake, glucose administration). The potential relationship between the hypothalamic sensors and the neurocircuitry in the hindbrain and portal mesenteric vein which is critical for hypoglycemia correction will then be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Vanessa H. Routh
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neurosciences, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Affiliation(s)
- H. L. Haas
- Department of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology; Medical Faculty; Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf; Duesseldorf Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Storage of neural histamine and histaminergic neurotransmission is VMAT2 dependent in the zebrafish. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3060. [PMID: 28596586 PMCID: PMC5465064 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02981-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoaminergic neurotransmission is greatly dependent on the function of the vesicular monoamine transporter VMAT2, which is responsible for loading monoamines into secretory vesicles. The role of VMAT2 in histaminergic neurotransmission is poorly understood. We studied the structure and function of the histaminergic system in larval zebrafish following inhibition of VMAT2 function by reserpine. We found that reserpine treatment greatly reduced histamine immunoreactivity in neurons and an almost total disappearance of histamine-containing nerve fibers in the dorsal telencephalon and habenula, the most densely innervated targets of the hypothalamic histamine neurons. The reserpine treated larvae had an impaired histamine-dependent dark-induced flash response seen during the first second after onset of darkness, implying that function of the histaminergic network is VMAT2 dependent. Levels of histamine and other monoamines were decreased in reserpine treated animals. This study provides conclusive evidence of the relevance of VMAT2 in histaminergic neurotransmission, further implying that the storage and release mechanism of neural histamine is comparable to that of other monoamines. Our results also reveal potential new insights about the roles of monoaminergic neurotransmitters in the regulation of locomotion increase during adaptation to darkness.
Collapse
|
15
|
Posterior hypothalamus glutamate infusion decreases pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures of male rats through hippocampal histamine increase. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2017; 158:7-13. [PMID: 28495313 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Seizures are epileptic manifestations that are intrinsically modulated through different neurotransmitters and receptor systems. Although glutamate increases excitation and hence seizures, it activates other systems which could potentially terminate seizures. Histamine originates from neurons of the posterior hypothalamus (PH) and can mediate anticonvulsant properties, but the effect of local PH glutamate on hippocampal histamine content is unknown. Therefore, in this study, the effect of PH glutamate and the involvement of hippocampal histamine in pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) induced seizure activity was studied. MATERIALS AND METHODS OX2R antagonist (TCS OX2 29, 40nmol/1μl, intra-PH), AMPA/Kainate receptor antagonist (CNQX, 3mM, intra-PH) and glutamate (1mM) were injected bilaterally into PH using stereotaxic surgery. The intravenous PTZ infusion model was used to generate behavioral convulsions and the amount of hippocampal histamine content was then measured using a biochemical method. RESULTS Administration of glutamate into PH decreased both seizure stage and the duration of tonic-clonic convulsion (TCC) with increasing TCC latency and hippocampal histamine content. Blocking OX2Rs alone or coinhibition of OX2Rs and AMPA/kainate receptors reversed these effects by increasing both seizure stage and TCC duration, and by decreasing both latency and consequent histamine content. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that glutamate administration into PH may control seizures (stages and duration) through increasing the hippocampal histamine content.
Collapse
|
16
|
Zakrisson A, Kronfoth C. Tools in science. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2017; 220:3-6. [PMID: 28346772 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
17
|
Abstract
Narcolepsy is a neurological disease that affects 1 in 2,000 individuals and is characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). In 60-70% of individuals with narcolepsy, it is also characterized by cataplexy or a sudden loss of muscle tone that is triggered by positive or negative emotions. Narcolepsy decreases the quality of life of the afflicted individuals. Currently used drugs treat EDS alone (modafinil/armodafinil, methylphenidate, and amphetamine), cataplexy alone ("off-label" use of antidepressants), or both EDS and cataplexy (sodium oxybate). These drugs have abuse, tolerability, and adherence issues. A greater diversity of drug options is needed to treat narcolepsy. The small molecule drug, pitolisant, acts as an inverse agonist/antagonist at the H3 receptor, thus increasing histaminergic tone in the wake promoting system of the brain. Pitolisant has been studied in animal models of narcolepsy and used in clinical trials as a treatment for narcolepsy. A comprehensive search of online databases (eg, Medline, PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library Database, Ovid MEDLINE, Europe PubMed Central, EBSCOhost CINAHL, ProQuest Research Library, Google Scholar, and ClinicalTrials.gov) was performed. Nonrandomized and randomized studies were included. This review focuses on the outcomes of four clinical trials of pitolisant to treat narcolepsy. These four trials show that pitolisant is an effective drug to treat EDS and cataplexy in narcolepsy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael W Calik
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Science
- Center for Narcolepsy, Sleep and Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Levitas-Djerbi T, Appelbaum L. Modeling sleep and neuropsychiatric disorders in zebrafish. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2017; 44:89-93. [PMID: 28414966 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2017.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
What are the molecular and cellular mechanisms that link neurological disorders and sleep disturbances? The transparent zebrafish model could bridge this gap in knowledge due to its unique genetic and imaging toolbox, and amenability to high-throughput screening. Sleep is well-characterized in zebrafish and key regulators of the sleep/wake cycle are conserved, including melatonin and hypocretin/orexin (Hcrt), whereas novel sleep regulating proteins are continually being identified, such as Kcnh4a, Neuromedin U, and QRFP. Sleep deficiencies have been observed in various zebrafish models for genetic neuropsychiatric disorders, ranging from psychomotor retardation and autism to anxiety disorders. Understanding the link between neuropsychiatric disorders and sleep phenotypes in zebrafish may ultimately provide a platform for identifying therapeutic targets for clinical trials in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Talia Levitas-Djerbi
- The Faculty of Life Sciences and the Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Lior Appelbaum
- The Faculty of Life Sciences and the Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Genetic Analysis of Histamine Signaling in Larval Zebrafish Sleep. eNeuro 2017; 4:eN-NWR-0286-16. [PMID: 28275716 PMCID: PMC5334454 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0286-16.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Pharmacological studies in mammals and zebrafish suggest that histamine plays an important role in promoting arousal. However, genetic studies using rodents with disrupted histamine synthesis or signaling have revealed only subtle or no sleep/wake phenotypes. Studies of histamine function in mammalian arousal are complicated by its production in cells of the immune system and its roles in humoral and cellular immunity, which can have profound effects on sleep/wake states. To avoid this potential confound, we used genetics to explore the role of histamine in regulating sleep in zebrafish, a diurnal vertebrate in which histamine production is restricted to neurons in the brain. Similar to rodent genetic studies, we found that zebrafish that lack histamine due to mutation of histidine decarboxylase (hdc) exhibit largely normal sleep/wake behaviors. Zebrafish containing predicted null mutations in several histamine receptors also lack robust sleep/wake phenotypes, although we are unable to verify that these mutants are completely nonfunctional. Consistent with some rodent studies, we found that arousal induced by overexpression of the neuropeptide hypocretin (Hcrt) or by stimulation of hcrt-expressing neurons is not blocked in hdc or hrh1 mutants. We also found that the number of hcrt-expressing or histaminergic neurons is unaffected in animals that lack histamine or Hcrt signaling, respectively. Thus, while acute pharmacological manipulation of histamine signaling has been shown to have profound effects on zebrafish and mammalian sleep, our results suggest that chronic loss of histamine signaling due to genetic mutations has only subtle effects on sleep in zebrafish, similar to rodents.
Collapse
|
20
|
Elbaz I, Levitas-Djerbi T, Appelbaum L. The Hypocretin/Orexin Neuronal Networks in Zebrafish. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2017; 33:75-92. [PMID: 28012092 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2016_59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The hypothalamic Hypocretin/Orexin (Hcrt) neurons secrete two Hcrt neuropeptides. These neurons and peptides play a major role in the regulation of feeding, sleep wake cycle, reward-seeking, addiction, and stress. Loss of Hcrt neurons causes the sleep disorder narcolepsy. The zebrafish has become an attractive model to study the Hcrt neuronal network because it is a transparent vertebrate that enables simple genetic manipulation, imaging of the structure and function of neuronal circuits in live animals, and high-throughput monitoring of behavioral performance during both day and night. The zebrafish Hcrt network comprises ~16-60 neurons, which similar to mammals, are located in the hypothalamus and widely innervate the brain and spinal cord, and regulate various fundamental behaviors such as feeding, sleep, and wakefulness. Here we review how the zebrafish contributes to the study of the Hcrt neuronal system molecularly, anatomically, physiologically, and pathologically.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Idan Elbaz
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences and The Leslie and Susan Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 5290002, Israel
| | - Talia Levitas-Djerbi
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences and The Leslie and Susan Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 5290002, Israel
| | - Lior Appelbaum
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences and The Leslie and Susan Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 5290002, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Affiliation(s)
- P B Persson
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Chen YC, Semenova S, Rozov S, Sundvik M, Bonkowsky JL, Panula P. A Novel Developmental Role for Dopaminergic Signaling to Specify Hypothalamic Neurotransmitter Identity. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:21880-21892. [PMID: 27539857 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.697466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypothalamic neurons expressing histamine and orexin/hypocretin (hcrt) are necessary for normal regulation of wakefulness. In Parkinson's disease, the loss of dopaminergic neurons is associated with elevated histamine levels and disrupted sleep/wake cycles, but the mechanism is not understood. To characterize the role of dopamine in the development of histamine neurons, we inhibited the translation of the two non-allelic forms of tyrosine hydroxylase (th1 and th2) in zebrafish larvae. We found that dopamine levels were reduced in both th1 and th2 knockdown, but the serotonin level and number of serotonin neurons remained unchanged. Further, we demonstrated that th2 knockdown increased histamine neuron number and histamine levels, whereas increased dopaminergic signaling using the dopamine precursor l-DOPA (l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine) or dopamine receptor agonists reduced the number of histaminergic neurons. Increases in the number of histaminergic neurons were paralleled by matching increases in the numbers of hcrt neurons, supporting observations that histamine regulates hcrt neuron development. Finally, we show that histaminergic neurons surround th2-expressing neurons in the hypothalamus, and we suggest that dopamine regulates the terminal differentiation of histamine neurons via paracrine actions or direct synaptic neurotransmission. These results reveal a role for dopaminergic signaling in the regulation of neurotransmitter identity and a potential mechanism contributing to sleep disturbances in Parkinson's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chia Chen
- From the Neuroscience Center and Department of Anatomy, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland and
| | - Svetlana Semenova
- From the Neuroscience Center and Department of Anatomy, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland and
| | - Stanislav Rozov
- From the Neuroscience Center and Department of Anatomy, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland and
| | - Maria Sundvik
- From the Neuroscience Center and Department of Anatomy, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland and
| | - Joshua L Bonkowsky
- the Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84113
| | - Pertti Panula
- From the Neuroscience Center and Department of Anatomy, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland and
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Affiliation(s)
- P. B. Persson
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology; Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Germany
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Thomasy HE, Febinger HY, Ringgold KM, Gemma C, Opp MR. Hypocretinergic and cholinergic contributions to sleep-wake disturbances in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury. Neurobiol Sleep Circadian Rhythms 2016; 2:71-84. [PMID: 31236496 PMCID: PMC6575582 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbscr.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Disorders of sleep and wakefulness occur in the majority of individuals who have experienced traumatic brain injury (TBI), with increased sleep need and excessive daytime sleepiness often reported. Behavioral and pharmacological therapies have limited efficacy, in part, because the etiology of post-TBI sleep disturbances is not well understood. Severity of injuries resulting from head trauma in humans is highly variable, and as a consequence so are their sequelae. Here, we use a controlled laboratory model to investigate the effects of TBI on sleep-wake behavior and on candidate neurotransmitter systems as potential mediators. We focus on hypocretin and melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH), hypothalamic neuropeptides important for regulating sleep and wakefulness, and two potential downstream effectors of hypocretin actions, histamine and acetylcholine. Adult male C57BL/6 mice (n=6-10/group) were implanted with EEG recording electrodes and baseline recordings were obtained. After baseline recordings, controlled cortical impact was used to induce mild or moderate TBI. EEG recordings were obtained from the same animals at 7 and 15 days post-surgery. Separate groups of animals (n=6-8/group) were used to determine effects of TBI on the numbers of hypocretin and MCH-producing neurons in the hypothalamus, histaminergic neurons in the tuberomammillary nucleus, and cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain. At 15 days post-TBI, wakefulness was decreased and NREM sleep was increased during the dark period in moderately injured animals. There were no differences between groups in REM sleep time, nor were there differences between groups in sleep during the light period. TBI effects on hypocretin and cholinergic neurons were such that more severe injury resulted in fewer cells. Numbers of MCH neurons and histaminergic neurons were not altered under the conditions of this study. Thus, we conclude that moderate TBI in mice reduces wakefulness and increases NREM sleep during the dark period, effects that may be mediated by hypocretin-producing neurons and/or downstream cholinergic effectors in the basal forebrain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah E Thomasy
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Heidi Y Febinger
- Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Kristyn M Ringgold
- Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Carmelina Gemma
- Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Mark R Opp
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.,Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Persson PB, Zakrisson A. Dietary supplements: health from the ocean? Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2015; 215:119-22. [PMID: 26333065 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P. B. Persson
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology; Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - A. Zakrisson
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences; Stockholm University; Stockholm Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Kim H, Suh S, Joo EY, Hong SB. Morphological alterations in amygdalo-hippocampal substructures in narcolepsy patients with cataplexy. Brain Imaging Behav 2015; 10:984-994. [DOI: 10.1007/s11682-015-9450-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
27
|
Shan L, Dauvilliers Y, Siegel JM. Interactions of the histamine and hypocretin systems in CNS disorders. Nat Rev Neurol 2015; 11:401-13. [PMID: 26100750 DOI: 10.1038/nrneurol.2015.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Histamine and hypocretin neurons are localized to the hypothalamus, a brain area critical to autonomic function and sleep. Narcolepsy type 1, also known as narcolepsy with cataplexy, is a neurological disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, impaired night-time sleep, cataplexy, sleep paralysis and short latency to rapid eye movement (REM) sleep after sleep onset. In narcolepsy, 90% of hypocretin neurons are lost; in addition, two groups reported in 2014 that the number of histamine neurons is increased by 64% or more in human patients with narcolepsy, suggesting involvement of histamine in the aetiology of this disorder. Here, we review the role of the histamine and hypocretin systems in sleep-wake modulation. Furthermore, we summarize the neuropathological changes to these two systems in narcolepsy and discuss the possibility that narcolepsy-associated histamine abnormalities could mediate or result from the same processes that cause the hypocretin cell loss. We also review the changes in the hypocretin and histamine systems, and the associated sleep disruptions, in Parkinson disease, Alzheimer disease, Huntington disease and Tourette syndrome. Finally, we discuss novel therapeutic approaches for manipulation of the histamine system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Shan
- Department of Psychiatry and Brain Research Institute, UCLA School of Medicine, Veterans' Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System (VA GLAHS), 16111 Plummer Street North Hills, 151A3, CA 91343, USA
| | - Yves Dauvilliers
- Centre de Référence Nationale Maladies Rares, Narcolepsie et Hypersomnie Idiopathique, Département de Neurologie, Hôpital Gui-de-Chauliac, INSERM U1061, 80 avenue Augustin Fliche, Montpellier 34295, France
| | - Jerome M Siegel
- Department of Psychiatry and Brain Research Institute, UCLA School of Medicine, Veterans' Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System (VA GLAHS), 16111 Plummer Street North Hills, 151A3, CA 91343, USA
| |
Collapse
|