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Wang Y, Lv Y, Liu Y, Xie C. The effect of surgical repair of hiatal hernia (HH) on pulmonary function: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hernia 2023:10.1007/s10029-023-02756-5. [PMID: 36826630 PMCID: PMC10374806 DOI: 10.1007/s10029-023-02756-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hiatal hernia is renowned for the symptom of reflux, and few physicians associate a hiatal hernia with pulmonary issues. It is widely acknowledged that a hiatal hernia can be treated with surgery. However, less is known about how the surgical procedure would benefit pulmonary function. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine whether surgical repair can improve pulmonary function in patients with hiatal hernias. METHODS We registered the protocol on the PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews) platform (no. CRD42022369949). We searched the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases for cohort studies that reported on the pulmonary function of patients with hiatal hernias. The quality of each cohort study was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS). We then calculated mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals for these continuous outcomes. Each study's consistency was appraised using the I2 statistic. The sensitivity analysis was performed using the trim-and-fill method. Publication bias was confirmed using the funnel plot visually and Egger regression test statistically. RESULTS A total of 262 patients from 5 cohorts were included in the meta-analysis. The quality evaluation revealed that, of these 5 papers, 3 received 8 NOS stars out of 9 stars, 1 received 9, and the other received 7, meaning all included cohort studies were of high quality. The results showed that surgical repair for a hiatal hernia significantly improved forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1; weighted mean difference [WMD]:0.200; 95% CI 0.047-0.353; I2 = 71.6%; P = 0.010), forced vital capacity (FVC; WMD: 0.242; 95% CI 0.161-0.323; I2 = 7.1%; P = 0.000), and total lung capacity (TLC; WMD: 0.223; 95% CI 0.098-0.348; I2 = 0.0%; P = 0.000) but had little effect on residual volume (RV; WMD: -0.028; 95% CI -0.096 to 0.039; I2 = 8.7%; P = 0.411) and the diffusing capacity carbon monoxide (DLCO; WMD: 0.234; 95% CI -0.486 to 0.953; I2 = 0.0%; P = 0.524). CONCLUSION For individuals with hiatal hernias, surgical repair is an efficient technique to improve respiratory function as measured by FEV1, FVC, and TLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Wang
- General Surgery Department, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, China.
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Y Lv
- General Surgery Department, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, China
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Y Liu
- General Surgery Department, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, China
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - C Xie
- General Surgery Department, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, China
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
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Khoma O, Wong NLJ, Mugino M, Khoma MJ, Van der Wall H, Falk GL. Dyspnoea improves following composite repair of giant paraoesophageal hernia. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2022.0124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- O Khoma
- University of Notre Dame, Chippendale, New South Wales, Australia
| | - NLJ Wong
- Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, New South Wales, Australia
| | - M Mugino
- University of Notre Dame, Chippendale, New South Wales, Australia
| | - MJ Khoma
- Sydney Heartburn Clinic, Australia
| | - H Van der Wall
- University of Notre Dame, Chippendale, New South Wales, Australia
| | - GL Falk
- Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, New South Wales, Australia
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Bouriez D, Belaroussi Y, Boubaddi M, Martre P, Najah H, Berger P, Gronnier C, Collet D. Laparoscopic fundoplication for para-oesophageal hernia repair improves respiratory function in patients with dyspnoea: a prospective cohort study. Surg Endosc 2022; 36:7266-7278. [PMID: 35732837 PMCID: PMC9216289 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-022-09127-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Background Dyspnoea in patients with a para-oesophageal hernia (PEH) occurs in 7% to 32% of cases and is very disabling, especially in elderly patients, and its origin is not well defined. The present study aims to assess the impact of PEH repair on dyspnoea and respiratory function. Methods From January 2019 to May 2021, all consecutive patients scheduled for PEH repair presenting with a modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) score ≥ 2 for dyspnoea were included. Before and 2 months after surgery, dyspnoea was assessed by both the dyspnoea visual analogue scale (DVAS) and the mMRC scale, as well as pulmonary function tests (PFTs) by plethysmography. Results All 43 patients that were included had pre- and postoperative dyspnoea assessments and PFTs. Median age was 70 years (range 63–73.5 years), 37 (86%) participants were women, median percentage of the intrathoracic stomach was 59.9% (range 44.2–83.0%), and median length of hospital stay was 3 days (range 3–4 days). After surgery, the DVAS decreased statistically significant (5.6 [4.7–6.7] vs. 3.0 [2.3–4.4], p < 0.001), and 37 (86%) patients had a clinically significant decrease in mMRC score. Absolute forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), total lung capacity, and forced vital capacity also statistically significantly increased after surgery by an average of 11.2% (SD 17.9), 5.0% (SD 13.9), and 10.7% (SD 14.6), respectively. Furthermore, from the subgroup analysis, it was identified that patients with a lower preoperative FEV1 were more likely to have improvement in it after surgery. No correlation was found between improvement in dyspnoea and FEV1. There was no correlation between the percentage of intrathoracic stomach and dyspnoea or improvement in PFT parameters. Conclusion PEH repair improves dyspnoea and FEV1 in a statistically significant manner in a population of patients presenting with dyspnoea. Patients with a low preoperative FEV1 are more likely to have improvement in it after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Bouriez
- Esophagogastric Surgery Unit, Haut Lévêque Hospital, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Yaniss Belaroussi
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Haut Lévêque Hospital, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, ISPED, University of Bordeaux, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Mehdi Boubaddi
- Esophagogastric Surgery Unit, Haut Lévêque Hospital, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Paul Martre
- Esophagogastric Surgery Unit, Haut Lévêque Hospital, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Haythem Najah
- Esophagogastric Surgery Unit, Haut Lévêque Hospital, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Patrick Berger
- Pulmonary Function Tests Department, Haut Lévêque Hospital, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Caroline Gronnier
- Esophagogastric Surgery Unit, Haut Lévêque Hospital, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
- INSERM, U1053, Bordeaux, France.
| | - Denis Collet
- Esophagogastric Surgery Unit, Haut Lévêque Hospital, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
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Paraesophageal hernia repair with laparoscopic Toupet fundoplication: impact on pulmonary function, respiratory symptoms and quality of life. Hernia 2022; 26:1679-1685. [PMID: 35578061 DOI: 10.1007/s10029-022-02623-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paraesophageal hiatal hernia (PEH) is characterized by protrusion of intra-abdominal organs into the posterior mediastinum. Respiratory symptoms and reduced pulmonary function have been described as possibly related to lung compression. OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of laparoscopic Toupet fundoplication (LTF) for PEH repair on pulmonary function, measured with pulmonary function tests (PFTs), and respiratory symptoms. METHODS Retrospective, single-center, cohort study (November 2015-2020). All patients that completed pre- and postoperative (12 months) PFTs assessment were included. The gastroesophageal reflux disease health-related quality of life (GERD-HRQL), reflux symptom index (RSI) and short form-36 (SF-36) were used. RESULTS Overall, 71 patients were included. The median age was 67.1 years and the majority were females (78.8%). Baseline PFTs were within normal limits in 91% of patients. At 12 month follow-up, total lung capacity (TLC) (4.77 vs. 5.07 L; p = 0.0251), vital capacity (VC) (2.97 vs. 3.31 L; p = 0.0065), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) (2.07 vs. 2.44 L; p < 0.001) and forced vital capacity (FVC) (2.78 vs. 3.19 L; p < 0.001) were significantly improved. No significant differences were found for diffusing capacity of lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) (17.09 vs. 17.24; p = 0.734), and FEV1/FVC (0.77 vs. 0.77; p = 0.967). Interestingly, improvements were more pronounced in patients with large PEH (type IIIb and IV). At 12 month follow-up, both gastrointestinal and respiratory symptoms were significantly improved and 94% of patients were satisfied with the operation. The GERD-HRQL (18.1 ± 7.9 vs. 4.01 ± 2.4; p = 0.001), RSI (37.8 ± 9.7 vs. 10.6 ± 8.9; p < 0.001) and all SF-36 items were improved. CONCLUSIONS LTF for the treatment of PEH is safe and seems to be effective up to 12 month follow-up with improved lung volumes, spirometry values, quality of life, gastrointestinal and respiratory symptoms.
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Myers D, Jacobson X, Dale M, Sahasranaman V, Nandipati K. Impact of Paraesophageal Hernia Repair on Respiratory Function: A Systematic Review. Front Surg 2021; 8:666686. [PMID: 34262930 PMCID: PMC8273160 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2021.666686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Surgical repair of hiatal and paraesophageal hernia is widely accepted for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux symptoms. The respiratory benefit of this surgery is less clear. The objective of this review is to quantify the benefit to pulmonary function and subjective dyspnea of paraesophageal hernia repair with the aim of refining the indications and contraindications for elective paraesophageal hernia repair. Methods: Articles were gathered from systematic searches of the Medline Complete Database via the Creighton University Health Sciences Library literature search services. Publications with both pre and postoperative pulmonary function data or both pre and postoperative subjective dyspnea data with regards to surgical paraesophageal hernia repair were included. Results: Six studies were included in this review. The majority of studies in this review show improvement in pulmonary function postoperatively with regards to FEV1, FVC, and VC when stratified by % intrathoracic stomach (ITS), particularly in groups >50% ITS. No significant change was seen in postoperative DLCO or FEV1/FVC. Conclusion: Paraesophageal hernia repair has shown to improve pulmonary function both objectively and subjectively. This review was limited by the paucity of literature on the subject as well as the lack of a standardized method for measurement of %ITS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominick Myers
- School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Xander Jacobson
- School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Matthew Dale
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Venket Sahasranaman
- Department of Pulmonology, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Kalyana Nandipati
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States
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Kamarajah SK, Boyle C, Navidi M, Phillips AW. Critical appraisal of the impact of surgical repair of type II-IV paraoesophageal hernia (POH) on pulmonary improvement: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Surgeon 2020; 18:365-374. [PMID: 32046901 DOI: 10.1016/j.surge.2020.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paraoesophageal hernia (POH) comprising type II-IV hiatal hernia often presents with pulmonary symptoms such as shortness of breath. However, impact of surgical repair on improvement in pulmonary symptoms is unclear. OBJECTIVE This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed at characterising impact of POH repair on patient reported improvement in pulmonary symptoms. METHODS This systematic review identified studies reported pulmonary symptoms in patients with undergoing surgical repair for Type II-IV POH from 1st January 2001 to 1st December 2018. Primary outcome was improvement in pulmonary symptoms. Secondary outcomes were improvement in other patient-reported outcomes such as heartburn, regurgitation, chest pain, and dysphagia and intraoperative and postoperative outcomes. RESULTS This systematic review identified 27 studies (n = 4428 patients) reporting assessment of pulmonary symptoms. However, only 21 studies (n = 2902 patients) reported preoperative and postoperative pulmonary symptoms and hence these were included in the final meta-analysis. There was significant improvement in pulmonary symptoms following POH repair (OR: 8.40, CI95%: 4.91-14.35, p < 0.001), with improvement in all types of POH. Rates of overall and major complications were 16% and 5%, respectively. Rates of conversion, 30-day mortality, reoperation and recurrence were 2%, 1% 4% and 12% respectively. CONCLUSION This review demonstrates that POH repair is associated with improvement in pulmonary symptoms with acceptable low laparoscopic conversion rates, morbidity, mortality and recurrence rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivesh K Kamarajah
- Northern Oesophagogastric Unit, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle University NHS Foundation Trust Hospitals, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK; Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Charlie Boyle
- Northern Oesophagogastric Unit, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle University NHS Foundation Trust Hospitals, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Maziar Navidi
- Northern Oesophagogastric Unit, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle University NHS Foundation Trust Hospitals, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Alexander W Phillips
- Northern Oesophagogastric Unit, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle University NHS Foundation Trust Hospitals, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.
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Who gets a PEG? An analysis of simultaneous PEG placement during elective laparoscopic paraesophageal hernia repair. Surg Endosc 2019; 34:686-695. [PMID: 31062155 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-019-06815-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy (PEG) is an infrequent adjunct in elective paraesophageal hernia repair (PEHR). Guidelines denote that PEG "may facilitate postoperative care in selected patients." Though there is sparse literature defining which patients may benefit. The purpose of this study is to determine factors associated with simultaneous PEG placement during PEHR and their subsequent outcomes. METHODS The NSQIP database was queried from 2011 to 2016 for patients undergoing elective laparoscopic PEHR. Cases were excluded if PEHR or fundoplasty was not the primary procedure, a concomitant bariatric procedure was performed, or if the primary surgeon was not a general or cardiothoracic surgeon. Groups were Propensity Score Matched for age, BMI, and ASA Class. RESULTS 15700 patients were identified, 371 who underwent simultaneous PEG placement (2.4%). Non-PEG patients were matched at a 5:1 ratio, producing 1855 controls. PEG patients had higher rates of pre-operative dyspnea (OR 1.45, p = 0.0110), pre-operative weight loss (OR 2.87, p = 0.0001), and lower pre-operative albumin (3.92 vs. 4.01, p = 0.0129). PEG patients had more intra-operative contamination (mean Wound Classification 1.54 vs. 1.38, p < 0.0001) and longer case durations (170 vs. 148 min, p < 0.0001). PEG patients had longer lengths of stay (3.4 vs. 2.5 days, p = 0.0001), rates of superficial SSI (OR 5.82, p = 0.0012), peri-operative transfusions (OR 2.68, p = 0.0197), and pulmonary emboli (OR 3.61, p = 0.0359). CONCLUSION Patients undergoing simultaneous PEG during PEHR are more likely to have respiratory symptoms, markers of malnutrition, and intra-operative factors indicative of more technically challenging cases. These patients have longer hospitalizations, higher rates of superficial SSI, and more pulmonary emboli.
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Influence of large hiatus hernia on cardiac volumes. A prospective observational cohort study by cardiovascular magnetic resonance. Int J Cardiol 2018; 268:241-244. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is a major epidemic of obesity, and many obese patients suffer with respiratory symptoms and disease. The overall impact of obesity on lung function is multifactorial, related to mechanical and inflammatory aspects of obesity. Areas covered: Obesity causes substantial changes to the mechanics of the lungs and chest wall, and these mechanical changes cause asthma and asthma-like symptoms such as dyspnea, wheeze, and airway hyperresponsiveness. Excess adiposity is also associated with increased production of inflammatory cytokines and immune cells that may also lead to disease. This article reviews the literature addressing the relationship between obesity and lung function, and studies addressing how the mechanical and inflammatory effects of obesity might lead to changes in lung mechanics and pulmonary function in obese adults and children. Expert commentary: Obesity has significant effects on respiratory function, which contribute significantly to the burden of respiratory disease. These mechanical effects are not readily quantified with conventional pulmonary function testing and measurement of body mass index. Changes in mediators produced by adipose tissue likely also contribute to altered lung function, though as of yet this is poorly understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne E Dixon
- a Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine , University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine , Burlington , Vermont , USA
| | - Ubong Peters
- a Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine , University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine , Burlington , Vermont , USA
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Mechanisms of dyspnoea in giant hiatus hernia: an indication to perform surgery? Eur Surg 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10353-018-0531-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Bruyneel M, Ninane V. Extrathoracic hyperinflation. Thorax 2018; 73:96. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2017-210804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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