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Werfel TA, Hicks DJ, Rahman B, Bendeman WE, Duvernay MT, Maeng JG, Hamm H, Lavieri RR, Joly MM, Pulley JM, Elion DL, Brantley-Sieders DM, Cook RS. Repurposing of a Thromboxane Receptor Inhibitor Based on a Novel Role in Metastasis Identified by Phenome-Wide Association Study. Mol Cancer Ther 2020; 19:2454-2464. [PMID: 33033174 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-19-1106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Although new drug discoveries are revolutionizing cancer treatments, repurposing existing drugs would accelerate the timeline and lower the cost for bringing treatments to cancer patients. Our goal was to repurpose CPI211, a potent and selective antagonist of the thromboxane A2-prostanoid receptor (TPr), a G-protein-coupled receptor that regulates coagulation, blood pressure, and cardiovascular homeostasis. To identify potential new clinical indications for CPI211, we performed a phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) of the gene encoding TPr, TBXA2R, using robust deidentified health records and matched genomic data from more than 29,000 patients. Specifically, PheWAS was used to identify clinical manifestations correlating with a TBXA2R single-nucleotide polymorphism (rs200445019), which generates a T399A substitution within TPr that enhances TPr signaling. Previous studies have correlated 200445019 with chronic venous hypertension, which was recapitulated by this PheWAS analysis. Unexpectedly, PheWAS uncovered an rs200445019 correlation with cancer metastasis across several cancer types. When tested in several mouse models of metastasis, TPr inhibition using CPI211 potently blocked spontaneous metastasis from primary tumors, without affecting tumor cell proliferation, motility, or tumor growth. Further, metastasis following intravenous tumor cell delivery was blocked in mice treated with CPI211. Interestingly, TPr signaling in vascular endothelial cells induced VE-cadherin internalization, diminished endothelial barrier function, and enhanced transendothelial migration by tumor cells, phenotypes that were decreased by CPI211. These studies provide evidence that TPr signaling promotes cancer metastasis, supporting the study of TPr inhibitors as antimetastatic agents and highlighting the use of PheWAS as an approach to accelerate drug repurposing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A Werfel
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee.,Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Mississippi, Oxford, Mississippi
| | - Donna J Hicks
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Bushra Rahman
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Wendy E Bendeman
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Matthew T Duvernay
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Jae G Maeng
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Heidi Hamm
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Robert R Lavieri
- Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Meghan M Joly
- Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Jill M Pulley
- Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - David L Elion
- Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Dana M Brantley-Sieders
- Breast Cancer Research Program, Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.,Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Rebecca S Cook
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee. .,Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee.,Breast Cancer Research Program, Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University School of Engineering, Nashville, Tennessee
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Wiśniewski K, Jóźwik-Pruska J, Bieńkowski M, Bobeff EJ, Bryl M, Kałużna-Czaplińska J, Jaskólski DJ. Isoprostanes as potential cerebral vasospasm biomarkers. Neurol Neurochir Pol 2018; 52:643-651. [PMID: 30314904 DOI: 10.1016/j.pjnns.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Despite enormous progress in medicine, symptomatic cerebral vasospasm (CVS), remains an unexplained clinical problem, which leaves both physicians and patients helpless and relying on chance, due to the lack of specific marker indicative of imminent danger as well as the lack of specific treatment. In our opinion CVS occurrence depends on dynamic disbalance between free radicals' formation (oxidative stress) and antioxidant activity. Isoprostanes are products of free-radical peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids, and seem to mark a promising path for the research aiming to unravel its possible mechanism. Not only are they the biomarkers of oxidative stress in vivo and in vitro, but also have manifold biological effects (including vasoactive, inflammatory and mitogenic) via activation of the thromboxane A2 receptor (TBXA2R), both in physiological and pathophysiological processes. This review addresses the importance of isoprostanes in CVS in quest of appropriate biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karol Wiśniewski
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurooncology, Medical University of Lodz, Barlicki University Hospital, Kopcińskiego 22, 90-153 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Jagoda Jóźwik-Pruska
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Michał Bieńkowski
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Neuropathology, Chair of Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska 251, 92-213 Lodz, Poland
| | - Ernest J Bobeff
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurooncology, Medical University of Lodz, Barlicki University Hospital, Kopcińskiego 22, 90-153 Lodz, Poland
| | - Maciej Bryl
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurooncology, Medical University of Lodz, Barlicki University Hospital, Kopcińskiego 22, 90-153 Lodz, Poland
| | - Joanna Kałużna-Czaplińska
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Dariusz J Jaskólski
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurooncology, Medical University of Lodz, Barlicki University Hospital, Kopcińskiego 22, 90-153 Lodz, Poland
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Che D, Pi L, Xu Y, Fu L, Zhou H, Wang Z, Huang P, Zhang L, Gu X. TBXA2R rs4523 G allele is associated with decreased susceptibility to Kawasaki disease. Cytokine 2018; 111:216-21. [PMID: 30179800 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Kawasaki disease is a multi-system vasculitis and a primary cause of acquired heart disease among children. Genetic factors may increase susceptibility to Kawasaki disease. TBXA2R is a G-protein-coupled receptor that participates in tissue inflammation and is associated with susceptibility to several diseases, but its relevance in Kawasaki disease is unclear. We genotyped TBXA2R (rs1131882 and rs4523) in 694 Kawasaki disease cases and 657 healthy controls. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to evaluate the intensity of the associations. We found a significantly decreased risk of Kawasaki disease associated with TBXA2R rs4523 G variant genotypes (AG vs AA: adjusted OR = 0.788, 95%CI = 0.626-0.993; GG vs AA: adjusted OR = 0.459, 95%CI = 0.258-0.815; AG/GG vs AA: adjusted OR = 0.744, 95%CI = 0.595-0.929; GG vs AG/AA: adjusted OR = 0.497, 95% CI = 0.281-0.879). In the combined analysis of the two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), we found that individuals with two unfavorable genotypes exhibited decreased risk for Kawasaki disease (adjusted OR = 0.754, 95%CI = 0.577-0.985) compared with those who did not have or one unfavorable genotypes. This cumulative effect on protection is effect-genotype dose-dependent (ptrend = 0.022). Moreover, the combined analysis indicated that the two unfavorable genotypes were associated with a decreased risk of Kawasaki disease in children 12-60 months of age, females and the subgroup with non-coronary artery lesion (NCAL) formation compared with those who did not have or one unfavorable genotypes. In conclusion, the TBXA2R rs4523 G allele may contribute to protection against Kawasaki disease and decreased risk of coronary artery aneurysm complications in a southern Chinese population.
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Abstract
Prostaglandins are synthesized through the metabolism of arachidonic acid via the cyclooxygenase pathway. There are five primary prostaglandins, PGD2, PGE2, PGF2, PGI2, and thromboxane B2, that all signal through distinct seven transmembrane, G-protein coupled receptors. The receptors through which the prostaglandins signal determines their immunologic or physiologic effects. For instance, the same prostaglandin may have opposing properties, dependent upon the signaling pathways activated. In this article, we will detail how inhibition of cyclooxygenase metabolism and regulation of prostaglandin signaling regulates allergic airway inflammation and asthma physiology. Possible prostaglandin therapeutic targets for allergic lung inflammation and asthma will also be reviewed, as informed by human studies, basic science, and animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Stokes Peebles
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States.
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Saba N, Yusuf O, Rehman S, Munir S, Noor A, Saqlain M, Mansoor A, Raja GK. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in asthma candidate genes TBXA2R, ADAM33 FCER1B and ORMDL3 in Pakistani asthmatics a case control study. Asthma Res Pract 2018; 4:4. [PMID: 29588858 PMCID: PMC5863901 DOI: 10.1186/s40733-018-0039-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic variations in different loci and genes are important in asthma pathogenesis. There is much importance of various immunological pathways in the IgE secretion regulation. Alterations in any main part of these pathways can increase the risk of asthma development. Polymorphisms in these genetic markers can effect certain pathways which predict the asthma susceptibility. In the present study, SNPs directly or indirectly affecting the immunological process pathways are selected. METHODS This study was conducted to determine association of 16 SNPs in 10 candidate genes with asthma in Pakistani population in 333 asthmatic cases and 220 healthy controls. Genotyping was performed using the Sequenom Mass ARRAY iPLEX platform (14 SNPs) and TaqMan assay (2 SNPs). RESULTS The minor allele at two of the SNPs showed association with protection from asthma, rs1131882 in TBXA2R gene (OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.52-1.01, P = 0.05) and rs2280091 in the ADAM33 gene (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.50-0.97, P = 0.03). For FCER1B gene, rs2583476 the asthmatic male gender had higher TT genotype counts as compared to controls (OR = 1.86, 95% CI = 1.09-3.17, p = 0.01). In rs11650680 of ORMDL3 gene the CT genotype is more prevalent in female asthma cases in comparison with female controls (OR = 1.99, 95% CI = 1.02-3.89, p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS This data suggests that variations at TBXA2R and ADAM33 genes are found to be associated with asthma susceptibility in Pakistan. FCER1B gene is associated with male and ORMDL3 in female asthmatics. These genetic markers can be important source of asthma risk in Pakistani population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nusrat Saba
- Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering, G-9/1, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Department of Biochemistry, Pir Mehar Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Osman Yusuf
- The Allergy and Asthma Institute of Pakistan, 275, Gomal Road, Islamabad, E-7 Pakistan
| | - Sadia Rehman
- Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering, G-9/1, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Saeeda Munir
- Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering, G-9/1, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Amna Noor
- Rawalpindi Medical College, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saqlain
- Department of Biochemistry, Pir Mehar Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Atika Mansoor
- Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering, G-9/1, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ghazala Kaukab Raja
- Department of Biochemistry, Pir Mehar Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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Mashimo Y, Sakurai-Yageta M, Watanabe M, Arima T, Morita Y, Inoue Y, Sato K, Nishimuta T, Suzuki S, Watanabe H, Hoshioka A, Tomiita M, Yamaide A, Kohno Y, Okamoto Y, Shimojo N, Hata A, Suzuki Y. Induction of the Matrix Metalloproteinase 13 Gene in Bronchial Epithelial Cells by Interferon and Identification of its Novel Functional Polymorphism. Inflammation 2017; 39:949-62. [PMID: 26635116 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-015-0291-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a class of extra-cellular and membrane-bound proteases involved in a wide array of physiological and pathological processes including tissue remodeling, inflammation, and cytokine secretion and activation. MMP-13 has been shown to be involved in lung diseases such as acute lung injury, viral infections, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; however, the molecular pathogenesis of MMP-13 in these conditions is not well understood. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms and roles of MMP-13 secretion in human small airway epithelial cells (SAECs) and functional polymorphisms of the MMP13 gene. Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)) and interferon β (IFN-β) stimulated the secretion of MMP-13 from SAECs by more than several hundred-fold. Stimulation of the secretion by poly(I:C) was abolished by SB304680 (p38 inhibitor), LY294002 (PI3K inhibitor), Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor I, RNA-activated protein kinase (PKR) inhibitor, and Bay 11-7082 (NF-κB inhibitor), while stimulation by IFN-β was inhibited by all except Bay 11-7082. These data suggested that the secretion of MMP-13 was mediated through IFN receptor pathways independently of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and that poly(I:C) stimulated IFN secretion in an NF-κB-dependent manner from SAECs, leading to IFN-stimulated MMP-13 secretion. Chemical MMP-13 inhibitors and MMP-13 small interfering RNA (siRNA) inhibited IFN-stimulated secretion of interferon gamma-inducible protein 10 (IP-10) and regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), suggesting that MMP-13 is involved in the secretion of these virus-induced proinflammatory chemokines. We identified a novel functional polymorphism in the promoter region of the MMP13 gene. The MMP13 gene may play important roles in defense mechanisms of airway epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Mashimo
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mika Sakurai-Yageta
- Department of Education and Training, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryomachi, Aobaku, Sendai, 980-8573, Japan
| | - Misa Watanabe
- The Department of Pediatrics, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takayasu Arima
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Morita
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yuzaburo Inoue
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuki Sato
- Department of Pediatrics, National Shimoshizu Hospital, Yotsukaido, Japan
| | | | - Shuichi Suzuki
- Department of Pediatrics, National Shimoshizu Hospital, Yotsukaido, Japan
| | - Hiroko Watanabe
- Department of Pediatrics, National Shimoshizu Hospital, Yotsukaido, Japan
| | - Akira Hoshioka
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Chiba Children's Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Minako Tomiita
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Chiba Children's Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akiko Yamaide
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Chiba Children's Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoichi Kohno
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Okamoto
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Naoki Shimojo
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akira Hata
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoichi Suzuki
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
- Department of Education and Training, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryomachi, Aobaku, Sendai, 980-8573, Japan.
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Cornejo-García JA, Perkins JR, Jurado-Escobar R, García-Martín E, Agúndez JA, Viguera E, Pérez-Sánchez N, Blanca-López N. Pharmacogenomics of Prostaglandin and Leukotriene Receptors. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:316. [PMID: 27708579 PMCID: PMC5030812 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Individual genetic background together with environmental effects are thought to be behind many human complex diseases. A number of genetic variants, mainly single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), have been shown to be associated with various pathological and inflammatory conditions, representing potential therapeutic targets. Prostaglandins (PTGs) and leukotrienes (LTs) are eicosanoids derived from arachidonic acid and related polyunsaturated fatty acids that participate in both normal homeostasis and inflammatory conditions. These bioactive lipid mediators are synthesized through two major multistep enzymatic pathways: PTGs by cyclooxygenase and LTs by 5-lipoxygenase. The main physiological effects of PTGs include vasodilation and vascular leakage (PTGE2); mast cell maturation, eosinophil recruitment, and allergic responses (PTGD2); vascular and respiratory smooth muscle contraction (PTGF2), and inhibition of platelet aggregation (PTGI2). LTB4 is mainly involved in neutrophil recruitment, vascular leakage, and epithelial barrier function, whereas cysteinyl LTs (CysLTs) (LTC4, LTD4, and LTE4) induce bronchoconstriction and neutrophil extravasation, and also participate in vascular leakage. PTGs and LTs exert their biological functions by binding to cognate receptors, which belong to the seven transmembrane, G protein-coupled receptor superfamily. SNPs in genes encoding these receptors may influence their functionality and have a role in disease susceptibility and drug treatment response. In this review we summarize SNPs in PTGs and LTs receptors and their relevance in human diseases. We also provide information on gene expression. Finally, we speculate on future directions for this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A Cornejo-García
- Research Laboratory, International Business Information Management Association (IBIMA)-Regional University Hospital of Malaga, University of Málaga (UMA)Malaga, Spain; Allergy Unit, International Business Information Management Association (IBIMA)-Regional University Hospital of Malaga, University of Málaga (UMA)Malaga, Spain
| | - James R Perkins
- Research Laboratory, International Business Information Management Association (IBIMA)-Regional University Hospital of Malaga, University of Málaga (UMA) Malaga, Spain
| | - Raquel Jurado-Escobar
- Research Laboratory, International Business Information Management Association (IBIMA)-Regional University Hospital of Malaga, University of Málaga (UMA) Malaga, Spain
| | | | - José A Agúndez
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Extremadura Caceres, Spain
| | - Enrique Viguera
- Genetics Unit, Department of Cell Biology, Genetics and Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Málaga Malaga, Spain
| | - Natalia Pérez-Sánchez
- Allergy Unit, International Business Information Management Association (IBIMA)-Regional University Hospital of Malaga, University of Málaga (UMA) Malaga, Spain
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether there is an association between thromboxane A2 receptor (TBXA2R) gene polymorphisms (+924C/T and +795C/T) and asthma risk by conducting a meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES Pubmed, Embase, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wanfang database were searched (updated May 1, 2015). STUDY SELECTIONS Articles evaluating the association between TBXA2R gene polymorphisms and asthma risk were selected. RESULTS A total of 7 studies on +924C/T polymorphism and 6 studies on +795C/T polymorphism were included in this meta-analysis. There was a significant association between TBXA2R +924C/T polymorphism and asthma risk in the recessive model (OR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.01-1.75, P = 0.045). No significant association between +795C/T polymorphism and asthma risk in the overall population was demonstrated. In subgroup analyzes, significant association was observed in atopic asthma risk in the recessive model (OR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.01-2.01, P = 0.043), but no significant association was found between TBXA2R +924C/T polymorphism and asthma risk in Asians (OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 0.80-1.63, P = 0.457). TBXA2R +795C/T polymorphism was associated with aspirin-intolerant asthma (AIA) risk when stratified by asthma subphenotype in the allelic model (OR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.05-1.60, P = 0.014) and dominant model (OR = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.11-2.03, P = 0.008). CONCLUSION Our results suggested that TBXA2R +924C/T polymorphism is associated with asthma risk, and +795C/T polymorphism may be a risk factor for AIA. Larger-scale and well-designed studies are required to validate the association identified in the current meta-analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Pan
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an, Shaanxi , China
| | - Shaojun Li
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an, Shaanxi , China
| | - Xinming Xie
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an, Shaanxi , China
| | - Manxiang Li
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an, Shaanxi , China
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Blankestijn MA, Boyle RJ, Gore R, Hawrylowicz C, Jarvis D, Knulst AC, Wardlaw AJ. Developments in the field of allergy in 2013 through the eyes of Clinical and Experimental Allergy. Clin Exp Allergy 2015; 44:1436-57. [PMID: 25346287 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
2013 was another exciting year for allergy in general and Clinical and Experimental Allergy in particular. In the field of asthma and rhinitis, there continued to be a focus on heterogeneity and phenotypes with increasing use of biostatistical techniques to determine clusters of similar populations. Obesity- and aspirin-associated disease are intriguing associations with asthma which were explored in a number of papers. We published a number of excellent papers on mechanisms of airway inflammation and how this relates to physiology, pathology, genetics and biomarkers in both human and experimental model systems. In terms of mechanisms, there is less on individual cell types in allergic disease at the moment, but the immunology of allergic disease continued to fascinate our authors. Another area that was popular both in the mechanisms and in the epidemiology sections was early life events and how these lead to allergic disease, with an increasing focus on the role of the microbiome and how this influences immune tolerance. In the clinical allergy section, oral immunotherapy for food allergy is clearly a major topic of interest at the moment as was in vitro testing to distinguish between sensitization and allergic disease. There was less on inhalant allergy this year, but a good representation from the drug allergy community including some interesting work on non-IgE-mediated mechanisms. In the allergen section, important new allergens continue to be discovered, but the major focus as in the last couple of years was on working out how component-resolved approaches can improve diagnosis and management of food and venom allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Blankestijn
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Abstract
Abstract Regulatory single nucleotide polymorphisms (rSNPs) which change the transcriptional factor binding sites (TFBS) for transcriptional factors (TFs) to bind DNA were reviewed for the ADRBK1 (GRK2), AKT3, ATF3, DIO2, TBXA2R and VEGFA genes. Changes in the TFBS where TFs attach to regulate these genes may result in human sickness and disease. The highlights of this previous work were reviewed for these genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norman E Buroker
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
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Nadif R, Zerimech F, Bouzigon E, Matran R. The role of eosinophils and basophils in allergic diseases considering genetic findings. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2013; 13:507-13. [PMID: 23974679 DOI: 10.1097/ACI.0b013e328364e9c0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Basophils and eosinophils represent less than 1 and 5% of white blood cells, respectively. Their role in asthma and allergic inflammation remains incompletely defined. The present review addresses recent advances regarding the role of these two cell populations in allergic inflammation and asthma regarding both biological and genetic point of view. RECENT FINDINGS Regarding eosinophils, the role of interleukin(IL)-25, IL-33 and thymic stromal lymphoprotein (TSLP) have been evidenced, and activation states of eosinophil β1 and β2 integrins have been found to correlate with the measurement of eosinophil recruitment and pulmonary function in asthma. New insights into the biology of basophils concern their role as regulators of Th2 cell response through IL-4 expression or the differentiation of monocytes to macrophages, and their population heterogeneity in human. The transcription factor PU.1 was reported to be involved in controlling transcription of specific genes both in eosinophils and basophils. Candidate genetic studies on eosinophils have explored genes involved in the intracellular calcium influx and apoptosis. At the genome-wide level, studies identified genetic variants belonging to IL1RL1, TSLP and IL-33, and four loci with pleiotropic effects on eosinophil and basophil counts [GATA2 (3q21), MHC (6p21), HBS1L-MYB (6q23), and ERG (21q22)]. SUMMARY Recent findings from biological and genetic studies on eosinophils and basophils highlight the role of epithelial cell-derived cytokines such as TSLP and IL-33 in asthma and allergic diseases.
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