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Landsgaard K, St. Jean S, Lovell S, Levine J, Gremillion C, Summers B, Rech RR. Case report: Hemangioblastoma in the brainstem of a dog. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1126477. [PMID: 37035811 PMCID: PMC10073555 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1126477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
A 3-year-old castrated male, American Pit Bull Terrier presented to Texas A&M University due to a 3-week mixed cerebellar and general proprioceptive ataxia, circling, head tilt, and dull mentation. Neurologic examination revealed signs of vestibular and mesencephalic dysfunction. Postmortem examination revealed a 1.1 × 1 × 0.8-cm, soft, dark red, well-circumscribed, left-sided mass, extending from the crus cerebri of the midbrain caudally to the pons. Microscopically, the neoplasm was composed of a spindle-shaped interstitial population of cells interspersed between a prominent capillary network, consistent with the reticular pattern of hemangioblastoma. Interstitial cells had strong, diffuse, intracytoplasmic immunolabeling for neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and were variably positive for intracytoplasmic glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Vascular endothelial cells had strong diffuse, intracytoplasmic immunolabeling for von Willebrand factor (VWF) glycoprotein. To date, only six cases of hemangioblastoma have been reported in canines, five in the spinal cord, and one in the rostral cerebrum. Our case may represent the first canine hemangioblastoma localized to the brainstem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Landsgaard
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Samantha St. Jean
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Stephanie Lovell
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Jonathan Levine
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Christine Gremillion
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Brian Summers
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Melbourne, Werribee, VIC, Australia
| | - Raquel R. Rech
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Raquel R. Rech
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Lu HY, Jerram RM, Hoddinott KL. Long‐term outcome of a dog with surgically resected thoracic intramedullary haemangioblastoma and concurrent lumbosacral disease. VETERINARY RECORD CASE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/vrc2.263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yu Lu
- Atlantic Veterinary College University of Prince Edward Island Charlottetown Prince Edward Island Canada
| | | | - Katie Leigh Hoddinott
- Atlantic Veterinary College University of Prince Edward Island Charlottetown Prince Edward Island Canada
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Marr J, Miranda IC, Miller AD, Summers BA. A Review of Proliferative Vascular Disorders of the Central Nervous System of Animals. Vet Pathol 2020; 58:864-880. [PMID: 33302811 DOI: 10.1177/0300985820980707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In disease, blood vessel proliferation has many salient roles including in inflammation, when granulation tissue fills superficial defects, or in the recanalization of an occluded blood vessel. Sometimes angiogenesis goes awry-granulation can be exuberant, and plexiform proliferation of vascular components can contribute to pulmonary hypertension. This review focuses on the diverse manifestations of pathologic vascular overgrowth that occur in the brain, spinal cord, and meninges of animals from birth until old age. Entities discussed include systemic reactive angioendotheliomatosis in which glomeruloid vascular proliferations are encountered in various organs including the central nervous system (CNS). The triad of CNS vascular malformations, hamartomas, and benign vascular proliferations are an especially fraught category in which terminology overlap and the microscopic similarity of various disorders makes diagnostic classification incredibly challenging. Pathologists commonly take refuge in "CNS vascular hamartoma" despite the lack of any unique histopathologic features and we recommend that this diagnostic category be abandoned. Malformative lesions that are often confusing and have similar features; the conditions include arteriovenous malformation, cavernous angioma, venous angioma, and capillary telangiectases. Meningioangiomatosis, a benign meningovascular proliferation with dual components, is a unique entity seen most commonly in young dogs. Last, accepted neoplastic conditions range from lower-grade locally acquired growths like hemangioblastoma (a tumor of mysterious interstitial stromal cells encountered in the setting of abundant capillary vasculature proliferation), the rare hemangioendothelioma, and the highly malignant and invariably multifocal metastatic hemangiosarcoma. Additionally, this review draws on the comparative medical literature for further insights into this problematic topic in pathology.
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Grapes NJ, Packer RMA, De Decker S. Clinical reasoning in canine cervical hyperaesthesia: which presenting features are important? Vet Rec 2020; 187:448. [PMID: 32917838 DOI: 10.1136/vr.105818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate whether clinical features from the history, presentation, physical and neurological examination of dogs with cervical hyperaesthesia are statistically predictive of the underlying diagnosis. METHODS Two hundred and ninety-eight dogs presenting with cervical hyperaesthesia between January 2010 and October 2018 were investigated. Only neurologically normal dogs with cervical hyperaesthesia on examination were included, while those with concurrent neurological deficits including gait abnormalities and proprioceptive deficits were excluded. Univariate analysis of clinical variables was performed, and those associated with each diagnosis were retained for multivariable binary logistic regression models. RESULTS Ninety-five per cent of cervical hyperaesthesia presentations were represented by eight conditions that included steroid-responsive meningitis arteritis (SRMA; n=100), intervertebral disc extrusion (n=78), syringomyelia (SM; n=51), intervertebral disc protrusion (n=30), neoplasia (n=8), cervical spondylomyelopathy (n=7), immune-mediated polyarthritis (n=5) and meningoencephalomyelitis of unknown aetiology (n=5). Younger age (P=0.003), pyrexia (P=0.003) and haematology abnormalities (P=0.03) comprising leucocytosis, neutrophilia or monocytosis were associated with a diagnosis of SRMA. CONCLUSIONS Easy-to-recognise clinical features can be used to identify the most likely differential diagnosis in neurologically normal dogs with cervical hyperaesthesia, which may aid the decision making of veterinary surgeons evaluating dogs with this presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas John Grapes
- Department of Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, UK
| | | | - Steven De Decker
- Department of Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, UK
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Yaman T, Karasu A, Uyar A, Kuşçu Y, Keleş ÖF. Congenital extraneural hemangioblastoma in a lamb. J Vet Diagn Invest 2019; 31:263-266. [PMID: 30774021 DOI: 10.1177/1040638719830464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A 1-mo-old Ivesi male lamb was presented with 2 large red masses on the skin of the left ear. The tumors were removed using gentle dissection and submitted for histologic evaluation. The tumors consisted of numerous thin-walled capillaries lined by endothelial cells and nests of stromal cells. Immunohistochemically, the endothelial cells were positive for CD45, and the stromal cells were positive for neuron-specific enolase. GFAP-positive cells were occasionally present within the tumor. Endothelial and stromal cells were negative for S100, CD34, CD31, and factor VIII-related antigen. The tumor had strong gross, microscopic, and immunohistochemical similarities with human extraneural hemangioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Turan Yaman
- Departments of Surgery (Karasu, Kuşçu).,Pathology (Yaman, Keleş), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, Turkey.,Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey (Uyar)
| | - Abdullah Karasu
- Departments of Surgery (Karasu, Kuşçu).,Pathology (Yaman, Keleş), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, Turkey.,Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey (Uyar)
| | - Ahmet Uyar
- Departments of Surgery (Karasu, Kuşçu).,Pathology (Yaman, Keleş), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, Turkey.,Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey (Uyar)
| | - Yağmur Kuşçu
- Departments of Surgery (Karasu, Kuşçu).,Pathology (Yaman, Keleş), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, Turkey.,Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey (Uyar)
| | - Ömer Faruk Keleş
- Departments of Surgery (Karasu, Kuşçu).,Pathology (Yaman, Keleş), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, Turkey.,Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey (Uyar)
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Hecht S, Davenport S, Hodshon A, LoBato D. What Is Your Diagnosis? J Am Vet Med Assoc 2018; 252:533-535. [PMID: 29461165 DOI: 10.2460/javma.252.5.533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Gaspar TB, Henriques J, Marconato L, Queiroga FL. The use of low-dose metronomic chemotherapy in dogs-insight into a modern cancer field. Vet Comp Oncol 2017; 16:2-11. [PMID: 28317239 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The era of chemotherapy, which started in the middle of the last century, has been ruled by the routine use of dose-intense protocols, based on the "maximum-tolerated dose" concept. By promoting a balance between patient's quality of life and the goal of rapidly killing as many tumour cells as possible, these protocols still play a prominent role in veterinary oncology. However, with the opening of a new millennium, metronomic chemotherapy (MC) started to be considered a possible alternative to traditional dose-intense chemotherapy. Characterized by a long-term daily administration of lower doses of cytotoxic drugs, this new modality stands out for its unique combination of effects, namely on neovascularization, immune response and tumour dormancy. This article reviews the rationale for treatment with MC, its mechanism of action and the main studies conducted in veterinary medicine, and discusses the key challenges yet to be solved.
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Affiliation(s)
- T B Gaspar
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.,Hospital Veterinário Berna, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - J Henriques
- Hospital Veterinário Berna, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - L Marconato
- Centro Oncologico Veterinario, Bologna, Italy
| | - F L Queiroga
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.,Center for the Study of Animal Sciences, CECA-ICETA, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Center for Research and Technology of Agro-Environment and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
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Jackson AE. In this issue - December 2015. Aust Vet J 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/avj.12395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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