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de Souza ML, Dos Santos WM, de Sousa ALMD, Ferraz LRDM, da Costa LAG, Silva EO, Rolim Neto PJ. Cutaneous leishmaniasis: new oral therapeutic approaches under development. Int J Dermatol 2021; 61:89-98. [PMID: 34510406 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.15902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO) classifies leishmaniasis as a disease for which the development of new treatments is a priority. Available drugs are not fully effective in all cases; they have parenteral administration and exhibit serious and common adverse effects. The only oral drug available (miltefosine) has shown resistance, is expensive, and is not available in many endemic countries. Thus, the development of an oral medicine may solve many of these issues. Based on that, this review aimed to investigate which therapeutic alternatives have been studied for the development of oral drugs for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis. A literature search for keywords "leishmania and oral" was performed in PubMed and ScienceDirect, considering articles published in the last 5 years. The articles were selected based on the objective of the review. The main problem in the current treatment of leishmaniasis is the administration of injectables, since it requires patients to travel to health centers, hospitalization, and professional administration, conditions that are not adapted to the socioeconomic reality of patients. Therefore, many research studies have evaluated oral alternatives for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis. The main tested approaches were obtaining new molecules, repositioning drugs, and new formulations of old drugs. The prospects are encouraging but still require more in vivo bioavailability and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myla Lôbo de Souza
- Laboratory of Drug Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof Artur de Sá, S/N, Recife - Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Widson Michael Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Drug Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof Artur de Sá, S/N, Recife - Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - André Luiz Moreira Domingues de Sousa
- Laboratory of Drug Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof Artur de Sá, S/N, Recife - Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Leslie Raphael de Moura Ferraz
- Laboratory of Drug Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof Artur de Sá, S/N, Recife - Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Lucas Amadeu Gonzaga da Costa
- Laboratory of Drug Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof Artur de Sá, S/N, Recife - Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Emerson Oliveira Silva
- Laboratory of Drug Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof Artur de Sá, S/N, Recife - Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Pedro José Rolim Neto
- Laboratory of Drug Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof Artur de Sá, S/N, Recife - Pernambuco, Brazil
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Veraldi S, Romagnuolo M, Cusini M, Maronese CA. Therapy of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania braziliensis with fluconazole. Dermatol Ther 2021; 34:e15060. [PMID: 34250686 PMCID: PMC8596449 DOI: 10.1111/dth.15060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Veraldi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Maurizio Romagnuolo
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Cusini
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Alberto Maronese
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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Martins RC, Dorneles GP, Teixeira VON, Antonello AM, Couto JL, Rodrigues Júnior LC, Monteiro MC, Peres A, Schrekker HS, Romão PRT. Imidazolium salts as innovative agents against Leishmania amazonensis. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 63:101-109. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Moyano EG, Blanca MA, Oñate FJ, Pilar LM. Painful ulcer of the pinna in an immunocompromised patient. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2017; 84:369-372. [PMID: 29067931 DOI: 10.4103/ijdvl.ijdvl_806_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E Gómez Moyano
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - M Ayala Blanca
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - F Jiménez Oñate
- Department of Infectious Disease, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - L Martínez Pilar
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Malaga, Spain
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