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Chabaud C, Berroneau M, Berroneau M, Dupoué A, Guillon M, Viton R, Gavira RSB, Clobert J, Lourdais O, Le Galliard JF. Climate aridity and habitat drive geographical variation in morphology and thermo-hydroregulation strategies of a widespread lizard species. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blac114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Thermo-hydroregulation strategies involve concurrent changes in functional traits related to energy, water balance and thermoregulation and play a key role in determining life-history traits and population demography of terrestrial ectotherms. Local thermal and hydric conditions should be important drivers of the geographical variation of thermo-hydroregulation strategies, but we lack studies that examine these changes across climatic gradients in different habitat types. Here, we investigated intraspecific variation of morphology and thermo-hydroregulation traits in the widespread European common lizard (Zootoca vivipara louislantzi) across a multidimensional environmental gradient involving independent variation in air temperature and rainfall and differences in habitat features (access to free-standing water and forest cover). We sampled adult males for morphology, resting metabolic rate, total and cutaneous evaporative water loss and thermal preferences in 15 populations from the rear to the leading edge of the distribution across an elevational gradient ranging from sea level to 1750 m. Besides a decrease in adult body size with increasing environmental temperatures, we found little effect of thermal conditions on thermo-hydroregulation strategies. In particular, relict lowland populations from the warm rear edge showed no specific ecophysiological adaptations. Instead, body mass, body condition and resting metabolic rate were positively associated with a rainfall gradient, while forest cover and water access in the habitat throughout the season also influenced cutaneous evaporative water loss. Our study emphasizes the importance of rainfall and habitat features rather than thermal conditions for geographical variation in lizard morphology and physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloé Chabaud
- Centre d’Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, Université La Rochelle, CNRS , UMR 7372, 405 Route de Prissé la Charrière, 79360 Villiers-en-Bois , France
- iEES Paris, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7618, Faculté Sciences et Ingénierie , 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris , France
| | | | - Maud Berroneau
- Cistude Nature, Chemin du Moulinat , 33185 Le Haillan , France
| | - Andréaz Dupoué
- iEES Paris, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7618, Faculté Sciences et Ingénierie , 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris , France
| | - Michaël Guillon
- Centre d’Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, Université La Rochelle, CNRS , UMR 7372, 405 Route de Prissé la Charrière, 79360 Villiers-en-Bois , France
- Cistude Nature, Chemin du Moulinat , 33185 Le Haillan , France
| | - Robin Viton
- Centre d’Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, Université La Rochelle, CNRS , UMR 7372, 405 Route de Prissé la Charrière, 79360 Villiers-en-Bois , France
| | - Rodrigo S B Gavira
- Centre d’Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, Université La Rochelle, CNRS , UMR 7372, 405 Route de Prissé la Charrière, 79360 Villiers-en-Bois , France
| | - Jean Clobert
- Station d’Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale, CNRS , UMR 5321, Route du CNRS, Moulis , France
| | - Olivier Lourdais
- Centre d’Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, Université La Rochelle, CNRS , UMR 7372, 405 Route de Prissé la Charrière, 79360 Villiers-en-Bois , France
| | - Jean-François Le Galliard
- iEES Paris, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7618, Faculté Sciences et Ingénierie , 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris , France
- École normale supérieure, PSL Research University, Département de biologie, CNRS, UMS 3194, Centre de recherche en écologie expérimentale et prédictive (CEREEP-Ecotron IleDeFrance) , 78 rue du château, 77140 Saint-Pierre-lès-Nemours , France
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Lizards from warm and declining populations are born with extremely short telomeres. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2201371119. [PMID: 35939680 PMCID: PMC9388115 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2201371119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is the price to pay for acquiring and processing energy through cellular activity and life history productivity. Climate warming can exacerbate the inherent pace of aging, as illustrated by a faster erosion of protective telomere DNA sequences. This biomarker integrates individual pace of life and parental effects through the germline, but whether intra- and intergenerational telomere dynamics underlies population trends remains an open question. Here, we investigated the covariation between life history, telomere length (TL), and extinction risk among three age classes in a cold-adapted ectotherm (Zootoca vivipara) facing warming-induced extirpations in its distribution limits. TL followed the same threshold relationships with population extinction risk at birth, maturity, and adulthood, suggesting intergenerational accumulation of accelerated aging rate in declining populations. In dwindling populations, most neonates inherited already short telomeres, suggesting they were born physiologically old and unlikely to reach recruitment. At adulthood, TL further explained females' reproductive performance, switching from an index of individual quality in stable populations to a biomarker of reproductive costs in those close to extirpation. We compiled these results to propose the aging loop hypothesis and conceptualize how climate-driven telomere shortening in ectotherms may accumulate across generations and generate tipping points before local extirpation.
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