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Azid NA, Ahmad S, Boer JC, Al-Hatamleh MAI, Mohammad N, Mohd Ashari NS, Tan HT, Chen X, Plebanski M, Mohamud R. A profile of TNFR2 + regulatory T cells and CD103 + dendritic cells in the peripheral blood of patients with asthma. Hum Immunol 2020; 81:634-643. [PMID: 32771274 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2020.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of tolerogenic CD103+ dendritic cells (DCs) with regulatory T (Tregs) cells modulates immune responses by inducing immune tolerance. Hence, we determined the proportion of these cells in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of asthmatic patients. We observed lower trends of CD11b-CD103+ DCs and CD86 within CD11b-CD103+ DCs, while increased levels of Foxp3 expressing CD25+/-TNFR2+ cells in asthmatics. There was a positive correlation in the expression of Foxp3 within CD3+CD4+CD25+TNFR2+ Tregs and CD11b-CD103+ as well as the expression of CD86 within HLA-DR+CD11c+CD11b-CD103+ DCs. In conclusion, we suggest that the increased levels of Tregs in blood could continuously suppress the T helper 2 (Th2) cells activation in the circulation which is also supported by the increase of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and TNF. Overall, functional immunoregulation of the regulatory cells, particularly Tregs, exhibit immune suppression and induce immune tolerance linked with the immune activation by the antigen presenting cells (APC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nor Azrini Azid
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Suhana Ahmad
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Jennifer C Boer
- Translational Immunology and Nanotechnology Unit, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora 3083, Australia.
| | - Mohammad A I Al-Hatamleh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Nurashikin Mohammad
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia; Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Noor Suryani Mohd Ashari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia; Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Hern Tze Tan
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia; Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Xin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, China.
| | - Magdalena Plebanski
- Translational Immunology and Nanotechnology Unit, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora 3083, Australia.
| | - Rohimah Mohamud
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia; Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.
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2
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Whitehouse AL, Mushtaq N, Miyashita L, Barratt B, Khan A, Kalsi H, Koh L, Padovan MG, Brugha R, Balkwill FR, Stagg AJ, Grigg J. Airway dendritic cell maturation in children exposed to air pollution. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0232040. [PMID: 32369498 PMCID: PMC7200006 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Urban particulate matter (PM) enhances airway dendritic cell (DC) maturation in vitro. However, to date, there are no data on the association between exposure to urban PM and DC maturation in vivo. We sought to determine whether exposure of school-age children (8 to 14 y) to PM was associated with expression of CD86, a marker of maturation of airway conventional DCs (cDC). Healthy London school children underwent spirometry and sputum induction. Flow cytometry was used to identify CD86 and CCR7 expression on cDC subsets (CD1c+ cDC2 and CD141+ cDC1). Tertiles of mean annual exposure to PM ≤ 10 microns (PM10) at the school address were determined using the London Air Quality Toolkit model. Tertiles of exposure from the 409 children from 19 schools recruited were; lower (23.1 to 25.6 μg/m3, n = 138), middle (25.6 to 26.8 μg/m3, n = 126), and upper (26.8 to 31.0 μg/m3, n = 145). DC expression was assessed in 164/370 (44%) children who completed sputum induction. The proportion (%) of cDC expressing CD86 in the lower exposure tertile (n = 47) was lower compared with the upper exposure tertile (n = 49); (52% (44 to 70%) vs 66% (51 to 82%), p<0.05). There was a higher percentage of cDC1 cells in the lower tertile of exposure (6.63% (2.48 to 11.64) vs. 2.63% (0.72 to 7.18), p<0.05). Additionally; children in the lower exposure tertile had increased FEV1 compared with children in the upper tertile; (median z-score 0.15 (-0.59 to 0.75) vs. -0.21 (-0.86 to 0.48), p<0.05. Our data reveal that children attending schools in the highest areas of PM exposure in London exhibit increased numbers of "mature" airway cDCs, as evidenced by their expression of the surface marker CD86. This data is supportive of previous in vitro data demonstrating an alteration in the maturation of airway cDCs in response to exposure to pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail L. Whitehouse
- Centre for Genomics and Child Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Naseem Mushtaq
- Centre for Genomics and Child Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lisa Miyashita
- Centre for Genomics and Child Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ameerah Khan
- Centre of the Cell, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Harpal Kalsi
- Centre for Genomics and Child Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lee Koh
- Centre for Genomics and Child Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michele G. Padovan
- Centre for Genomics and Child Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rossa Brugha
- Centre for Genomics and Child Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Frances R. Balkwill
- King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J. Stagg
- Centre for Immunobiology, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Grigg
- Centre for Genomics and Child Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
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3
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Whitehouse AL, Miyashita L, Liu NM, Lesosky M, Flitz G, Ndamala C, Balmes JR, Gordon SB, Mortimer K, Grigg J. Use of cleaner-burning biomass stoves and airway macrophage black carbon in Malawian women. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 635:405-411. [PMID: 29677666 PMCID: PMC6024563 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to particulate matter (PM) from burning of biomass for cooking is associated with adverse health effects. It is unknown whether or not cleaner burning biomass-fuelled cookstoves reduce the amount of PM inhaled by women compared with traditional open fires. We sought to assess whether airway macrophage black carbon (AMBC) - a marker of inhaled dose of carbonaceous PM from biomass and fossil fuel combustion - is lower in Malawian women using a cleaner burning biomass-fuelled cookstove compared with those using open fires for cooking. AMBC was assessed in induced sputum samples using image analysis and personal exposure to carbon monoxide (CO) and PM were measured using Aprovecho Indoor Air Pollution meters. A fossil-fuel exposed group of UK women was also studied. Induced sputum samples were obtained from 57 women from which AMBC was determined in 31. Median AMBC was 6.87μm2 (IQR 4.47-18.5) and 4.37μm2 (IQR 2.57-7.38) in the open fire (n=11) and cleaner burning cookstove groups (n=20), respectively (p=0.028). There was no difference in personal exposure to CO and PM between the two groups. UK women (n=5) had lower AMBC (median 0.89μm2, IQR 0.56-1.13) compared with both Malawi women using traditional cookstoves (p<0.001) and those using cleaner cookstoves (p=0.022). We conclude that use of a cleaner burning biomass-fuelled cookstove reduces inhaled PM dose in a way that is not necessarily reflected by personal exposure monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail L Whitehouse
- Centre for Child Health, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Lisa Miyashita
- Centre for Child Health, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Norrice M Liu
- Centre for Child Health, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Maia Lesosky
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Graham Flitz
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, USA
| | | | - John R Balmes
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, USA; School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | - Stephen B Gordon
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK; Malawi Liverpool Wellcome Trust Programme, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Kevin Mortimer
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK; Malawi Liverpool Wellcome Trust Programme, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Jonathan Grigg
- Centre for Child Health, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
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4
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Roberts G, Boyle R, Bryce PJ, Crane J, Hogan SP, Saglani S, Wickman M, Woodfolk JA. Developments in the field of clinical allergy in 2015 through the eyes of Clinical and Experimental Allergy. Clin Exp Allergy 2017; 46:1389-1397. [PMID: 27748974 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In the second of two papers, we describe developments in the field of clinical allergy as documented by Clinical and Experimental Allergy in 2015. Epidemiology, clinical allergy, asthma and rhinitis are all covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Roberts
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences and Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK. .,NIHR Southampton Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK. .,The David Hide Asthma and Allergy Research Centre, St Mary's Hospital, Isle of Wight, UK.
| | - R Boyle
- Paediatric Research Unit, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - P J Bryce
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - J Crane
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - S P Hogan
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - S Saglani
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - M Wickman
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J A Woodfolk
- Allergy Division, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
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5
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Chambers ES, Nanzer AM, Pfeffer PE, Richards DF, Martineau AR, Griffiths CJ, Corrigan CJ, Hawrylowicz CM. Dendritic cell phenotype in severe asthma reflects clinical responsiveness to glucocorticoids. Clin Exp Allergy 2017; 48:13-22. [PMID: 29130617 PMCID: PMC5767735 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Subsets of patients with severe asthma remain symptomatic despite prolonged, high‐dose glucocorticoid therapy. We hypothesized that the clinical glucocorticoid sensitivity of these asthmatics is reflected in differences in peripheral blood dendritic cell subsets. Objective To compare peripheral blood leucocyte populations using flow cytometry at baseline and after 2 weeks of systemic glucocorticoid (steroid) treatment to identify immunological differences between steroid‐sensitive (SS) and steroid‐resistant (SR) asthmatics. Methods Adult severe asthmatics (SS n = 12; SR n = 23) were assessed for their response to 2 weeks of therapy with oral prednisolone. Peripheral blood was obtained before and after therapy and stained for lymphocyte (CD3, CD19, CD4, CD8 and Foxp3) and dendritic cell markers (Lineage negative [CD3, CD14, CD16, CD19, CD20, CD56], HLA‐DR+, CD304, CD11c, ILT3 and CD86). Results A higher median frequency of myeloid DCs (mDCs) but not plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) was observed in the blood of SR as compared to SS asthmatics (P = .03). Glucocorticoid therapy significantly increased median B cell, but not T cell numbers in both cohorts, with a trend for increased numbers of Foxp3+ Tregs in SS (P = .07), but not SR subjects. Oral prednisolone therapy significantly reduced the median numbers and frequencies of total DCs and pDCs in both SS and SR asthmatics. Interestingly, the expression of HLA‐DR and ILT3 was also reduced on pDCs in all patients. In contrast, therapy increased the median frequency of mDCs in SS, but reduced it in SR asthmatics. Conclusions Myeloid DC frequency is elevated in SR compared with SS asthmatics, and mDC shows a differential response to oral prednisolone therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- E S Chambers
- MRC and Asthma-UK Centre for Allergic Mechanisms in Asthma, King's College London, London, UK
| | - A M Nanzer
- MRC and Asthma-UK Centre for Allergic Mechanisms in Asthma, King's College London, London, UK.,Asthma UK Centre for Applied Research, Centre for Primary Care and Public Health, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary, University of London, London, UK
| | - P E Pfeffer
- MRC and Asthma-UK Centre for Allergic Mechanisms in Asthma, King's College London, London, UK
| | - D F Richards
- MRC and Asthma-UK Centre for Allergic Mechanisms in Asthma, King's College London, London, UK
| | - A R Martineau
- Asthma UK Centre for Applied Research, Centre for Primary Care and Public Health, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary, University of London, London, UK
| | - C J Griffiths
- Asthma UK Centre for Applied Research, Centre for Primary Care and Public Health, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary, University of London, London, UK
| | - C J Corrigan
- MRC and Asthma-UK Centre for Allergic Mechanisms in Asthma, King's College London, London, UK
| | - C M Hawrylowicz
- MRC and Asthma-UK Centre for Allergic Mechanisms in Asthma, King's College London, London, UK
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6
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Baharom F, Rankin G, Blomberg A, Smed-Sörensen A. Human Lung Mononuclear Phagocytes in Health and Disease. Front Immunol 2017; 8:499. [PMID: 28507549 PMCID: PMC5410584 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The lungs are vulnerable to attack by respiratory insults such as toxins, allergens, and pathogens, given their continuous exposure to the air we breathe. Our immune system has evolved to provide protection against an array of potential threats without causing collateral damage to the lung tissue. In order to swiftly detect invading pathogens, monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells (DCs)-together termed mononuclear phagocytes (MNPs)-line the respiratory tract with the key task of surveying the lung microenvironment in order to discriminate between harmless and harmful antigens and initiate immune responses when necessary. Each cell type excels at specific tasks: monocytes produce large amounts of cytokines, macrophages are highly phagocytic, whereas DCs excel at activating naïve T cells. Extensive studies in murine models have established a division of labor between the different populations of MNPs at steady state and during infection or inflammation. However, a translation of important findings in mice is only beginning to be explored in humans, given the challenge of working with rare cells in inaccessible human tissues. Important progress has been made in recent years on the phenotype and function of human lung MNPs. In addition to a substantial population of alveolar macrophages, three subsets of DCs have been identified in the human airways at steady state. More recently, monocyte-derived cells have also been described in healthy human lungs. Depending on the source of samples, such as lung tissue resections or bronchoalveolar lavage, the specific subsets of MNPs recovered may differ. This review provides an update on existing studies investigating human respiratory MNP populations during health and disease. Often, inflammatory MNPs are found to accumulate in the lungs of patients with pulmonary conditions. In respiratory infections or inflammatory diseases, this may contribute to disease severity, but in cancer patients this may improve clinical outcomes. By expanding on this knowledge, specific lung MNPs may be targeted or modulated in order to attain favorable responses that can improve preventive or treatment strategies against respiratory infections, lung cancer, or lung inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezzah Baharom
- Immunology and Allergy Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gregory Rankin
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Division of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Anders Blomberg
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Division of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Anna Smed-Sörensen
- Immunology and Allergy Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
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7
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Duong-Thi-Ly H, Nguyen-Thi-Thu H, Nguyen-Hoang L, Nguyen-Thi-Bich H, Craig TJ, Duong-Quy S. Effects of genetic factors to inhaled corticosteroid response in children with asthma: a literature review. J Int Med Res 2017; 45:1818-1830. [PMID: 29251255 PMCID: PMC5805193 DOI: 10.1177/0300060516683877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have examined the association between pharmacogenetic effects
and the response to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in patients with asthma. In
fact, several single nucleotide polymorphisms of a number of candidate genes
have been identified that might influence the clinical response to ICS in
children with asthma. Their direct or indirect effects depend on their role in
the inflammatory process in asthma or the anti-inflammatory action of
corticosteroids, respectively. Among the genes identified, variants in T-box 21
(TBX21) and Fc fragment of IgE receptor II
(FCER2) contribute indirectly to the variability in the
response to ICS by altering the inflammatory mechanisms in asthma, while other
genes such as corticotropin releasing hormone receptor 1
(CRHR1), nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1
(NR3C1), stress induced phosphoprotein 1
(STIP1), dual specificity phosphatase 1
(DUSP1), glucocorticoid induced 1
(GLCCI1), histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC),
ORMDL sphingolipid biosynthesis regulator 3 (ORMDL3), and
vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF) directly affect this
variability through the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of ICS. The results to date
indicate various potential genetic factors associated with the response to ICS,
which could be utilized to predict the individual therapeutic response of
children with asthma to ICS. Clinical trials are underway and their results are
greatly anticipated. Further pharmacogenetic studies are needed to fully
understand the effects of genetic variation on the response to ICS in children
with asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huong Duong-Thi-Ly
- 1 School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ha Nguyen-Thi-Thu
- 1 School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Long Nguyen-Hoang
- 1 School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hanh Nguyen-Thi-Bich
- 2 Department of Immunology, Allergology, and Rheumatology, National Hospital of Paediatrics, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Timothy J Craig
- 3 Department of Medicine, Penn State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Sy Duong-Quy
- 3 Department of Medicine, Penn State University, Hershey, PA, USA.,4 Department of Pulmonology, Hospital Cochin, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.,5 Department of Respiratory Diseases, Medical-Biological Research Centre, Lam Dong Medical College, Dalat, Vietnam
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8
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Martin Alonso A, Saglani S. Mechanisms Mediating Pediatric Severe Asthma and Potential Novel Therapies. Front Pediatr 2017; 5:154. [PMID: 28725641 PMCID: PMC5497140 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2017.00154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Although a rare disease, severe therapy-resistant asthma in children is a cause of significant morbidity and results in utilization of approximately 50% of health-care resources for asthma. Improving control for children with severe asthma is, therefore, an urgent unmet clinical need. As a group, children with severe asthma have severe and multiple allergies, steroid resistant airway eosinophilia, and significant structural changes of the airway wall (airway remodeling). Omalizumab is currently the only add-on therapy that is licensed for use in children with severe asthma. However, limitations of its use include ineligibility for approximately one-third of patients because of serum IgE levels outside the recommended range and lack of clinical efficacy in a further one-third. Pediatric severe asthma is thus markedly heterogeneous, but our current understanding of the different mechanisms underpinning various phenotypes is very limited. We know that there are distinctions between the factors that drive pediatric and adult disease since pediatric disease develops in the context of a maturing immune system and during lung growth and development. This review summarizes the current data that give insight into the pathophysiology of pediatric severe asthma and will highlight potential targets for novel therapies. It is apparent that in order to identify novel treatments for pediatric severe asthma, the challenge of undertaking mechanistic studies using age appropriate experimental models and airway samples from children needs to be accepted to allow a targeted approach of personalized medicine to be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldara Martin Alonso
- Inflammation, Repair and Development Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sejal Saglani
- Inflammation, Repair and Development Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.,Respiratory Pediatrics, The Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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9
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Upham JW, Xi Y. Dendritic Cells in Human Lung Disease: Recent Advances. Chest 2016; 151:668-673. [PMID: 27729261 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2016.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are potent antigen-presenting cells. Because of their particular ability to initiate and regulate cell mediated and humoral immune responses, there is considerable interest in the role that DCs play in the pathogenesis of various lung diseases, especially those in which there is an excessive immune response to specific antigens (as in asthma) or a deficient immune response (as in lung cancer). A number of DC subpopulations have been defined in the lungs, including myeloid or conventional DCs that initiate T-cell immunity and antibody production and plasmacytoid DCs that have an important role in antiviral immunity and immune tolerance. Although an extensive body of literature has documented the role that DCs play in experimental models of lung disease, this review will highlight recent advances in our understanding of DC function in human disease, including asthma, COPD, antimicrobial immunity, and lung cancer. The future is likely to see new approaches whereby antigens and small molecules are targeted to receptors on particular DC subpopulations in order to modify pulmonary immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Upham
- School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Australia; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| | - Yang Xi
- School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Australia
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