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Genomic landscape of Epstein-Barr virus-positive extranodal marginal zone lymphomas of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. Mod Pathol 2022; 35:938-945. [PMID: 34952945 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-021-01002-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive extranodal marginal zone lymphomas of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphomas) were initially described in solid organ transplant recipients, and, more recently, in other immunodeficiency settings. The overall prevalence of EBV-positive MALT lymphomas has not been established, and little is known with respect to their genomic characteristics. Eight EBV-positive MALT lymphomas were identified, including 1 case found after screening a series of 88 consecutive MALT lymphomas with EBER in situ hybridization (1%). The genomic landscape was assessed in 7 of the 8 cases with a targeted high throughput sequencing panel and array comparative genomic hybridization. Results were compared to published data for MALT lymphomas. Of the 8 cases, 6 occurred post-transplant, 1 in the setting of primary immunodeficiency, and 1 case was age-related. Single pathogenic/likely pathogenic mutations were identified in 4 of 7 cases, including mutations in IRF8, BRAF, TNFAIP3, and SMARCA4. Other than TNFAIP3, these genes are mutated in <3% of EBV-negative MALT lymphomas. Copy number abnormalities were identified in 6 of 7 cases with a median of 6 gains and 2 losses per case, including 4 cases with gains in regions encompassing several IRF family or interacting genes (IRF2BP2, IRF2, and IRF4). There was no evidence of trisomies of chromosomes 3 or 18. In summary, EBV-positive MALT lymphomas are rare and, like other MALT lymphomas, are usually genetically non-complex. Conversely, while EBV-negative MALT lymphomas typically show mutational abnormalities in the NF-κB pathway, other than the 1 TNFAIP3-mutated case, no other NF-κB pathway mutations were identified in the EBV-positive cases. EBV-positive MALT lymphomas often have either mutations or copy number abnormalities in IRF family or interacting genes, suggesting that this pathway may play a role in these lymphomas.
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2
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The Biology of Ocular Adnexal Marginal Zone Lymphomas. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14051264. [PMID: 35267569 PMCID: PMC8908984 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on the biology of ocular adnexal marginal zone B-cell lymphomas of the mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue (MALT) (OAMZL) subtype. The ocular adnexa includes all structures and tissues within the orbit except for the eye bulb. In the region of the ocular adnexa, MALT lymphomas represent the most common subtype of lymphoma, accounting for around 8% of all non-Hodgkin lymphomas. These lymphomas are often preceded by inflammatory precursor lesions. Either autoantigens or infectious antigens may lead to disease development by functioning as continuous antigenic triggers. This triggering leads to a constitutive activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway. The role of antigenic stimulation in the pathogenesis of OAMZL is supported by the detection of somatic mutations (partially with further intraclonal diversity) in their rearranged immunoglobulin V genes; hence, their derivation from germinal-center-experienced B cells, by a restricted IGHV gene usage, and the validation of autoreactivity of the antibodies in selected cases. In the established lymphomas, NF-κB activity is further enforced by mutations in various genes regulating NF-κB activity (e.g., TNFAIP3, MYD88), as well as recurrent chromosomal translocations affecting NF-κB pathway components in a subset of cases. Further pathogenetic mechanisms include mutations in genes of the NOTCH pathway, and of epigenetic regulators. While gene expression and sequencing studies are available, the role of differential methylation of lymphoma cells, the role of micro-RNAs, and the contribution of the microenvironment remain largely unexplored.
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Recent Advances in the Genetic of MALT Lymphomas. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 14:cancers14010176. [PMID: 35008340 PMCID: PMC8750177 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14010176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is the most common subtype of marginal zone lymphomas. These B-cell neoplasms may arise from many organs and usually have an indolent behavior. Recurrent chromosomal translocations and cytogenetic alterations are well characterized, some of them being associated to specific sites. Through next-generation sequencing technologies, the mutational landscape of MALT lymphomas has been explored and available data to date show that there are considerable variations in the incidence and spectrum of mutations among MALT lymphoma of different sites. Interestingly, most of these mutations affect several common pathways and some of them are potentially targetable. Gene expression profile and epigenetic studies have also added new information, potentially useful for diagnosis and treatment. This article provides a comprehensive review of the genetic landscape in MALT lymphomas. Abstract Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphomas are a diverse group of lymphoid neoplasms with B-cell origin, occurring in adult patients and usually having an indolent clinical behavior. These lymphomas may arise in different anatomic locations, sharing many clinicopathological characteristics, but also having substantial variances in the aetiology and genetic alterations. Chromosomal translocations are recurrent in MALT lymphomas with different prevalence among different sites, being the 4 most common: t(11;18)(q21;q21), t(1;14)(p22;q32), t(14;18)(q32;q21), and t(3;14)(p14.1;q32). Several chromosomal numerical abnormalities have also been described, but probably represent secondary genetic events. The mutational landscape of MALT lymphomas is wide, and the most frequent mutations are: TNFAIP3, CREBBP, KMT2C, TET2, SPEN, KMT2D, LRP1B, PRDM1, EP300, TNFRSF14, NOTCH1/NOTCH2, and B2M, but many other genes may be involved. Similar to chromosomal translocations, certain mutations are enriched in specific lymphoma types. In the same line, variation in immunoglobulin gene usage is recognized among MALT lymphoma of different anatomic locations. In the last decade, several studies have analyzed the role of microRNA, transcriptomics and epigenetic alterations, further improving our knowledge about the pathogenic mechanisms in MALT lymphoma development. All these advances open the possibility of targeted directed treatment and push forward the concept of precision medicine in MALT lymphomas.
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Magistri M, Happ LE, Ramdial J, Lu X, Stathias V, Kunkalla K, Agarwal N, Jiang X, Schürer SC, Dubovy SR, Chapman JR, Vega F, Dave S, Lossos IS. The Genetic Landscape of Ocular Adnexa MALT Lymphoma Reveals Frequent Aberrations in NFAT and MEF2B Signaling Pathways. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2021; 1:1-16. [PMID: 35528192 PMCID: PMC9075502 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-21-0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A comprehensive constellation of somatic non-silent mutations and copy number (CN) variations in ocular adnexa marginal zone lymphoma (OAMZL) is unknown. By utilizing whole-exome sequencing in 69 tumors we define the genetic landscape of OAMZL. Mutations and CN changes in CABIN1 (30%), RHOA (26%), TBL1XR1 (22%), and CREBBP (17%) and inactivation of TNFAIP3 (26%) were among the most common aberrations. Candidate cancer driver genes cluster in the B-cell receptor (BCR), NFkB, NOTCH and NFAT signaling pathways. One of the most commonly altered genes is CABIN1, a calcineurin inhibitor acting as a negative regulator of the NFAT and MEF2B transcriptional activity. CABIN1 deletions enhance BCR-stimulated NFAT and MEF2B transcriptional activity, while CABIN1 mutations enhance only MEF2B transcriptional activity by impairing binding of mSin3a to CABIN1. Our data provide an unbiased identification of genetically altered genes that may play a role in the molecular pathogenesis of OAMZL and serve as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Magistri
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Lanie E. Happ
- Center for Genomic and Computational Biology and Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Jeremy Ramdial
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - XiaoQing Lu
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Vasileios Stathias
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
- Center for Computational Science, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Kranthi Kunkalla
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Nitin Agarwal
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Xiaoyu Jiang
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Stephan C. Schürer
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
- Center for Computational Science, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Sander R. Dubovy
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Jennifer R. Chapman
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Francisco Vega
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Sandeep Dave
- Center for Genomic and Computational Biology and Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Izidore S. Lossos
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
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6
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Johansson P, Klein-Hitpass L, Budeus B, Kuhn M, Lauber C, Seifert M, Roeder I, Pförtner R, Stuschke M, Dührsen U, Eckstein A, Dürig J, Küppers R. Identifying Genetic Lesions in Ocular Adnexal Extranodal Marginal Zone Lymphomas of the MALT Subtype by Whole Genome, Whole Exome and Targeted Sequencing. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12040986. [PMID: 32316399 PMCID: PMC7225979 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12040986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of ocular adnexal marginal zone lymphomas of mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue-type (OAML) is not fully understood. We performed whole genome sequencing (WGS) and/or whole exome sequencing (WES) for 13 cases of OAML and sequenced 38 genes selected from this analysis in a large cohort of 82 OAML. Besides confirmation of frequent mutations in the genes transducin beta like 1 X-linked receptor 1 (TBL1XR1) and cAMP response element binding protein (CREBBP), we newly identifed JAK3 as a frequently mutated gene in OAML (11% of cases). In our retrospective cohort, JAK3 mutant cases had a shorter progression-free survival compared with unmutated cases. Other newly identified genes recurrently mutated in 5-10% of cases included members of the collagen family (collagen type XII alpha 1/2 (COL12A1, COL1A2)) and DOCK8. Evaluation of the WGS data of six OAML did not reveal translocations or a current infection of the lymphoma cells by viruses. Evaluation of the WGS data for copy number aberrations confirmed frequent loss of TNFAIP3, and revealed recurrent gains of the NOTCH target HES4, and of members of the CEBP transcription factor family. Overall, we identified several novel genes recurrently affected by point mutations or copy number alterations, but our study also indicated that the landscape of frequently (>10% of cases) mutated protein-coding genes in OAML is now largely known.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Johansson
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (U.D.); (J.D.)
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (L.K.-H.); (B.B.); (R.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-201-723-85845
| | - Ludger Klein-Hitpass
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (L.K.-H.); (B.B.); (R.K.)
| | - Bettina Budeus
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (L.K.-H.); (B.B.); (R.K.)
| | - Matthias Kuhn
- Institute for Medical Informatics and Biometry, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (M.K.); (C.L.); (M.S.); (I.R.)
| | - Chris Lauber
- Institute for Medical Informatics and Biometry, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (M.K.); (C.L.); (M.S.); (I.R.)
| | - Michael Seifert
- Institute for Medical Informatics and Biometry, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (M.K.); (C.L.); (M.S.); (I.R.)
| | - Ingo Roeder
- Institute for Medical Informatics and Biometry, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (M.K.); (C.L.); (M.S.); (I.R.)
| | - Roman Pförtner
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Evang. Huyssens-Stiftung/Knappschaft GmbH, University Hospital of Essen, 45136 Essen, Germany;
| | - Martin Stuschke
- Department of Radiotherapy, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany;
| | - Ulrich Dührsen
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (U.D.); (J.D.)
| | - Anja Eckstein
- Department of Ophthalmology, Molecular Ophthalmology Group, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany;
| | - Jan Dürig
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (U.D.); (J.D.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Ralf Küppers
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (L.K.-H.); (B.B.); (R.K.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 45147 Essen, Germany
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Vela V, Juskevicius D, Gerlach MM, Meyer P, Graber A, Cathomas G, Dirnhofer S, Tzankov A. High throughput sequencing reveals high specificity of TNFAIP3 mutations in ocular adnexal marginal zone B-cell lymphomas. Hematol Oncol 2020; 38:284-292. [PMID: 32012328 DOI: 10.1002/hon.2718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The majority of ocular adnexal (OA) lymphomas (OAL) are extranodal marginal zone lymphomas (MZL). First high throughput sequencing (HTS) studies on OA-MZL showed inconsistent results and the distribution of mutations in reactive lymphoid lesions of this anatomic region has not yet been sufficiently addressed. We characterized OAL and lymphoid lesions of the OA by targeted HTS. The study included 34 OA-MZL, 11 chronic conjunctivitis, five mature small cell B-cell lymphomas spreading to the OA, five diseases with increase of IgG4+ plasma cells, three Burkitt lymphomas (BL), three diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL), three mantle cell lymphomas, three idiopathic orbital inflammations/orbital pseudo tumors (PT), and three OA lymphoid hyperplasia. All cases were negative for Chlamydia. The mutational number was highest in BL and lowest in PT. The most commonly (and exclusively) mutated gene in OA-MZL was TNFAIP3 (10 of 34 cases). Altogether, 20 out of 34 patients harbored mutually exclusive mutations of either TNFAIP3, BCL10, MYD88, ATM, BRAF, or NFKBIE, or nonexclusive mutations of IRF8, TNFRSF14, KLHL6, and TBL1XR1, all encoding for NK-κB pathway compounds or regulators. Thirteen patients (38%) had, to a great part, mutually exclusive mutations of chromatin modifier-encoding genes: KMT2D, CREBBP, BCL7A, DNMT3A, EP300, or HIST1H1E. Only four patients harbored co-occurring mutations of genes encoding for NK-κB compounds and chromatin modifiers. Finally, PTEN, KMT2D, PRDM1, and HIST1H2BK mutations were observable in reactive lymphoid lesions too, while such instances were devoid of NF-κB compound mutations and/or mutations of acetyltransferase-encoding genes. In conclusion, 80% of OA-MZL display mutations of either NK-κB compounds or chromatin modifiers. Lymphoid lesions of the OA bearing NF-κB compound mutations and/or mutations of acetyltransferase-encoding genes highly likely represent lymphomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Visar Vela
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Darius Juskevicius
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Magdalena M Gerlach
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter Meyer
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Eye Clinic, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anne Graber
- Cantonal Institute of Pathology, Liestal, Switzerland
| | | | - Stefan Dirnhofer
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alexandar Tzankov
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Behdad A, Zhou XY, Gao J, Raparia K, Dittman D, Green SJ, Qi C, Betz B, Bryar P, Chen Q, Chen YH. High Frequency of MYD88 L265P Mutation in Primary Ocular Adnexal Marginal Zone Lymphoma and Its Clinicopathologic Correlation: A Study From a Single Institution. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2018; 143:483-493. [PMID: 30444439 DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2018-0092-oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT.— The pathogenesis of primary ocular adnexal marginal zone lymphoma (POAMZL) remains unclear. The reported associations with Chlamydia psittaci infection and MYD88 mutations are highly variable. OBJECTIVE.— To examine MYD88 L265P mutation in ocular marginal zone lymphomas and correlate with clinicopathologic features and Chlamydia infection. DESIGN.— Presence of MYD88 L265P mutation and Chlamydia infection in lymphoma was analyzed by using sensitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods. RESULTS.— The MYD88 L265P mutation was identified in 8 of 22 POAMZLs (36%), including 2 of 3 cases in which PCR failed to detect clonal IGH gene rearrangement; none of the 4 secondary marginal zone lymphomas were positive. Test results for Chlamydia were negative in all cases. Patients with and without the MYD88 mutation had similar clinicopathologic features. CONCLUSIONS.— The MYD88 mutational analysis provides important information in diagnostic workup of POAMZL. The frequent MYD88 mutation suggests a critical role of this aberration in the pathogenesis of POAMZL and may serve as a therapeutic target for patients with progressive disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Behdad
- From the Departments of Pathology (Drs Behdad, Gao, and Raparia; Mr Dittman; Drs Qi, Q Chen, and Y-H Chen) and Ophthalmology (Dr Bryar), Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan (Dr Zhou); Research Resources Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago (Dr Green); Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (Dr Betz). Dr Zhou is currently at the Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom-Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, Florida. Dr Raparia is currently at the Department of Pathology, Kaiser Permanente, Santa Clara, California
| | - Xiao Yi Zhou
- From the Departments of Pathology (Drs Behdad, Gao, and Raparia; Mr Dittman; Drs Qi, Q Chen, and Y-H Chen) and Ophthalmology (Dr Bryar), Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan (Dr Zhou); Research Resources Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago (Dr Green); Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (Dr Betz). Dr Zhou is currently at the Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom-Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, Florida. Dr Raparia is currently at the Department of Pathology, Kaiser Permanente, Santa Clara, California
| | - Juehua Gao
- From the Departments of Pathology (Drs Behdad, Gao, and Raparia; Mr Dittman; Drs Qi, Q Chen, and Y-H Chen) and Ophthalmology (Dr Bryar), Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan (Dr Zhou); Research Resources Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago (Dr Green); Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (Dr Betz). Dr Zhou is currently at the Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom-Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, Florida. Dr Raparia is currently at the Department of Pathology, Kaiser Permanente, Santa Clara, California
| | - Kirtee Raparia
- From the Departments of Pathology (Drs Behdad, Gao, and Raparia; Mr Dittman; Drs Qi, Q Chen, and Y-H Chen) and Ophthalmology (Dr Bryar), Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan (Dr Zhou); Research Resources Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago (Dr Green); Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (Dr Betz). Dr Zhou is currently at the Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom-Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, Florida. Dr Raparia is currently at the Department of Pathology, Kaiser Permanente, Santa Clara, California
| | - David Dittman
- From the Departments of Pathology (Drs Behdad, Gao, and Raparia; Mr Dittman; Drs Qi, Q Chen, and Y-H Chen) and Ophthalmology (Dr Bryar), Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan (Dr Zhou); Research Resources Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago (Dr Green); Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (Dr Betz). Dr Zhou is currently at the Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom-Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, Florida. Dr Raparia is currently at the Department of Pathology, Kaiser Permanente, Santa Clara, California
| | - Stefan J Green
- From the Departments of Pathology (Drs Behdad, Gao, and Raparia; Mr Dittman; Drs Qi, Q Chen, and Y-H Chen) and Ophthalmology (Dr Bryar), Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan (Dr Zhou); Research Resources Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago (Dr Green); Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (Dr Betz). Dr Zhou is currently at the Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom-Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, Florida. Dr Raparia is currently at the Department of Pathology, Kaiser Permanente, Santa Clara, California
| | - Chao Qi
- From the Departments of Pathology (Drs Behdad, Gao, and Raparia; Mr Dittman; Drs Qi, Q Chen, and Y-H Chen) and Ophthalmology (Dr Bryar), Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan (Dr Zhou); Research Resources Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago (Dr Green); Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (Dr Betz). Dr Zhou is currently at the Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom-Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, Florida. Dr Raparia is currently at the Department of Pathology, Kaiser Permanente, Santa Clara, California
| | - Bryan Betz
- From the Departments of Pathology (Drs Behdad, Gao, and Raparia; Mr Dittman; Drs Qi, Q Chen, and Y-H Chen) and Ophthalmology (Dr Bryar), Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan (Dr Zhou); Research Resources Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago (Dr Green); Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (Dr Betz). Dr Zhou is currently at the Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom-Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, Florida. Dr Raparia is currently at the Department of Pathology, Kaiser Permanente, Santa Clara, California
| | - Paul Bryar
- From the Departments of Pathology (Drs Behdad, Gao, and Raparia; Mr Dittman; Drs Qi, Q Chen, and Y-H Chen) and Ophthalmology (Dr Bryar), Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan (Dr Zhou); Research Resources Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago (Dr Green); Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (Dr Betz). Dr Zhou is currently at the Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom-Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, Florida. Dr Raparia is currently at the Department of Pathology, Kaiser Permanente, Santa Clara, California
| | - Qing Chen
- From the Departments of Pathology (Drs Behdad, Gao, and Raparia; Mr Dittman; Drs Qi, Q Chen, and Y-H Chen) and Ophthalmology (Dr Bryar), Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan (Dr Zhou); Research Resources Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago (Dr Green); Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (Dr Betz). Dr Zhou is currently at the Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom-Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, Florida. Dr Raparia is currently at the Department of Pathology, Kaiser Permanente, Santa Clara, California
| | - Yi-Hua Chen
- From the Departments of Pathology (Drs Behdad, Gao, and Raparia; Mr Dittman; Drs Qi, Q Chen, and Y-H Chen) and Ophthalmology (Dr Bryar), Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan (Dr Zhou); Research Resources Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago (Dr Green); Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (Dr Betz). Dr Zhou is currently at the Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom-Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, Florida. Dr Raparia is currently at the Department of Pathology, Kaiser Permanente, Santa Clara, California
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Abstract
There are three different marginal zone lymphomas (MZLs): the extranodal MZL of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) type (MALT lymphoma), the splenic MZL, and the nodal MZL. The three MZLs share common lesions and deregulated pathways but also present specific alterations that can be used for their differential diagnosis. Although trisomies of chromosomes 3 and 18, deletions at 6q23, deregulation of nuclear factor kappa B, and chromatin remodeling genes are frequent events in all of them, the three MZLs differ in the presence of recurrent translocations, mutations affecting the NOTCH pathway, and the transcription factor Kruppel like factor 2 ( KLF2) or the receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase delta ( PTPRD). Since a better understanding of the molecular events underlying each subtype may have practical relevance, this review summarizes the most recent and main advances in our understanding of the genetics and biology of MZLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bertoni
- Università della Svizzera italiana, Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Ospedale San Giovanni, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Davide Rossi
- Università della Svizzera italiana, Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Ospedale San Giovanni, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Emanuele Zucca
- Università della Svizzera italiana, Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Ospedale San Giovanni, Bellinzona, Switzerland
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10
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Recurrent mutations in NF-κB pathway components, KMT2D, and NOTCH1/2 in ocular adnexal MALT-type marginal zone lymphomas. Oncotarget 2018; 7:62627-62639. [PMID: 27566587 PMCID: PMC5308752 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of ocular adnexal marginal zone lymphomas of mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue-type (OAML) is still poorly understood. We analyzed 63 cases of such lymphomas for non-synonymous mutations in 24 candidate genes by amplicon sequencing. We validated frequent mutations in the NF-κB regulators MYD88, TNFAIP3 and TNIP1 in OAML, but also identified recurrent mutations in several additional components of the NF-κB pathway, including BCL10 and NFKBIA. Overall, 60% of cases had mutations in at least one component of NF-κB signaling, pointing to a central role of its genetic deregulation in OAML pathogenesis. Mutations in NOTCH1 and NOTCH2 were each found in 8% of cases, indicating a pathogenetic function of these factors in OAML. KMT2D was identified as the first epigenetic regulator with mutations in OAML, being mutated in 22% of cases. Mutations in MYD88 were associated with an inferior disease-free survival. Overall, we identified here highly recurrent genetic lesions in components of the NF-κB pathway, of NOTCH1 and NOTCH2 as well as KMT2D in OAML and thereby provide major novel insights into the pathogenesis of this B cell malignancy.
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Schreuder MI, van den Brand M, Hebeda KM, Groenen PJTA, van Krieken JH, Scheijen B. Novel developments in the pathogenesis and diagnosis of extranodal marginal zone lymphoma. J Hematop 2017; 10:91-107. [PMID: 29225710 PMCID: PMC5712330 DOI: 10.1007/s12308-017-0302-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Extranodal marginal zone lymphoma (EMZL), mostly represented by mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) type, also referred to as MALT lymphoma, is a clinically heterogeneous entity within the group of low-grade B cell lymphomas that arises in a wide range of different extranodal sites, including the stomach, lung, ocular adnexa, and skin. It represents the third most common non-Hodgkin lymphoma in the Western world, and the median age of occurrence is around 60 years. One characteristic aspect in a subset of EMZL detectable in about 25% of the cases is the presence of specific chromosomal translocations involving the genes MALT1 and BCL10, which lead to activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway. Another unique aspect is that several infectious agents, such as Helicobacter pylori in the case of gastric EMZL, and autoimmune disorders, like Sjögren syndrome, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of this cancer. Recent findings as summarized in this review have further improved our understanding of the complex pathobiology of this disease and have been essential to better define novel treatment strategies. In addition, many of these specific features are currently being implemented for the diagnosis of EMZL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max I Schreuder
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 AG Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Michiel van den Brand
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 AG Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Pathology-DNA, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | - Konnie M Hebeda
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 AG Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Patricia J T A Groenen
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 AG Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - J Han van Krieken
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 AG Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Blanca Scheijen
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 AG Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Moody S, Escudero-Ibarz L, Wang M, Clipson A, Ochoa Ruiz E, Dunn-Walters D, Xue X, Zeng N, Robson A, Chuang SS, Cogliatti S, Liu H, Goodlad J, Ashton-Key M, Raderer M, Bi Y, Du MQ. Significant association between TNFAIP3
inactivation and biased immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region 4-34 usage in mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. J Pathol 2017; 243:3-8. [DOI: 10.1002/path.4933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Moody
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology; University of Cambridge; Cambridge UK
| | - Leire Escudero-Ibarz
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology; University of Cambridge; Cambridge UK
| | - Ming Wang
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology; University of Cambridge; Cambridge UK
| | - Alexandra Clipson
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology; University of Cambridge; Cambridge UK
| | - Eguzkine Ochoa Ruiz
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology; University of Cambridge; Cambridge UK
| | - Deborah Dunn-Walters
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Inflammatory Disease; King's College London Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine; London UK
| | - Xuemin Xue
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology; University of Cambridge; Cambridge UK
| | - Naiyan Zeng
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology; University of Cambridge; Cambridge UK
| | - Alistair Robson
- Department of Dermatopathology; St John's Institute of Dermatology; London UK
| | | | - Sergio Cogliatti
- Institute of Pathology; State Hospital St Gallen; St Gallen Switzerland
| | - Hongxiang Liu
- Molecular Malignancy Laboratory, Addenbrooke's Hospital; Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Cambridge UK
| | - John Goodlad
- Department of Pathology, Western General Hospital; NHS Lothian University Hospitals Trust; Edinburgh UK
| | - Margaret Ashton-Key
- Department of Cellular Pathology; Southampton University Hospitals National Health Service Trust; Southampton UK
| | - Markus Raderer
- Department of Medicine I, Clinical Division of Oncology; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - Yingwen Bi
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology; University of Cambridge; Cambridge UK
- Department of Pathology, Eye & ENT Hospital; Fudan University; Shanghai PR China
| | - Ming-Qing Du
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology; University of Cambridge; Cambridge UK
- Molecular Malignancy Laboratory, Addenbrooke's Hospital; Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Cambridge UK
- Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital; Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Cambridge UK
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The mutational landscape of ocular marginal zone lymphoma identifies frequent alterations in TNFAIP3 followed by mutations in TBL1XR1 and CREBBP. Oncotarget 2017; 8:17038-17049. [PMID: 28152507 PMCID: PMC5370020 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ocular marginal zone lymphoma is a common type of low-grade B-cell lymphoma. To investigate the genomic changes that occur in ocular marginal zone lymphoma, we analyzed 10 cases of ocular marginal zone lymphoma using whole-genome and RNA sequencing and an additional 38 cases using targeted sequencing. Major genetic alterations affecting genes involved in nuclear factor (NF)-κB pathway activation (60%), chromatin modification and transcriptional regulation (44%), and B-cell differentiation (23%) were identified. In whole-genome sequencing, the 6q23.3 region containing TNFAIP3 was deleted in 5 samples (50%). In addition, 5 structural variation breakpoints in the first intron of IL20RA located in the 6q23.3 region was found in 3 samples (30%). In targeted sequencing, a disruptive mutation of TNFAIP3 was the most common alteration (54%), followed by mutations of TBL1XR1 (18%), cAMP response element binding proteins (CREBBP) (17%) and KMT2D (6%). All TBL1XR1 mutations were located within the WD40 domain, and TBL1XR1 mutants transfected into 293T cells increased TBL1XR1 binding with nuclear receptor corepressor (NCoR), leading to increased degradation of NCoR and the activation of NF-κB and JUN target genes. This study confirms genes involving in the activation of the NF-kB signaling pathway is the major driver in the oncogenesis of ocular MZL.
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Du MQ. MALT lymphoma: Genetic abnormalities, immunological stimulation and molecular mechanism. Best Pract Res Clin Haematol 2017; 30:13-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.beha.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Du MQ. MALT lymphoma: A paradigm of NF-κB dysregulation. Semin Cancer Biol 2016; 39:49-60. [PMID: 27452667 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2016.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphoma) invariably arises from a background of chronic microbial infection and/or autoimmune disorder at diverse mucosal sites. The prolonged chronic infection and/or autoimmunity generate active immune and inflammatory responses that provide a setting for evolution and development of autoreactive B-cells, their expansion and eventual malignant transformation following acquisition of genetic changes. The immune responses also play a critical role in sustaining the growth and survival of the transformed cells as shown by complete regression of a high proportion of MALT lymphoma of the stomach, ocular adnexa and skin following anti-microbial treatment. B-cell receptor engagement by auto-antigen as well as T-cell help including both cognate interaction and bystander help via soluble ligands such as CD40L and BAFF are thought to underpin the immunological drive in the lymphoma development through activation of the canonical and non-canonical NF-κB pathway respectively. Similarly, the three MALT lymphoma associated chromosome translocations, namely t(1;14)(p22;q32)/BCL10-IGH, t(14;18)(q32;q21)/IGH-MALT1,and t(11;18)(q21;q21)/BIRC3 (API2)-MALT1, are also capable of activating both canonical and non-canonical NF-κB pathways. Furthermore, TNFAIP3 (A20) inactivation by deletion and/or mutation abolishes the auto-negative feedback to several signalling including BCR and TLR, which connect to the canonical NF-κB activation pathway. Thus, there is a considerable overlap in the molecular pathways dysregulated by immunological drive and somatic genetic changes, strongly arguing for their oncogenic cooperation in the development of MALT lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Qing Du
- Division of Molecular Histopathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Extranodal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphoma) is a distinct clinical-pathological entity that can be distinguished from other lymphomas by a number of unique features, including their location in various extranodal sites, being preceded by chronic inflammatory or infection processes; a characteristic histopathological picture; and the presence of exclusive chromosomal translocations which increase MALT1 proteolytic activity to promote constitutive NF-κB signaling and eventually drive lymphomagenesis. RECENT FINDINGS This review explores the major molecular and cellular events that participate in MALT lymphoma pathogenesis, focusing on gastric MALT lymphoma as a model of chronic inflammation-induced tumor development. In addition, the pivotal roles of activated MALT1 protease, its substrate TNFAIP3/A20, and the MyD88 adaptor protein in abnormally triggering downstream NF-κB pathway are overviewed. These new insights provide a mechanistic basis for using novel therapies targeting MALT1 protease or IRAK4 kinase activities. Finally, the putative cellular origin of MALT lymphomas is also discussed. SUMMARY Over the last decade, unraveling the biological complexity of MALT lymphomas has shed light on the fundamental cellular and molecular aspects of the disease that are to be translated into clinical diagnostics and therapy.
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KLF2 mutation is the most frequent somatic change in splenic marginal zone lymphoma and identifies a subset with distinct genotype. Leukemia 2014; 29:1177-85. [DOI: 10.1038/leu.2014.330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Revised: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Zhu D, Ikpatt OF, Dubovy SR, Lossos C, Natkunam Y, Chapman-Fredricks JR, Fan YS, Lossos IS. Molecular and genomic aberrations in Chlamydophila psittaci negative ocular adnexal marginal zone lymphomas. Am J Hematol 2013; 88:730-5. [PMID: 23720088 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.23490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Revised: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The etiology and pathogenesis of ocular adnexal extranodal marginal zone lymphoma (OAEMZL) are still unknown and the association with Chlamydophila psittaci (C. psittaci) has been shown in only some geographic regions. Herein, we comprehensively examined the frequency of chromosomal translocations as well as CARD11, MYD88 (L265P), and A20 mutations/deletions in 45 C. psittaci negative OAEMZLs. t(14;18)(q32;q21) IGH-MALT1 and t(11;18)(q21;q21) API2-MALT1 were not detected in any of the analyzed tumors while three tumors harbored IGH translocations to an unidentified partner. CARD11 mutations were not found in all analyzed tumors, while the MYD88 L265P mutation was detected in three (6.7%) tumors. A20 mutations and deletions were each detected in seven (15.6%) and six (13.3%) tumors, respectively. Therefore, the observed genetic aberrations could account for the activation of the nuclear factor (NF)-kB signaling pathway in only a minority of the cases. Further studies are needed to identify the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of OAEMZL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daxing Zhu
- Division of Hematology-Oncology; Department of Medicine; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami; Miami; Florida
| | | | | | - Chen Lossos
- Division of Hematology-Oncology; Department of Medicine; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami; Miami; Florida
| | - Yasodha Natkunam
- Department of Pathology; Stanford University; Stanford; California
| | | | - Yao-Shan Fan
- Department of Pathology; University of Miami; Miami; Florida
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