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Inabu Y, Kurosu K, Osawa R, Hasunuma T, Tsuji N, Funo H, Nishimura K, Kushibiki S, Kawashima K, Sugino T. Effect of kraft pulp inclusion in calf starter on performance, health, and plasma concentration of glucagon-like peptide 2 in calves. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:4443-4453. [PMID: 37080779 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-22548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Kraft pulp (KP), an intermediate product obtained when wood chips are converted to paper, contains highly digestible fiber. This study evaluated the effect of KP inclusion in calf starters on growth performance, health, and plasma glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP-2) concentration in calves. Twenty-five Holstein heifer calves were raised on a high plane of nutrition program using milk replacer containing 29% crude protein and 18% fat until 49 d after birth, and were fed calf starters containing KP at 0 (CON; n = 14) or 12% (KPS; n = 11) on a dry matter basis. All calves were fed the treatment calf starters and timothy hay ad libitum. Blood was collected at 4, 14, 21, 35, 49, 70, and 91 d after birth. Dry matter intake (DMI) of milk replacer and hay was not affected by treatment, whereas calf starter DMI was lower for KPS (0.93 kg/d) than for CON (1.03 kg/d). Higher neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content in KPS (31.7%) than in the CON starter (22.1%) resulted in higher NDF intake for KPS (0.55 kg/d) than for CON (0.47 kg/d). However, the consumption of starch was lower for KPS (0.29 kg/d) than for CON (0.33 kg/d). Despite the lower starter intake for KPS, body weight and average daily gain did not differ between treatments. No significant difference was observed in the plasma concentrations of metabolites, except for β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB); BHB concentration was lower for KPS (216 μmol/L) than for CON (257 μmol/L). The area under the curve for plasma GLP-2 concentration was higher for KPS (54.1 ng/mL × d) than for CON (36.0 ng/mL × d). Additionally, the fecal score postweaning (1.19 and 1.48 for KPS and CON, respectively) and the number of days that calves developed diarrhea throughout the experimental period (2.50 d and 8.10 d for KPS and CON, respectively) were lower for KPS than for CON. These results indicate that feeding KP reduces the severity and frequency of diarrhea without adversely affecting growth performance. This could be attributed to the increased plasma GLP-2 concentration induced by higher NDF intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Inabu
- Kuju Agricultural Research Center, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Oita, Japan 878-0201; Dairy Nutrition and Feeding Management, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Japan 739-8528
| | - K Kurosu
- Nippon Paper Industries Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan 114-0002
| | - R Osawa
- Saitama Prefectural Agricultural Technology Research Center, Saitama, Japan 360-0102
| | - T Hasunuma
- Toyama Prefectural Agricultural, Forestry and Fisheries Research Center, Toyama, Japan 939-2622
| | - N Tsuji
- Yamanashi Livestock and Dairy Farming Technology Center, Yamanashi, Japan 408-0021
| | - H Funo
- Shimane Prefectural Eastern Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Promotion Center, Yunnan Office, Shimane, Japan 693-0031
| | - K Nishimura
- Miyazaki Livestock Research Institute, Miyazaki, Japan 889-4411
| | - S Kushibiki
- Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, NARO, Ibaraki, Japan 305-0901
| | - K Kawashima
- Chiba Prefectural Livestock Research Center, Chiba, Japan 289-1113
| | - T Sugino
- Dairy Nutrition and Feeding Management, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Japan 739-8528.
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Mizuguchi H, Maeda Y, Nishimura K, Shinkura H, Kurosu K, Terada F, Kushibiki S. Effects of wood kraft pulp feeding on feed digestibility and rumen fermentation of Japanese Black steer in the middle fattening stage. Anim Sci J 2021; 92:e13589. [PMID: 34318555 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of wood kraft pulp (KP) feeding on feed digestibility and rumen fermentation of Japanese Black (JB) steer in the middle fattening stage. The feeding experiment was carried out a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design using six JB steers (16.2 ± 0.8 months of age). Steers were fed rice straw and three concentrated feeds: commercial formula feed (control), formula feed containing 7.5% KP on a dry matter (DM) basis (7.5% KP), and formula feed containing 15% KP on a DM basis (15% KP). Feed digestibility and rumen fermentation parameters were recorded for 3 days during the measurement period, after an adaptation phase of 11 days. There was no significant difference in DM intake per day among diets. A slightly higher digestibility of neutral detergent fiber was observed in steers fed 15% KP, compared with those fed other diets (P = 0.059). The butyric acid ratio in rumen fluid was higher in steers fed KP diets than in steers fed control (P = 0.083). The average ruminal pH was unaffected by KP diets. This study suggests that replacing 15% of concentrated feed with KP has little effect on feed digestibility and rumen fermentation in JB fattening steer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Mizuguchi
- Development & Design Department, DKK-Toa Yamagata Corporation, Shinjo, Japan
| | - Yuka Maeda
- Beef Cattle Research Division, Miyazaki Livestock Research Institute, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Keiko Nishimura
- Beef Cattle Research Division, Miyazaki Livestock Research Institute, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shinkura
- NPi Research Laboratory, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Kurosu
- NPi Research Laboratory, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Shiro Kushibiki
- Division of Animal Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, NARO, Tsukuba, Japan
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Wood kraft pulp supplementation alters the rumen fermentation characteristics and epithelial transcriptomes in Holstein cattle during the high-grain diet challenge. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2019.114292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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