Blömeke B, Pot LM, Coenraads PJ, Hennen J, Kock M, Goebel C. Cross-elicitation responses to 2-methoxymethyl-p-phenylenediamine under hair dye use conditions in p-phenylenediamine-allergic individuals.
Br J Dermatol 2015;
172:976-80. [PMID:
25234507 DOI:
10.1111/bjd.13412]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND
The factors influencing elicitation responses in individuals allergic to p-phenylenediamine (PPD) in hair dyes are not well understood.
OBJECTIVES
Investigation of the elicitation response to the new, less-sensitizing PPD alternative 2-methoxymethyl-p-phenylenediamine (ME-PPD) under simulated hair dye use conditions.
METHODS
The cross-elicitation response to ME-PPD (2% in a hair dye test product for 30 min on forearm then rinsing) was analysed at days 2 and 3 in 30 PPD-allergic individuals with diagnostic patch test grades +, ++ or +++ according to the classification of the International Contact Dermatitis Research Group.
RESULTS
Cross-reactivity to the ME-PPD-containing hair dye test product was elicited in nine of 30 subjects (30%), while 70% were negative. Cross-reactivity was elicited in two of four cases with grade +++, three of 10 with grade ++ and four of 16 with grade +. Under identical conditions, PPD was previously found to elicit a response in 21 of 27 PPD-allergic individuals. In 18 of these 21 individuals, either the strength of the cross-elicitation response to ME-PPD was decreased or no response occurred.
CONCLUSIONS
Under simulated hair dye use conditions, a significantly lower degree of cross-elicitation to ME-PPD (30%) was observed than previously reported for PPD (32 of 38, 84%). Additionally, a decreased cross-elicitation strength was observed across all three patch test grades, likely reflecting the reduced skin-sensitization properties of ME-PPD. Consequently, careful dermatological evaluation is required to assess cross-reactivity to ME-PPD in patients allergic to hair dyes.
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