Jain MR, Joharapurkar AA, Kshirsagar SG, Patel VJ, Bahekar RH, Patel HV, Jadav PA, Patel PR, Desai RC. ZY15557, a novel, long acting inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase-4, for the treatment of Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Br J Pharmacol 2017;
174:2346-2357. [PMID:
28452143 DOI:
10.1111/bph.13842]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
Dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)-4 inhibitors increase levels of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and provide clinical benefit in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. As longer acting inhibitors have therapeutic advantages, we developed a novel DPP-4 inhibitor, ZY15557, that has a sustained action and long half-life.
EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH
We studied the potency, selectivity, efficacy and duration of action of ZY15557, in vitro, with assays of DPP-4 activity. In vivo, the pharmacodymamics and pharmacokinetics of ZY15557 were studied, using db/db mice and Zucker fatty rats, along with normal mice, rats, dogs and non-human primates.
KEY RESULTS
ZY15557 is a potent, competitive and long acting inhibitor of DPP-4 (Ki 5.53 nM; Koff 3.2 × 10-4 ·s-1 , half-life 35.8 min). ZY15557 treatment inhibited DPP-4 activity, and enhanced active GLP-1 and insulin in mice and rats, providing dose-dependent anti-hyperglycaemic effects. Anti-hyperglycaemic effects were also observed in db/db mice and Zucker fatty rats. Following oral dosing, ZY15557 significantly inhibited plasma DPP-4 activity, determined ex vivo, in mice and rats for more than 48 h, and for up to 168 h in dogs and non-human primates. Allometric scaling predicts a half-life for ZY15557 in humans of up to 60 h.
CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS
ZY15557 is a potent, competitive and long acting DPP-4 inhibitor. ZY15557 showed similar DPP-4 inhibition across different species. ZY15557 showed excellent oral bioavailability in preclinical species. It showed a low plasma clearance (CL) and large volume of distribution (Vss ) across species, resulting in an extended half-life.
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